zh-trans:/docs/tutorials/hello-minikube.md (#14795)
* . * . * . * . * . * .
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---
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title: 你好 Minikube
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content_template: templates/tutorial
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weight: 5
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menu:
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main:
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title: "Get Started"
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weight: 10
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post: >
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<p>Ready to get your hands dirty? Build a simple Kubernetes cluster that runs "Hello World" for Node.js.</p>
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card:
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name: tutorials
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weight: 10
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---
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<!--
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---
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title: Hello Minikube
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content_template: templates/tutorial
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weight: 5
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menu:
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main:
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title: "Get Started"
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weight: 10
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post: >
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<p>Ready to get your hands dirty? Build a simple Kubernetes cluster that runs "Hello World" for Node.js.</p>
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card:
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name: tutorials
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weight: 10
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---
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-->
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{{% capture overview %}}
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<!--
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This tutorial shows you how to run a simple Hello World Node.js app
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on Kubernetes using [Minikube](/docs/getting-started-guides/minikube) and Katacoda.
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Katacoda provides a free, in-browser Kubernetes environment.
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-->
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本教程向您展示如何使用 [Minikube](/docs/getting-started-guides/minikube) 和 Katacoda 在 Kubernetes 上运行一个简单的 “Hello World” Node.js 应用程序。Katacoda 提供免费的浏览器内 Kubernetes 环境。
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{{< note >}}
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<!--
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You can also follow this tutorial if you've installed [Minikube locally](/docs/tasks/tools/install-minikube/).
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-->
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如果您已在本地安装 [Minikube](/docs/tasks/tools/install-minikube/)，也可以按照本教程操作。
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{{< /note >}}
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{{% /capture %}}
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{{% capture objectives %}}
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<!--
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* Deploy a hello world application to Minikube.
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* Run the app.
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* View application logs.
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-->
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* 将 "Hello World" 应用程序部署到 Minikube。
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* 运行应用程序。
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* 查看应用日志
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{{% /capture %}}
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{{% capture prerequisites %}}
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<!--
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This tutorial provides a container image built from the following files:
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-->
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本教程提供了从以下文件构建的容器镜像：
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{{< codenew language="js" file="minikube/server.js" >}}
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{{< codenew language="conf" file="minikube/Dockerfile" >}}
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<!--
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For more information on the `docker build` command, read the [Docker documentation](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/build/).
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-->
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有关 `docker build` 命令的更多信息，请参阅 [Docker 文档](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/build/)。
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{{% /capture %}}
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{{% capture lessoncontent %}}
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<!--
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## Create a Minikube cluster
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1. Click **Launch Terminal**
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{{< kat-button >}}
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{{< note >}}If you installed Minikube locally, run `minikube start`.{{< /note >}}
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2. Open the Kubernetes dashboard in a browser:
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```shell
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minikube dashboard
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```
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3. Katacoda environment only: At the top of the terminal pane, click the plus sign, and then click **Select port to view on Host 1**.
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4. Katacoda environment only: Type `30000`, and then click **Display Port**.
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-->
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## 创建 Minikube 集群
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1. 点击 **启动终端**
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{{< kat-button >}}
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{{< note >}}如果您本地安装了 Minikube, 运行 `minikube start`.{{< /note >}}
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2. 在浏览器中打开 Kubernetes dashboard：
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```shell
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minikube dashboard
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```
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3. 仅限 Katacoda 环境：在终端窗口的顶部，单击加号，然后单击 **选择要在主机 1 上查看的端口**。
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4. 仅限 Katacoda 环境：输入“30000”，然后单击 **显示端口**。
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<!--
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## Create a Deployment
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A Kubernetes [*Pod*](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/) is a group of one or more Containers,
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tied together for the purposes of administration and networking. The Pod in this
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tutorial has only one Container. A Kubernetes
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[*Deployment*](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) checks on the health of your
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Pod and restarts the Pod's Container if it terminates. Deployments are the
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recommended way to manage the creation and scaling of Pods.
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1. Use the `kubectl create` command to create a Deployment that manages a Pod. The
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Pod runs a Container based on the provided Docker image.
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```shell
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kubectl create deployment hello-node --image=gcr.io/hello-minikube-zero-install/hello-node
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```
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2. View the Deployment:
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```shell
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kubectl get deployments
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```
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Output:
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```shell
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NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
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hello-node 1 1 1 1 1m
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```
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3. View the Pod:
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```shell
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kubectl get pods
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```
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Output:
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```shell
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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hello-node-5f76cf6ccf-br9b5 1/1 Running 0 1m
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```
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4. View cluster events:
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```shell
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kubectl get events
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```
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5. View the `kubectl` configuration:
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```shell
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kubectl config view
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```
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{{< note >}}For more information about `kubectl`commands, see the [kubectl overview](/docs/user-guide/kubectl-overview/).{{< /note >}}
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-->
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## 创建 Deployment
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Kubernetes [*Pod*](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/) 是由一个或多个容器为了管理和联网的目的而绑定在一起构成的组。本教程中的 Pod 只有一个容器。Kubernetes [*Deployment*](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) 检查 Pod 的健康状况，并在 Pod 中的容器终止的情况下重新启动新的容器。Deployment 是管理 Pod 创建和扩展的推荐方法。
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1. 使用 `kubectl create` 命令创建管理 Pod 的 Deployment。该 Pod 根据提供的 Docker 镜像运行 Container。
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```shell
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kubectl create deployment hello-node --image=gcr.io/hello-minikube-zero-install/hello-node
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```
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2. 查看 Deployment：
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```shell
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kubectl get deployments
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```
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输出:
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```shell
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NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
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hello-node 1 1 1 1 1m
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```
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3. 查看 Pod：
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```shell
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kubectl get pods
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```
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输出:
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```shell
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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hello-node-5f76cf6ccf-br9b5 1/1 Running 0 1m
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```
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4. 查看集群事件：
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```shell
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kubectl get events
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```
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5. 查看 `kubectl` 配置：
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```shell
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kubectl config view
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```
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{{< note >}}有关 kubectl 命令的更多信息，请参阅 [kubectl 概述](/docs/user-guide/kubectl-overview/)。{{< /note >}}
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<!--
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## Create a Service
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By default, the Pod is only accessible by its internal IP address within the
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Kubernetes cluster. To make the `hello-node` Container accessible from outside the
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Kubernetes virtual network, you have to expose the Pod as a
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Kubernetes [*Service*](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/).
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1. Expose the Pod to the public internet using the `kubectl expose` command:
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```shell
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kubectl expose deployment hello-node --type=LoadBalancer --port=8080
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```
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The `--type=LoadBalancer` flag indicates that you want to expose your Service
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outside of the cluster.
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2. View the Service you just created:
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```shell
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kubectl get services
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```
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Output:
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```shell
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NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
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hello-node LoadBalancer 10.108.144.78 <pending> 8080:30369/TCP 21s
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kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 23m
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```
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On cloud providers that support load balancers,
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an external IP address would be provisioned to access the Service. On Minikube,
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the `LoadBalancer` type makes the Service accessible through the `minikube service`
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command.
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3. Run the following command:
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```shell
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minikube service hello-node
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```
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4. Katacoda environment only: Click the plus sign, and then click **Select port to view on Host 1**.
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5. Katacoda environment only: Type `30369` (see port opposite to `8080` in services output), and then click
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This opens up a browser window that serves your app and shows the "Hello World" message.
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-->
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## 创建 Service
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默认情况下，Pod 只能通过 Kubernetes 集群中的内部 IP 地址访问。要使得 `hello-node` 容器可以从 Kubernetes 虚拟网络的外部访问，您必须将 Pod 暴露为 Kubernetes [*Service*](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/)。
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1. 使用 `kubectl expose` 命令将 Pod 暴露给公网：
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```shell
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kubectl expose deployment hello-node --type=LoadBalancer --port=8080
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```
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The `--type=LoadBalancer` flag indicates that you want to expose your Service
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outside of the cluster.
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2. 查看您刚刚创建的服务:
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```shell
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kubectl get services
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```
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输出:
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```shell
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NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
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hello-node LoadBalancer 10.108.144.78 <pending> 8080:30369/TCP 21s
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kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 23m
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```
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在支持负载均衡器的云服务提供商上，将提供一个外部 IP 来访问该服务。在 Minikube 上，`LoadBalancer` 使得服务可以通过命令 `minikube service` 访问。
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3. 运行下面的命令：
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```shell
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minikube service hello-node
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```
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4. 仅限 Katacoda 环境：单击加号，然后单击 **选择要在主机 1 上查看的端口**。
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5. 仅限 Katacoda 环境：输入 `30369`（请参阅服务输出中与 `8080` 相对的端口），然后单击
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这将打开一个浏览器窗口，为您的应用程序提供服务并显示 “Hello World” 消息。
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<!--
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## Enable addons
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Minikube has a set of built-in addons that can be enabled, disabled and opened in the local Kubernetes environment.
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1. List the currently supported addons:
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```shell
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minikube addons list
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```
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Output:
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```shell
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addon-manager: enabled
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coredns: disabled
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dashboard: enabled
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default-storageclass: enabled
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efk: disabled
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freshpod: disabled
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heapster: disabled
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ingress: disabled
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kube-dns: enabled
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metrics-server: disabled
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nvidia-driver-installer: disabled
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nvidia-gpu-device-plugin: disabled
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registry: disabled
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registry-creds: disabled
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storage-provisioner: enabled
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```
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2. Enable an addon, for example, `heapster`:
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```shell
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minikube addons enable heapster
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```
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Output:
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```shell
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heapster was successfully enabled
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```
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3. View the Pod and Service you just created:
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```shell
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kubectl get pod,svc -n kube-system
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```
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Output:
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```shell
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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pod/heapster-9jttx 1/1 Running 0 26s
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pod/influxdb-grafana-b29w8 2/2 Running 0 26s
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pod/kube-addon-manager-minikube 1/1 Running 0 34m
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pod/kube-dns-6dcb57bcc8-gv7mw 3/3 Running 0 34m
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pod/kubernetes-dashboard-5498ccf677-cgspw 1/1 Running 0 34m
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pod/storage-provisioner 1/1 Running 0 34m
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NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
|
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service/heapster ClusterIP 10.96.241.45 <none> 80/TCP 26s
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service/kube-dns ClusterIP 10.96.0.10 <none> 53/UDP,53/TCP 34m
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service/kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.109.29.1 <none> 80:30000/TCP 34m
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service/monitoring-grafana NodePort 10.99.24.54 <none> 80:30002/TCP 26s
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service/monitoring-influxdb ClusterIP 10.111.169.94 <none> 8083/TCP,8086/TCP 26s
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```
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4. Disable `heapster`:
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```shell
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minikube addons disable heapster
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```
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Output:
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|
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```shell
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heapster was successfully disabled
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||||
```
|
||||
-->
|
||||
## 启用 addons
|
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|
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Minikube 有一组内置的 addons，可以在本地 Kubernetes 环境中启用、禁用和打开。
|
||||
|
||||
1. 列出当前支持的 addons：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
minikube addons list
|
||||
```
|
||||
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||||
输出:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
addon-manager: enabled
|
||||
coredns: disabled
|
||||
dashboard: enabled
|
||||
default-storageclass: enabled
|
||||
efk: disabled
|
||||
freshpod: disabled
|
||||
heapster: disabled
|
||||
ingress: disabled
|
||||
kube-dns: enabled
|
||||
metrics-server: disabled
|
||||
nvidia-driver-installer: disabled
|
||||
nvidia-gpu-device-plugin: disabled
|
||||
registry: disabled
|
||||
registry-creds: disabled
|
||||
storage-provisioner: enabled
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
2. 启用 addon，例如 `heapster`：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
minikube addons enable heapster
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
输出:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
heapster was successfully enabled
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
3. 查看刚才创建的 Pod 和 Service：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
kubectl get pod,svc -n kube-system
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
输出:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||||
pod/heapster-9jttx 1/1 Running 0 26s
|
||||
pod/influxdb-grafana-b29w8 2/2 Running 0 26s
|
||||
pod/kube-addon-manager-minikube 1/1 Running 0 34m
|
||||
pod/kube-dns-6dcb57bcc8-gv7mw 3/3 Running 0 34m
|
||||
pod/kubernetes-dashboard-5498ccf677-cgspw 1/1 Running 0 34m
|
||||
pod/storage-provisioner 1/1 Running 0 34m
|
||||
|
||||
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
|
||||
service/heapster ClusterIP 10.96.241.45 <none> 80/TCP 26s
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||||
service/kube-dns ClusterIP 10.96.0.10 <none> 53/UDP,53/TCP 34m
|
||||
service/kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.109.29.1 <none> 80:30000/TCP 34m
|
||||
service/monitoring-grafana NodePort 10.99.24.54 <none> 80:30002/TCP 26s
|
||||
service/monitoring-influxdb ClusterIP 10.111.169.94 <none> 8083/TCP,8086/TCP 26s
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
4. 禁用 `heapster`：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
minikube addons disable heapster
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
输出:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
heapster was successfully disabled
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Clean up
|
||||
|
||||
Now you can clean up the resources you created in your cluster:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
kubectl delete service hello-node
|
||||
kubectl delete deployment hello-node
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Optionally, stop the Minikube virtual machine (VM):
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
minikube stop
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Optionally, delete the Minikube VM:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
minikube delete
|
||||
```
|
||||
-->
|
||||
## 清理
|
||||
|
||||
现在可以清理您在集群中创建的资源：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
kubectl delete service hello-node
|
||||
kubectl delete deployment hello-node
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
可以停止 Minikube VM：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
minikube stop
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
或者，删除 Minikube VM：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
minikube delete
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
|
||||
{{% capture whatsnext %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
* Learn more about [Deployment objects](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/).
|
||||
* Learn more about [Deploying applications](/docs/user-guide/deploying-applications/).
|
||||
* Learn more about [Service objects](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
* 进一步了解 [Deployment 对象](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/)。
|
||||
* 学习更多关于 [部署应用](/docs/user-guide/deploying-applications/)。
|
||||
* 学习更多关于 [Service 对象](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/)。
|
||||
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
|
||||
FROM node:6.14.2
|
||||
EXPOSE 8080
|
||||
COPY server.js .
|
||||
CMD node server.js
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
|
||||
var http = require('http');
|
||||
|
||||
var handleRequest = function(request, response) {
|
||||
console.log('Received request for URL: ' + request.url);
|
||||
response.writeHead(200);
|
||||
response.end('Hello World!');
|
||||
};
|
||||
var www = http.createServer(handleRequest);
|
||||
www.listen(8080);
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user