zh-trans: add content/zh/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/labels-annotations-taints.md (#13236)
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---
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title: 知名标签、注解和污点
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content_template: templates/concept
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weight: 10
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---
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<!--
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---
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title: Well-Known Labels, Annotations and Taints
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content_template: templates/concept
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weight: 10
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---
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-->
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{{% capture overview %}}
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<!--
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Kubernetes reserves all labels and annotations in the kubernetes.io namespace.
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-->
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Kubernetes 保留 kubernetes.io 命名空间中的所有标签和注解。
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<!--
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This document serves both as a reference to the values, and as a coordination point for assigning values.
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-->
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本文档既可以作为值的参考，也可以作为分配值的协调点。
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{{% /capture %}}
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{{% capture body %}}
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## beta.kubernetes.io/arch
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<!--
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Example: `beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64`
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-->
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例子：`beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64`
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<!--
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Used on: Node
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-->
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用于：节点
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<!--
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Kubelet populates this with `runtime.GOARCH` as defined by Go. This can be handy if you are mixing arm and x86 nodes,
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for example.
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-->
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Kubelet 用 Go 定义的 `runtime.GOARCH` 填充它。例如，如果您混合使用 arm 和 x86 节点，这可能会很方便。
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## beta.kubernetes.io/os
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<!--
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Example: `beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux`
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-->
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例如：`beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux`
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<!--
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Used on: Node
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-->
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用于：节点
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<!--
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Kubelet populates this with `runtime.GOOS` as defined by Go. This can be handy if you are mixing operating systems
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in your cluster (although currently Linux is the only OS supported by Kubernetes).
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-->
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Kubelet 用 Go 定义的 `runtime.GOOS` 填充它。如果您在您的集群中（尽管目前 Linux 是 Kubernetes 支持的唯一操作系统）混合使用操作系统，这可能会很方便。
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## kubernetes.io/hostname
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<!--
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Example: `kubernetes.io/hostname=ip-172-20-114-199.ec2.internal`
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-->
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例如：`kubernetes.io/hostname=ip-172-20-114-199.ec2.internal`
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<!--
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Used on: Node
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-->
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用于：节点
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<!--
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Kubelet populates this with the hostname. Note that the hostname can be changed from the "actual" hostname
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by passing the `--hostname-override` flag to kubelet.
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-->
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Kubelet 使用主机名填充它。请注意，可以通过将 `--hostname-override` 参数传递给 kubelet，以便使其根据“实际”主机名对主机名进行变更。
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<!--
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## beta.kubernetes.io/instance-type
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-->
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## beta.kubernetes.io/instance-type
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<!--
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Example: `beta.kubernetes.io/instance-type=m3.medium`
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-->
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例子：`beta.kubernetes.io/instance-type=m3.medium`
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<!--
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Used on: Node
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-->
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用于：节点
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<!--
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Kubelet populates this with the instance type as defined by the `cloudprovider`. It will not be set if
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not using a cloudprovider. This can be handy if you want to target certain workloads to certain instance
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types, but typically you want to rely on the Kubernetes scheduler to perform resource-based scheduling,
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and you should aim to schedule based on properties rather than on instance types (e.g. require a GPU, instead
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of requiring a `g2.2xlarge`)
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-->
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Kubelet 使用 `cloudprovider` 定义的实例类型填充它。如果不使用 cloudprovider，则不会对它进行设置。
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如果您想将某些工作负载定位到某个实例类型，这可能很方便。
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但通常您希望依靠 Kubernetes 调度程序来执行基于资源的调度，您应该根据属性而不是实例类型来安排计划（例如，需要一个 GPU，而不是 `g2.2xlarge`）
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## failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/region
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<!--
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See [failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone](#failure-domainbetakubernetesiozone).
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-->
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见 [failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone](#failure-domainbetakubernetesiozone）。
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## failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone {#failure-domainbetakubernetesiozone}
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<!--
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Example:
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-->
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例如：
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`failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/region=us-east-1`
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`failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone=us-east-1c`
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<!--
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Used on: Node, PersistentVolume
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-->
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用于：节点，持久卷
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<!--
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On the Node: Kubelet populates this with the zone information as defined by the `cloudprovider`. It will not be set if
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not using a `cloudprovider`, but you should consider setting it on the nodes if it makes sense in your topology.
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-->
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在节点上：Kubelet 使用 `cloudprovider` 定义的区域信息填充它。如果不使用 `cloudprovider`，则不会设置它。
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但如果在拓扑中有意义，则应考虑在节点上设置它。
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<!--
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On the PersistentVolume: The `PersistentVolumeLabel` admission controller will automatically add zone labels to PersistentVolumes,
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on GCE and AWS.
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-->
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在持久卷上：基于 GCE 和 AWS 环境，`PersistentVolumeLabel` 准入控制器会自动将区域标签添加到持久卷。
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<!--
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Kubernetes will automatically spread the pods in a replication controller or service across nodes in a single-zone
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cluster (to reduce the impact of failures).
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-->
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Kubernetes 将自动把 pod 分布在跨越单个区域中的集群节点的副本控制器或服务中（以减少故障的影响）。
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<!--
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With multiple-zone clusters, this spreading behaviour is extended across zones (to reduce the impact of zone failures).
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-->
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对于多区域集群，可以跨区域实现这种扩展行为(以减少区域故障的影响)。
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<!--
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This is achieved via SelectorSpreadPriority.
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-->
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这是通过 SelectorSpreadPriority 实现的。
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<!--
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This is a best-effort placement, and so if the zones in your cluster are heterogeneous (e.g. different numbers of nodes,
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different types of nodes, or different pod resource requirements), this might prevent equal spreading of
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your pods across zones.
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-->
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这是一个最佳的布局。但是，如果集群中的区域是异构的（例如，不同数量的节点、不同类型的节点或不同的 pod 资源需求），这些都可能会阻止您的 pod 在不同的区域中做到均匀分布。
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<!--
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If desired, you can use homogenous zones (same number and types of nodes) to reduce
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the probability of unequal spreading.
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-->
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如果需要，可以使用同质区域（相同数量和类型的节点）来减少不均匀分布的概率。
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<!--
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The scheduler (via the VolumeZonePredicate predicate) will also ensure that pods that claim a given volume
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are only placed into the same zone as that volume, as volumes cannot be attached across zones.
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-->
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调度器（通过 VolumeZonePredicate）还将确保声明给定卷的 pod 只放置在与该卷相同的区域中，因为卷不能跨区域挂载。
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<!--
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The actual values of zone and region don't matter, and nor is the meaning of the hierarchy rigidly defined. The expectation
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is that failures of nodes in different zones should be uncorrelated unless the entire region has failed.
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-->
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区域和区域的实际值无关紧要，层次结构的含义也没有严格定义。期望不同区域节点的故障应该是不相关的，除非整个区域都发生故障。
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<!--
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For example,
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-->
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例如，
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<!--
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zones should typically avoid sharing a single network switch. The exact mapping depends on your particular
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infrastructure - a three-rack installation will choose a very different setup to a multi-datacenter configuration.
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-->
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区域通常应该避免共享一个网络交换机。确切的映射取决于特定的基础设施，三机架安装将选择与多数据中心配置非常不同的设置。
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<!--
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If `PersistentVolumeLabel` does not support automatic labeling of your PersistentVolumes, you should consider
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adding the labels manually (or adding support to `PersistentVolumeLabel`), if you want the scheduler to prevent
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pods from mounting volumes in a different zone.
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-->
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如果 `PersistentVolumeLabel` 不支持自动标记您的持久卷，您又希望调度程序能防止 pod 在不同的区域挂载卷，则您应该考虑手动添加标签（或添加对 `PersistentVolumeLabel` 的支持）。
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<!--
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If your infrastructure doesn't have this constraint, you don't
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need to add the zone labels to the volumes at all.
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-->
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如果您的基础设施没有此约束，则根本不需要将区域标签添加到卷中。
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{{% /capture %}}
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