Kubernetes Prow Robot
110 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
110 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Windows 节点的安全性
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content_type: concept
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weight: 40
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---
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<!--
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reviewers:
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- jayunit100
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- jsturtevant
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- marosset
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- perithompson
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title: Security For Windows Nodes
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content_type: concept
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weight: 75
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-->
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<!-- overview -->
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<!--
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This page describes security considerations and best practices specific to the Windows operating system.
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-->
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本篇介绍特定于 Windows 操作系统的安全注意事项和最佳实践。
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<!-- body -->
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## Protection for Secret data on nodes
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## 保护节点上的 Secret 数据 {#protection-for-secret-data-on-nodes}
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On Windows, data from Secrets are written out in clear text onto the node's local
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storage (as compared to using tmpfs / in-memory filesystems on Linux). As a cluster
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operator, you should take both of the following additional measures:
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-->
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在 Windows 上，来自 Secret 的数据以明文形式写入节点的本地存储
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（与在 Linux 上使用 tmpfs / 内存中文件系统不同）。
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作为集群操作员，你应该采取以下两项额外措施：
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1. Use file ACLs to secure the Secrets' file location.
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1. Apply volume-level encryption using [BitLocker](https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/security/information-protection/bitlocker/bitlocker-how-to-deploy-on-windows-server).
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-->
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1. 使用文件 ACL 来保护 Secret 的文件位置。
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2. 使用 [BitLocker](https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/security/information-protection/bitlocker/bitlocker-how-to-deploy-on-windows-server)
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进行卷级加密。
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## Container users
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## 容器用户 {#container-users}
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[RunAsUsername](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-runasusername)
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can be specified for Windows Pods or containers to execute the container
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processes as specific user. This is roughly equivalent to
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[RunAsUser](/docs/concepts/policy/pod-security-policy/#users-and-groups).
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-->
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可以为 Windows Pod 或容器指定 [RunAsUsername](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-runasusername)
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以作为特定用户执行容器进程。这大致相当于 [RunAsUser](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/security/pod-security-policy/#users-and-groups)。
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Windows containers offer two default user accounts, ContainerUser and ContainerAdministrator.
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The differences between these two user accounts are covered in
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[When to use ContainerAdmin and ContainerUser user accounts](https://docs.microsoft.com/virtualization/windowscontainers/manage-containers/container-security#when-to-use-containeradmin-and-containeruser-user-accounts) within Microsoft's _Secure Windows containers_ documentation.
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-->
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Windows 容器提供两个默认用户帐户，ContainerUser 和 ContainerAdministrator。
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在微软的 Windows 容器安全文档
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[何时使用 ContainerAdmin 和 ContainerUser 用户帐户](https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/virtualization/windowscontainers/manage-containers/container-security#when-to-use-containeradmin-and-containeruser-user-accounts)
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中介绍了这两个用户帐户之间的区别。
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Local users can be added to container images during the container build process.
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在容器构建过程中，可以将本地用户添加到容器镜像中。
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{{< note >}}
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<!--
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* [Nano Server](https://hub.docker.com/_/microsoft-windows-nanoserver) based images run as `ContainerUser` by default
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* [Server Core](https://hub.docker.com/_/microsoft-windows-servercore) based images run as `ContainerAdministrator` by default
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-->
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* 基于 [Nano Server](https://hub.docker.com/_/microsoft-windows-nanoserver) 的镜像默认以 `ContainerUser` 运行
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* 基于 [Server Core](https://hub.docker.com/_/microsoft-windows-servercore) 的镜像默认以 `ContainerAdministrator` 运行
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{{< /note >}}
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Windows containers can also run as Active Directory identities by utilizing [Group Managed Service Accounts](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-gmsa/)
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Windows 容器还可以通过使用[组管理的服务账号](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-gmsa/)作为
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Active Directory 身份运行。
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## Pod-level security isolation
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## Pod 级安全隔离 {#pod-level-security-isolation}
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Linux-specific pod security context mechanisms (such as SELinux, AppArmor, Seccomp, or custom
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POSIX capabilities) are not supported on Windows nodes.
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-->
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Windows 节点不支持特定于 Linux 的 Pod 安全上下文机制（例如 SELinux、AppArmor、Seccomp 或自定义 POSIX 权能字）。
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Privileged containers are [not supported](/docs/concepts/windows/intro/#compatibility-v1-pod-spec-containers-securitycontext) on Windows.
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Instead [HostProcess containers](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/create-hostprocess-pod) can be used on Windows to perform many of the tasks performed by privileged containers on Linux.
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-->
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Windows 上[不支持](/zh-cn/docs/concepts/windows/intro/#compatibility-v1-pod-spec-containers-securitycontext)特权容器。
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然而，可以在 Windows 上使用 [HostProcess 容器](/zh-cn/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/create-hostprocess-pod)来执行
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Linux 上特权容器执行的许多任务。
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