zh-trans:update daemonset.md (#14794)
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Kubernetes Prow Robot
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@@ -1,163 +1,416 @@
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---
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approvers:
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reviewers:
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- enisoc
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- erictune
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- foxish
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- janetkuo
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- kow3ns
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title: DaemonSet
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redirect_from:
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- "/docs/admin/daemons/"
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- "/docs/admin/daemons.html"
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content_template: templates/concept
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weight: 50
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---
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{{< toc >}}
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<!--
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---
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reviewers:
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- enisoc
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- erictune
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- foxish
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- janetkuo
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- kow3ns
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title: DaemonSet
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content_template: templates/concept
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weight: 50
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---
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--->
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{{% capture overview %}}
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<!--
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A _DaemonSet_ ensures that all (or some) Nodes run a copy of a Pod. As nodes are added to the
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cluster, Pods are added to them. As nodes are removed from the cluster, those Pods are garbage
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collected. Deleting a DaemonSet will clean up the Pods it created.
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--->
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_DaemonSet_ 确保全部(或者某些)节点上运行一个 Pod 的副本。当有节点加入集群时,
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也会为他们新增一个 Pod 。当有节点从集群移除时,这些 Pod 也会被回收。删除 DaemonSet 将会删除它创建的所有 Pod。
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## 什么是 DaemonSet?
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_DaemonSet_ 确保全部(或者某些)节点上运行一个 Pod 的副本。当有节点加入集群时,也会为他们新增一个 Pod 。
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当有节点从集群移除时,这些 Pod 也会被回收。删除 DaemonSet 将会删除它创建的所有 Pod。
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<!--
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Some typical uses of a DaemonSet are:
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- running a cluster storage daemon, such as `glusterd`, `ceph`, on each node.
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- running a logs collection daemon on every node, such as `fluentd` or `logstash`.
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- running a node monitoring daemon on every node, such as [Prometheus Node Exporter](
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https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter), `collectd`, [Dynatrace OneAgent](https://www.dynatrace.com/technologies/kubernetes-monitoring/), [AppDynamics Agent](https://docs.appdynamics.com/display/CLOUD/Container+Visibility+with+Kubernetes), [Datadog agent](https://docs.datadoghq.com/agent/kubernetes/daemonset_setup/), [New Relic agent](https://docs.newrelic.com/docs/integrations/kubernetes-integration/installation/kubernetes-installation-configuration), Ganglia `gmond` or Instana agent.
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--->
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使用 DaemonSet 的一些典型用法:
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- 运行集群存储 daemon,例如在每个节点上运行 `glusterd`、`ceph`。
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- 在每个节点上运行日志收集 daemon,例如`fluentd`、`logstash`。
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- 在每个节点上运行监控 daemon,例如 [Prometheus Node Exporter](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter)、`collectd`、Datadog 代理、New Relic 代理, Ganglia `gmond`, 或 [Instana Agent](https://www.instana.com/supported-integrations/kubernetes-monitoring/)。
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- 在每个节点上运行监控 daemon,例如 [Prometheus Node Exporter](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter)、`collectd`、[Dynatrace OneAgent](https://www.dynatrace.com/technologies/kubernetes-monitoring/)、 [AppDynamics 代理](https://docs.appdynamics.com/display/CLOUD/Container+Visibility+with+Kubernetes)、 [Datadog 代理](https://docs.datadoghq.com/agent/kubernetes/daemonset_setup/)、[New Relic 代理](https://docs.newrelic.com/docs/integrations/kubernetes-integration/installation/kubernetes-installation-configuration), Ganglia `gmond` 或 Instana agent。
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一个简单的用法是在所有的节点上都启动一个 DaemonSet,将被作为每种类型的 daemon 使用。
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一个稍微复杂的用法是单独对每种 daemon 类型使用多个 DaemonSet,但具有不同的标志,和/或对不同硬件类型具有不同的内存、CPU要求。
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<!--
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In a simple case, one DaemonSet, covering all nodes, would be used for each type of daemon.
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A more complex setup might use multiple DaemonSets for a single type of daemon, but with
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different flags and/or different memory and cpu requests for different hardware types.
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--->
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一个简单的用法是在所有的节点上都启动一个 DaemonSet,将被作为每种类型的 daemon 使
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用。
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一个稍微复杂的用法是单独对每种 daemon 类型使用多个 DaemonSet,但具有不同的标志,
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和/或对不同硬件类型具有不同的内存、CPU要求。
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{{% /capture %}}
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{{% capture body %}}
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## 编写 DaemonSet 规约
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<!--
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## Writing a DaemonSet Spec
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### Create a DaemonSet
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--->
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## 编写 DaemonSet 规约
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### 创建 DaemonSet
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<!--
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You can describe a DaemonSet in a YAML file. For example, the `daemonset.yaml` file below describes a DaemonSet that runs the fluentd-elasticsearch Docker image:
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{{< codenew file="controllers/daemonset.yaml" >}}
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* Create a DaemonSet based on the YAML file:
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```
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kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/daemonset.yaml
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```
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--->
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您可以在 YAML 文件中描述 DaemonSet。例如,下面的 daemonset.yaml 文件描述了一个运行 fluentd-elasticsearch Docker 镜像的 DaemonSet:
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{{< codenew file="controllers/daemonset.yaml" >}}
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* 基于 YAML 文件创建 DaemonSet:
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```
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kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/daemonset.yaml
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```
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<!--
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### Required Fields
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As with all other Kubernetes config, a DaemonSet needs `apiVersion`, `kind`, and `metadata` fields. For
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general information about working with config files, see [deploying applications](/docs/user-guide/deploying-applications/),
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[configuring containers](/docs/tasks/), and [object management using kubectl](/docs/concepts/overview/object-management-kubectl/overview/) documents.
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A DaemonSet also needs a [`.spec`](https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status) section.
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--->
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### 必需字段
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和其它所有 Kubernetes 配置一样,DaemonSet 需要 `apiVersion`、`kind` 和 `metadata` 字段。
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有关配置文件的基本信息,详见文档 [deploying applications](/docs/user-guide/deploying-applications/)、[配置容器](/docs/user-guide/configuring-containers/) 和 [资源管理](/docs/concepts/tools/kubectl/object-management-overview/) 。
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和其它所有 Kubernetes 配置一样,DaemonSet 需要 `apiVersion`、`kind` 和 `metadata` 字段。有关配置文件的基本信息,详见文档 [部署应用](/docs/user-guide/deploying-applications/)、[配置容器](/docs/tasks/) 和 [使用kubectl进行对象管理](/docs/concepts/overview/object-management-kubectl/overview/) 。
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DaemonSet 也需要一个 [`.spec`](https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status) 配置段。
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<!--
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### Pod Template
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The `.spec.template` is one of the required fields in `.spec`.
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The `.spec.template` is a [pod template](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-overview/#pod-templates). It has exactly the same schema as a [Pod](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/), except it is nested and does not have an `apiVersion` or `kind`.
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In addition to required fields for a Pod, a Pod template in a DaemonSet has to specify appropriate
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labels (see [pod selector](#pod-selector)).
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A Pod Template in a DaemonSet must have a [`RestartPolicy`](/docs/user-guide/pod-states)
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equal to `Always`, or be unspecified, which defaults to `Always`.
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--->
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### Pod 模板
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`.spec` 唯一必需的字段是 `.spec.template`。
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`.spec.template` 是一个 [Pod 模板](/docs/user-guide/replication-controller/#pod-template)。
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它与 [Pod](/docs/user-guide/pods) 具有相同的 schema,除了它是嵌套的,而且不具有 `apiVersion` 或 `kind` 字段。
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`.spec.template` 是一个 [Pod 模板](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-overview/#pod-templates)。它与 [Pod](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/) 具有相同的 schema,除了它是嵌套的,而且不具有 `apiVersion` 或 `kind` 字段。
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除了 Pod 必需字段外,在 DaemonSet 中的 Pod 模板必须指定合理的标签(查看 [Pod Selector](#pod-selector))。
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在 DaemonSet 中的 Pod 模板必须具有一个值为 `Always` 的 [`RestartPolicy`](/docs/user-guide/pod-states),或者未指定它的值,默认是 `Always`。
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<!--
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### Pod Selector
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`.spec.selector` 字段表示 Pod Selector,它与 [Job](/docs/concepts/jobs/run-to-completion-finite-workloads/) 或其它资源的 `.spec.selector` 的作用是相同的。
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The `.spec.selector` field is a pod selector. It works the same as the `.spec.selector` of
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a [Job](/docs/concepts/jobs/run-to-completion-finite-workloads/).
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As of Kubernetes 1.8, you must specify a pod selector that matches the labels of the
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`.spec.template`. The pod selector will no longer be defaulted when left empty. Selector
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defaulting was not compatible with `kubectl apply`. Also, once a DaemonSet is created,
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its `.spec.selector` can not be mutated. Mutating the pod selector can lead to the
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unintentional orphaning of Pods, and it was found to be confusing to users.
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--->
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### Pod Selector
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`.spec.selector` 字段表示 Pod Selector,它与 [Job](/docs/concepts/jobs/run-to-completion-finite-workloads/) 的 `.spec.selector` 的作用是相同的。
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从 Kubernetes 1.8开始,您必须指定与 `.spec.template` 的标签匹配的 pod selector。当不配置时,pod selector 将不再有默认值。selector 默认与 `kubectl apply` 不兼容。 此外,一旦创建了 DaemonSet,它的 `.spec.selector` 就不能修改。修改 pod selector 可能导致成为 孤儿Pod,并且这对用户来说是困惑的。
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<!--
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The `.spec.selector` is an object consisting of two fields:
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* `matchLabels` - works the same as the `.spec.selector` of a [ReplicationController](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicationcontroller/).
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* `matchExpressions` - allows to build more sophisticated selectors by specifying key,
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list of values and an operator that relates the key and values.
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When the two are specified the result is ANDed.
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If the `.spec.selector` is specified, it must match the `.spec.template.metadata.labels`. Config with these not matching will be rejected by the API.
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Also you should not normally create any Pods whose labels match this selector, either directly, via
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another DaemonSet, or via other controller such as ReplicaSet. Otherwise, the DaemonSet
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controller will think that those Pods were created by it. Kubernetes will not stop you from doing
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this. One case where you might want to do this is manually create a Pod with a different value on
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a node for testing.
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--->
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`spec.selector` 表示一个对象,它由如下两个字段组成:
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* `matchLabels` - 与 [ReplicationController](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicationcontroller/) 的 `.spec.selector` 的作用相同。
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* `matchExpressions` - 允许构建更加复杂的 Selector,可以通过指定 key、value 列表,以及与 key 和 value 列表相关的操作符。
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* `matchExpressions` - 允许构建更加复杂的 Selector,可以通过指定 key、value 列表
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,以及与 key 和 value 列表相关的操作符。
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当上述两个字段都指定时,结果表示的是 AND 关系。
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如果指定了 `.spec.selector`,必须与 `.spec.template.metadata.labels` 相匹配。如果没有指定,它们默认是等价的。如果与它们配置的不匹配,则会被 API 拒绝。
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如果 Pod 的 label 与 selector 匹配,或者直接基于其它的 DaemonSet、或者 Controller(例如 ReplicationController),也不可以创建任何 Pod。
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否则 DaemonSet Controller 将认为那些 Pod 是它创建的。Kubernetes 不会阻止这样做。一个场景是,可能希望在一个具有不同值的、用来测试用的节点上手动创建 Pod。
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如果指定了 `.spec.selector`,必须与 `.spec.template.metadata.labels` 相匹配。如果与它们配置的不匹配,则会被 API 拒绝。
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此外,您通常不应该创建任何 pods,它们的 label 与 selector 匹配,或者直接创建,或者通过另一个 DaemonSet、或者其他控制器,比如 ReplicaSet。否则,DaemonSet 控制器会认为这些 Pod 是由它创建的。Kubernetes 不会阻止你这样做。 您可能希望这样做的一种情况是在节点上手动创建具有不同值的 Pod 以进行测试。
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<!--
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### Running Pods on Only Some Nodes
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If you specify a `.spec.template.spec.nodeSelector`, then the DaemonSet controller will
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create Pods on nodes which match that [node
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selector](/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/). Likewise if you specify a `.spec.template.spec.affinity`,
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then DaemonSet controller will create Pods on nodes which match that [node affinity](/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/).
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If you do not specify either, then the DaemonSet controller will create Pods on all nodes.
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--->
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### 仅在某些节点上运行 Pod
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如果指定了 `.spec.template.spec.nodeSelector`,DaemonSet Controller 将在能够与 [Node Selector](/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/) 匹配的节点上创建 Pod。
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类似这种情况,可以指定 `.spec.template.spec.affinity`,然后 DaemonSet Controller 将在能够与 [Node Affinity](/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/) 匹配的节点上创建 Pod。
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如果指定了 `.spec.template.spec.nodeSelector`,DaemonSet Controller 将在能够与 [Node Selector](/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/) 匹配的节点上创建 Pod。类似这种情况,可以指定 `.spec.template.spec.affinity`,然后 DaemonSet Controller 将在能够与 [node Affinity](/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/) 匹配>的节点上创建 Pod。
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如果根本就没有指定,则 DaemonSet Controller 将在所有节点上创建 Pod。
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<!--
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## How Daemon Pods are Scheduled
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### Scheduled by DaemonSet controller (disabled by default since 1.12)
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## 如何调度 Daemon Pod
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Normally, the machine that a Pod runs on is selected by the Kubernetes scheduler. However, Pods
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created by the DaemonSet controller have the machine already selected (`.spec.nodeName` is specified
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when the Pod is created, so it is ignored by the scheduler). Therefore:
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正常情况下,Pod 运行在哪个机器上是由 Kubernetes 调度器来选择的。然而,由 Daemon Controller 创建的 Pod 已经确定了在哪个机器上(Pod 创建时指定了 `.spec.nodeName`),因此:
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- The [`unschedulable`](/docs/admin/node/#manual-node-administration) field of a node is not respected
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by the DaemonSet controller.
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- The DaemonSet controller can make Pods even when the scheduler has not been started, which can help cluster
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bootstrap.
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--->
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## 如何调度 Daemon Pods
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### 由 DaemonSet 控制器调度(从v1.12 开始默认禁用)
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正常情况下,Pod 运行在哪个机器上是由 Kubernetes 调度器来选择的。然而,由 DaemonSet Controller 创建的 Pod 已经确定了在哪个机器上(Pod 创建时指定了 `.spec.nodeName`,调度器会忽略它),因此:
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- DaemonSet Controller 并不关心一个节点的 [`unschedulable`](/docs/admin/node/#manual-node-administration) 字段。
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- DaemonSet Controller 可以创建 Pod,即使调度器还没有启动,这对集群启动是非常有帮助的。
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<!--
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### Scheduled by default scheduler (enabled by default since 1.12)
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{{< feature-state state="beta" for-kubernetes-version="1.12" >}}
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Daemon Pod 关心 [Taint 和 Toleration](/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/#taints-and-tolerations-beta-feature),它们会为没有指定 `tolerationSeconds` 的 `node.kubernetes.io/not-ready` 和 `node.alpha.kubernetes.io/unreachable` 的 Taint,创建具有 `NoExecute` 的 Toleration。这确保了当 alpha 特性的 `TaintBasedEvictions` 被启用时,发生节点故障,比如网络分区,这时它们将不会被清除掉(当 `TaintBasedEvictions` 特性没有启用,在这些场景下也不会被清除,但会因为 NodeController 的硬编码行为而被清除,而不会因为 Toleration 导致被清除)。
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A DaemonSet ensures that all eligible nodes run a copy of a Pod. Normally, the
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node that a Pod runs on is selected by the Kubernetes scheduler. However,
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DaemonSet pods are created and scheduled by the DaemonSet controller instead.
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That introduces the following issues:
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* Inconsistent Pod behavior: Normal Pods waiting to be scheduled are created
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and in `Pending` state, but DaemonSet pods are not created in `Pending`
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state. This is confusing to the user.
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* [Pod preemption](/docs/concepts/configuration/pod-priority-preemption/)
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is handled by default scheduler. When preemption is enabled, the DaemonSet controller
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will make scheduling decisions without considering pod priority and preemption.
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--->
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### 由默认 scheduler 调度(从v1.12开始默认开启)
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{{< feature-state state="beta" for-kubernetes-version="1.12" >}}
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DaemonSet 确保所有符合条件的节点都运行一个 Pod 的副本。通常,运行 Pod 的节点由 Kubernetes scheduler 选择。然而,DaemonSet pods 由 DaemonSet controller 创建和调度。这将引入以下问题:
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* Pod 行为的不一致性:等待调度的正常 Pod 已被创建并处于 `Pending` 状态,但 DaemonSet pods 未在 `Pending` 状态下创建。 这使用户感到困惑。
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* [Pod preemption](/docs/concepts/configuration/pod-priority-preemption/)由默认 scheduler 处理。 启用抢占后,DaemonSet 控制器将在不考虑 pod 优先级和抢占的情况下制定调度决策。
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<!--
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`ScheduleDaemonSetPods` allows you to schedule DaemonSets using the default
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scheduler instead of the DaemonSet controller, by adding the `NodeAffinity` term
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to the DaemonSet pods, instead of the `.spec.nodeName` term. The default
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scheduler is then used to bind the pod to the target host. If node affinity of
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the DaemonSet pod already exists, it is replaced. The DaemonSet controller only
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performs these operations when creating or modifying DaemonSet pods, and no
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changes are made to the `spec.template` of the DaemonSet.
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--->
|
||||
`ScheduleDaemonSetPods` 允许您使用默认 scheduler 而不是 DaemonSet 控制器来调度 DaemonSets,方法是将 `NodeAffinity` 添加到 DaemonSet pods,而不是 `.spec.nodeName`。 然后使用默认 scheduler 将 pod 绑定到目标主机。 如果 DaemonSet pod的亲和节点已存在,则替换它。 DaemonSet 控制器仅在创建或修改 DaemonSet pods 时执行这些操作,并且不对 DaemonSet的 `spec.template` 进行任何更改。
|
||||
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
nodeAffinity:
|
||||
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
|
||||
nodeSelectorTerms:
|
||||
- matchFields:
|
||||
- key: metadata.name
|
||||
operator: In
|
||||
values:
|
||||
- target-host-name
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
In addition, `node.kubernetes.io/unschedulable:NoSchedule` toleration is added
|
||||
automatically to DaemonSet Pods. The default scheduler ignores
|
||||
`unschedulable` Nodes when scheduling DaemonSet Pods.
|
||||
--->
|
||||
此外,`node.kubernetes.io/unschedulable:NoSchedule` toleration 会自动添加到 DaemonSet Pods。 在调度DaemonSet Pod 时,默认调度器会忽略 `unschedulable`节点。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Taints and Tolerations
|
||||
|
||||
Although Daemon Pods respect
|
||||
[taints and tolerations](/docs/concepts/configuration/taint-and-toleration),
|
||||
the following tolerations are added to DaemonSet Pods automatically according to
|
||||
the related features.
|
||||
--->
|
||||
### Taints and Tolerations
|
||||
|
||||
尽管 Daemon Pods 尊重[taints and tolerations](/docs/concepts/configuration/taint-and-toleration),根据相关特性,会自动将以下 tolerations 添加到 DaemonSet Pods 中。
|
||||
|
||||
| Toleration Key | Effect | Version | Description |
|
||||
| ---------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
||||
| `node.kubernetes.io/not-ready` | NoExecute | 1.13+ | DaemonSet pods will not be evicted when there are node problems such as a network partition. |
|
||||
| `node.kubernetes.io/unreachable` | NoExecute | 1.13+ | DaemonSet pods will not be evicted when there are node problems such as a network partition. |
|
||||
| `node.kubernetes.io/disk-pressure` | NoSchedule | 1.8+ | |
|
||||
| `node.kubernetes.io/memory-pressure` | NoSchedule | 1.8+ | |
|
||||
| `node.kubernetes.io/unschedulable` | NoSchedule | 1.12+ | DaemonSet pods tolerate unschedulable attributes by default scheduler. |
|
||||
| `node.kubernetes.io/network-unavailable` | NoSchedule | 1.12+ | DaemonSet pods, who uses host network, tolerate network-unavailable attributes by default scheduler. |
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## 与 Daemon Pod 通信
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Communicating with Daemon Pods
|
||||
|
||||
Some possible patterns for communicating with Pods in a DaemonSet are:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Push**: Pods in the DaemonSet are configured to send updates to another service, such
|
||||
as a stats database. They do not have clients.
|
||||
- **NodeIP and Known Port**: Pods in the DaemonSet can use a `hostPort`, so that the pods are reachable via the node IPs. Clients know the list of node IPs somehow, and know the port by convention.
|
||||
- **DNS**: Create a [headless service](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#headless-services) with the same pod selector,
|
||||
and then discover DaemonSets using the `endpoints` resource or retrieve multiple A records from
|
||||
DNS.
|
||||
- **Service**: Create a service with the same Pod selector, and use the service to reach a
|
||||
daemon on a random node. (No way to reach specific node.)
|
||||
--->
|
||||
## 与 Daemon Pods 通信
|
||||
|
||||
与 DaemonSet 中的 Pod 进行通信,几种可能的模式如下:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Push**:配置 DaemonSet 中的 Pod 向其它 Service 发送更新,例如统计数据库。它们没有客户端。
|
||||
- **NodeIP 和已知端口**:DaemonSet 中的 Pod 可以使用 `hostPort`,从而可以通过节点 IP 访问到 Pod。客户端能通过某种方法知道节点 IP 列表,并且基于此也可以知道端口。
|
||||
- **DNS**:创建具有相同 Pod Selector 的 [Headless Service](/docs/user-guide/services/#headless-services),然后通过使用 `endpoints` 资源或从 DNS 检索到多个 A 记录来发现 DaemonSet。
|
||||
- **NodeIP 和已知端口**:DaemonSet 中的 Pod 可以使用 `hostPort`,从而可以通过节点 IP 访问到 Pod。客户端能通过某种方法知道节点 IP 列表,并且基于此也可以知道端口
|
||||
。
|
||||
- **DNS**:创建具有相同 Pod Selector 的 [Headless Service](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#headless-services),然后通过使用 `endpoints` 资源或从 DNS 检索到多个 A 记录来发现 DaemonSet。
|
||||
- **Service**:创建具有相同 Pod Selector 的 Service,并使用该 Service 随机访问到某个节点上的 daemon(没有办法访问到特定节点)。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Updating a DaemonSet
|
||||
|
||||
If node labels are changed, the DaemonSet will promptly add Pods to newly matching nodes and delete
|
||||
Pods from newly not-matching nodes.
|
||||
|
||||
You can modify the Pods that a DaemonSet creates. However, Pods do not allow all
|
||||
fields to be updated. Also, the DaemonSet controller will use the original template the next
|
||||
time a node (even with the same name) is created.
|
||||
|
||||
You can delete a DaemonSet. If you specify `--cascade=false` with `kubectl`, then the Pods
|
||||
will be left on the nodes. You can then create a new DaemonSet with a different template.
|
||||
The new DaemonSet with the different template will recognize all the existing Pods as having
|
||||
matching labels. It will not modify or delete them despite a mismatch in the Pod template.
|
||||
You will need to force new Pod creation by deleting the Pod or deleting the node.
|
||||
--->
|
||||
## 更新 DaemonSet
|
||||
|
||||
如果修改了节点标签(Label),DaemonSet 将立刻向新匹配上的节点添加 Pod,同时删除新近不能够匹配的节点上的 Pod。
|
||||
如果修改了节点标签(Label),DaemonSet 将立刻向新匹配上的节点添加 Pod,同时删除不能够匹配的节点上的 Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
我们可以修改 DaemonSet 创建的 Pod。然而,不允许对 Pod 的所有字段进行更新。当下次节点(即使具有相同的名称)被创建时,DaemonSet Controller 还会使用最初的模板。
|
||||
您可以修改 DaemonSet 创建的 Pod。然而,不允许对 Pod 的所有字段进行更新。当下次
|
||||
节点(即使具有相同的名称)被创建时,DaemonSet Controller 还会使用最初的模板。
|
||||
|
||||
您可以删除一个 DaemonSet。如果使用 `kubectl` 并指定 `--cascade=false` 选项,则 Pod 将被保留在节点上。然后可以创建具有不同模板的新 DaemonSet。具有不同模板的新 DaemonSet 将能够通过标签匹配并识别所有已经存在的 Pod。它不会修改或删除它们,即使是错误匹配了 Pod 模板。通过删除 Pod 或者删除节点,可以强制创建新的 Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
可以删除一个 DaemonSet。如果使用 `kubectl` 并指定 `--cascade=false` 选项,则 Pod 将被保留在节点上。然后可以创建具有不同模板的新 DaemonSet。具有不同模板的新 DaemonSet 将能够通过标签匹配并识别所有已经存在的 Pod。它不会修改或删除它们,即使是错误匹配了 Pod 模板。通过删除 Pod 或者删除节点,可以强制创建新的 Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
In Kubernetes version 1.6 and later, you can [perform a rolling update](/docs/tasks/manage-daemon/update-daemon-set/) on a DaemonSet.
|
||||
--->
|
||||
在 Kubernetes 1.6 或以后版本,可以在 DaemonSet 上 [执行滚动升级](/docs/tasks/manage-daemon/update-daemon-set/)。
|
||||
|
||||
未来的 Kubernetes 版本将支持节点的可控更新。
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Alternatives to DaemonSet
|
||||
|
||||
### Init Scripts
|
||||
|
||||
It is certainly possible to run daemon processes by directly starting them on a node (e.g. using
|
||||
`init`, `upstartd`, or `systemd`). This is perfectly fine. However, there are several advantages to
|
||||
running such processes via a DaemonSet:
|
||||
|
||||
- Ability to monitor and manage logs for daemons in the same way as applications.
|
||||
- Same config language and tools (e.g. Pod templates, `kubectl`) for daemons and applications.
|
||||
- Running daemons in containers with resource limits increases isolation between daemons from app
|
||||
containers. However, this can also be accomplished by running the daemons in a container but not in a Pod
|
||||
(e.g. start directly via Docker).
|
||||
--->
|
||||
## DaemonSet 的可替代选择
|
||||
|
||||
### init 脚本
|
||||
|
||||
我们很可能希望直接在一个节点上启动 daemon 进程(例如,使用 `init`、`upstartd`、或 `systemd`)。这非常好,但基于 DaemonSet 来运行这些进程有如下一些好处:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
- 像对待应用程序一样,具备为 daemon 提供监控和管理日志的能力。
|
||||
- 为 daemon 和应用程序使用相同的配置语言和工具(如 Pod 模板、`kubectl`)。
|
||||
- Kubernetes 未来版本可能会支持对 DaemonSet 创建 Pod 与节点升级工作流进行集成。
|
||||
- 在资源受限的容器中运行 daemon,能够增加 daemon 和应用容器的隔离性。然而,这也实现了在容器中运行 daemon,但却不能在 Pod 中运行(例如,直接基于 Docker 启动)。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Bare Pods
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
It is possible to create Pods directly which specify a particular node to run on. However,
|
||||
a DaemonSet replaces Pods that are deleted or terminated for any reason, such as in the case of
|
||||
node failure or disruptive node maintenance, such as a kernel upgrade. For this reason, you should
|
||||
use a DaemonSet rather than creating individual Pods.
|
||||
--->
|
||||
### 裸 Pod
|
||||
|
||||
可能要直接创建 Pod,同时指定其运行在特定的节点上。
|
||||
然而,DaemonSet 替换了由于任何原因被删除或终止的 Pod,例如节点失败、例行节点维护、内核升级。由于这个原因,我们应该使用 DaemonSet 而不是单独创建 Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
可能要直接创建 Pod,同时指定其运行在特定的节点上。然而,DaemonSet 替换了由于任何原因被删除或终止的 Pod,例如节点失败、例行节点维护、内核升级。由于这个原因,我们应该使用 DaemonSet 而不是单独创建 Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Static Pods
|
||||
|
||||
It is possible to create Pods by writing a file to a certain directory watched by Kubelet. These
|
||||
are called [static pods](/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/static-pod/).
|
||||
Unlike DaemonSet, static Pods cannot be managed with kubectl
|
||||
or other Kubernetes API clients. Static Pods do not depend on the apiserver, making them useful
|
||||
in cluster bootstrapping cases. Also, static Pods may be deprecated in the future.
|
||||
--->
|
||||
### 静态 Pod
|
||||
|
||||
可能需要通过在一个指定目录下编写文件来创建 Pod,该目录受 Kubelet 所监视。这些 Pod 被称为 [静态 Pod](/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/static-pod/)。
|
||||
不像 DaemonSet,静态 Pod 不受 kubectl 和其它 Kubernetes API 客户端管理。静态 Pod 不依赖于 apiserver,这使得它们在集群启动的情况下非常有用。
|
||||
而且,未来静态 Pod 可能会被废弃掉。
|
||||
不像 DaemonSet,静态 Pod 不受 kubectl 和其它 Kubernetes API 客户端管理。静态 Pod 不依赖于 apiserver,这使得它们在集群启动的情况下非常有用。而且,未来静态 Pod 可能会被废弃掉。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Deployments
|
||||
|
||||
DaemonSets are similar to [Deployments](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) in that
|
||||
they both create Pods, and those Pods have processes which are not expected to terminate (e.g. web servers,
|
||||
storage servers).
|
||||
|
||||
### Replication Controller
|
||||
Use a Deployment for stateless services, like frontends, where scaling up and down the
|
||||
number of replicas and rolling out updates are more important than controlling exactly which host
|
||||
the Pod runs on. Use a DaemonSet when it is important that a copy of a Pod always run on
|
||||
all or certain hosts, and when it needs to start before other Pods.
|
||||
--->
|
||||
### Deployments
|
||||
|
||||
DaemonSet 与 [Replication Controller](/docs/user-guide/replication-controller) 非常类似,它们都能创建 Pod,这些 Pod 对应的进程都不希望被终止掉(例如,Web 服务器、存储服务器)。
|
||||
为无状态的 Service 使用 Replication Controller,比如前端(Frontend)服务,实现对副本的数量进行扩缩容、平滑升级,比之于精确控制 Pod 运行在某个主机上要重要得多。
|
||||
DaemonSet 与 [Deployments](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/)非常类似,它们都能创建 Pod,这些 Pod 对应的进程都不希望被终止掉(例如,Web 服务器、存储服务器)。
|
||||
为无状态的 Service 使用 Deployments,比如前端 Frontend 服务,实现对副本的数量进行扩缩容、平滑升级,比基于精确控制 Pod 运行在某个主机上要重要得多。
|
||||
需要 Pod 副本总是运行在全部或特定主机上,并需要先于其他 Pod 启动,当这被认为非常重要时,应该使用 Daemon Controller。
|
||||
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user