Merge pull request #34136 from zhangxyjlu/windows-storage

[zh]Add windows-storage.md chinese version
2022-06-06 23:43:49 -07:00
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+---
+title: Windows 存储
+content_type: concept
+---
+<!--
+reviewers:
+- jingxu97
+- mauriciopoppe
+- jayunit100
+- jsturtevant
+- marosset
+- aravindhp
+title: Windows Storage
+content_type: concept
+-->
+
+<!-- overview -->
+<!--
+This page provides an storage overview specific to the Windows operating system.
+-->
+此页面提供特定于 Windows 操作系统的存储概述。
+<!-- body -->
+
+<!--
+## Persistent storage {#storage}
+
+Windows has a layered filesystem driver to mount container layers and create a copy
+filesystem based on NTFS. All file paths in the container are resolved only within
+the context of that container.
+-->
+## 持久存储 {#storage}
+Windows 有一个分层文件系统驱动程序用来挂载容器层和创建基于 NTFS 的文件系统拷贝。
+容器中的所有文件路径仅在该容器的上下文中解析。
+
+<!--
+* With Docker, volume mounts can only target a directory in the container, and not
+  an individual file. This limitation does not apply to containerd.
+* Volume mounts cannot project files or directories back to the host filesystem.
+* Read-only filesystems are not supported because write access is always required
+  for the Windows registry and SAM database. However, read-only volumes are supported.
+* Volume user-masks and permissions are not available. Because the SAM is not shared
+  between the host & container, there's no mapping between them. All permissions are
+  resolved within the context of the container.
+-->
+* 使用 Docker 时，卷挂载只能是容器中的目录，而不能是单个文件。此限制不适用于 containerd。
+* 卷挂载不能将文件或目录映射回宿主文件系统。
+* 不支持只读文件系统，因为 Windows 注册表和 SAM 数据库始终需要写访问权限。不过，Windows 支持只读的卷。
+* 不支持卷的用户掩码和访问许可，因为宿主与容器之间并不共享 SAM，二者之间不存在映射关系。
+  所有访问许可都是在容器上下文中解析的。
+
+<!--
+As a result, the following storage functionality is not supported on Windows nodes:
+-->
+因此，Windows 节点不支持以下存储功能：
+
+<!--
+* Volume subpath mounts: only the entire volume can be mounted in a Windows container
+* Subpath volume mounting for Secrets
+* Host mount projection
+* Read-only root filesystem (mapped volumes still support `readOnly`)
+* Block device mapping
+* Memory as the storage medium (for example, `emptyDir.medium` set to `Memory`)
+* File system features like uid/gid; per-user Linux filesystem permissions
+* Setting [secret permissions with DefaultMode](/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/#secret-files-permissions) (due to UID/GID dependency)
+* NFS based storage/volume support
+* Expanding the mounted volume (resizefs)
+-->
+* 卷子路径挂载：只能在 Windows 容器上挂载整个卷
+* Secret 的子路径挂载
+* 宿主挂载映射
+* 只读的根文件系统（映射的卷仍然支持 `readOnly`）
+* 块设备映射
+* 内存作为存储介质（例如 `emptyDir.medium` 设置为 `Memory`）
+* 类似 UID/GID、各用户不同的 Linux 文件系统访问许可等文件系统特性
+* 使用 [DefaultMode 设置 Secret 权限](/zh/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/#secret-files-permissions)
+  （因为该特性依赖 UID/GID）
+* 基于 NFS 的存储和卷支持
+* 扩展已挂载卷（resizefs）
+
+<!--
+Kubernetes {{< glossary_tooltip text="volumes" term_id="volume" >}} enable complex
+applications, with data persistence and Pod volume sharing requirements, to be deployed
+on Kubernetes. Management of persistent volumes associated with a specific storage
+back-end or protocol includes actions such as provisioning/de-provisioning/resizing
+of volumes, attaching/detaching a volume to/from a Kubernetes node and
+mounting/dismounting a volume to/from individual containers in a pod that needs to
+persist data.
+-->
+使用 Kubernetes {{< glossary_tooltip text="卷" term_id="volume" >}}，
+对数据持久性和 Pod 卷共享有需求的复杂应用也可以部署到 Kubernetes 上。
+管理与特定存储后端或协议相关的持久卷时，相关的操作包括：对卷的制备（Provisioning）、
+去配（De-provisioning）和调整大小，将卷挂接到 Kubernetes 节点或从节点上解除挂接，
+将卷挂载到需要持久数据的 Pod 中的某容器上或从容器上卸载。
+
+<!--
+Volume management components are shipped as Kubernetes volume
+[plugin](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#types-of-volumes).
+The following broad classes of Kubernetes volume plugins are supported on Windows:
+-->
+卷管理组件作为 Kubernetes 卷[插件](/zh/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#types-of-volumes)发布。
+Windows 支持以下类型的 Kubernetes 卷插件：
+
+<!--
+* [`FlexVolume plugins`](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#flexVolume)
+  * Please note that FlexVolumes have been deprecated as of 1.23
+* [`CSI Plugins`](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#csi)
+-->
+* [`FlexVolume plugins`](/zh/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#flexVolume)
+  * 请注意自 1.23 版本起，FlexVolume 已被弃用
+* [`CSI Plugins`](/zh/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#csi)
+
+<!--
+##### In-tree volume plugins
+
+The following in-tree plugins support persistent storage on Windows nodes:
+-->
+##### 树内（In-Tree）卷插件  {#in-tree-volume-plugins}
+
+以下树内（In-Tree）插件支持 Windows 节点上的持久存储：
+
+<!--
+* [`awsElasticBlockStore`](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#awselasticblockstore)
+* [`azureDisk`](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#azuredisk)
+* [`azureFile`](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#azurefile)
+* [`gcePersistentDisk`](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#gcepersistentdisk)
+* [`vsphereVolume`](/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#vspherevolume)
+-->
+* [`awsElasticBlockStore`](/zh/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#awselasticblockstore)
+* [`azureDisk`](/zh/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#azuredisk)
+* [`azureFile`](/zh/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#azurefile)
+* [`gcePersistentDisk`](/zh/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#gcepersistentdisk)
+* [`vsphereVolume`](/zh/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#vspherevolume)