#### February 4th - rkt demo (congratulations on the 1.0, CoreOS!), eBay puts k8s on Openstack and considers Openstack on k8s, SIGs, and flaky test surge makes progress.
The Kubernetes contributing community meets most Thursdays at 10:00PT to discuss the project's status via a videoconference. Here are the notes from the latest meeting.
To get involved in the Kubernetes community consider joining our [Slack channel][2], taking a look at the [Kubernetes project][3] on GitHub, or join the [Kubernetes-dev Google group][4]. If you're really excited, you can do all of the above and join us for the next community conversation -- February 11th, 2016. Please add yourself or a topic you want to know about to the [agenda][5] and get a calendar invitation by joining [this group][6].
-->
要参与 Kubernetes 社区，请考虑加入我们的[Slack 频道][2]，查看 GitHub上的 [Kubernetes 项目][3]，或加入[Kubernetes-dev Google 小组][4]。如果你真的很兴奋，你可以完成上述所有工作并加入我们的下一次社区对话-2016年2月11日。请将您自己或您想要了解的主题添加到[议程][5]并通过加入[此组][6]来获取日历邀请。
title: 'Topology-Aware Volume Provisioning in Kubernetes'
date: 2018-10-11
---
-->
<!--
@@ -19,7 +17,10 @@ date: 2018-10-11
<!--
The multi-zone cluster experience with persistent volumes is improving in Kubernetes 1.12 with the topology-aware dynamic provisioning beta feature. This feature allows Kubernetes to make intelligent decisions when dynamically provisioning volumes by getting scheduler input on the best place to provision a volume for a pod. In multi-zone clusters, this means that volumes will get provisioned in an appropriate zone that can run your pod, allowing you to easily deploy and scale your stateful workloads across failure domains to provide high availability and fault tolerance.
-->
通过提供拓扑感知动态卷供应功能，具有持久卷的多区域集群体验在 Kubernetes 1.12 中得到了改进。此功能使得 Kubernetes 在动态供应卷时能做出明智的决策，方法是从调度器获得为 Pod 提供数据卷的最佳位置。在多区域集群环境，这意味着数据卷能够在满足你的 Pod 运行需要的合适的区域被供应，从而允许您跨故障域轻松部署和扩展有状态工作负载，从而提供高可用性和容错能力。
@@ -29,7 +30,10 @@ The multi-zone cluster experience with persistent volumes is improving in Kubern
<!--
Before this feature, running stateful workloads with zonal persistent disks (such as AWS ElasticBlockStore, Azure Disk, GCE PersistentDisk) in multi-zone clusters had many challenges. Dynamic provisioning was handled independently from pod scheduling, which meant that as soon as you created a PersistentVolumeClaim (PVC), a volume would get provisioned. This meant that the provisioner had no knowledge of what pods were using the volume, and any pod constraints it had that could impact scheduling.
-->
在此功能被提供之前，在多区域集群中使用区域化的持久磁盘（例如 AWS ElasticBlockStore，Azure Disk，GCE PersistentDisk）运行有状态工作负载存在许多挑战。动态供应独立于 Pod 调度处理，这意味着只要您创建了一个 PersistentVolumeClaim（PVC），一个卷就会被供应。这也意味着供应者不知道哪些 Pod 正在使用该卷，也不清楚任何可能影响调度的 Pod 约束。
拓扑规范是通用的，并使用类似于基于标签的规范，如 Pod nodeSelectors 和 nodeAffinity。
该机制允许您定义自己的拓扑边界，例如内部部署集群中的机架，而无需修改调度程序以了解这些自定义拓扑。
该机制允许你定义自己的拓扑边界，例如内部部署集群中的机架，而无需修改调度程序以了解这些自定义拓扑。
<!--
In addition, the topology information is abstracted away from the pod specification, so a pod does not need knowledge of the underlying storage system’s topology characteristics. This means that you can use the same pod specification across multiple clusters, environments, and storage systems.
-->
此外，拓扑信息是从 Pod 规范中抽象出来的，因此 Pod 不需要了解底层存储系统的拓扑特征。
这意味着您可以在多个集群、环境和存储系统中使用相同的 Pod 规范。
这意味着你可以在多个集群、环境和存储系统中使用相同的 Pod 规范。
<!--
## Getting Started
@@ -107,7 +111,7 @@ In addition, the topology information is abstracted away from the pod specificat
<!--
To enable this feature, all you need to do is to create a StorageClass with `volumeBindingMode` set to `WaitForFirstConsumer`:
Afterwards, you can see that the volumes were provisioned in zones according to the policies set by the pod:
-->
之后，您可以看到根据 Pod 设置的策略在区域中配置卷：
之后，你可以看到根据 Pod 设置的策略在区域中配置卷：
```
$ kubectl get pv -o=jsonpath='{range .items[*]}{.spec.claimRef.name}{"\t"}{.metadata.labels.failure\-domain\.beta\.kubernetes\.io/zone}{"\n"}{end}'
@@ -228,12 +232,13 @@ logs-web-1 us-central1-a
<!--
Official documentation on the topology-aware dynamic provisioning feature is available here:https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/storage-classes/#volume-binding-mode
@@ -260,9 +265,16 @@ We are actively working on improving this feature to support:
<!--
If you have feedback for this feature or are interested in getting involved with the design and development, join the [Kubernetes Storage Special-Interest-Group](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/tree/master/sig-storage) (SIG). We’re rapidly growing and always welcome new contributors.
Special thanks to all the contributors that helped bring this feature to beta, including Cheng Xing ([verult](https://github.com/verult)), Chuqiang Li ([lichuqiang](https://github.com/lichuqiang)), David Zhu ([davidz627](https://github.com/davidz627)), Deep Debroy ([ddebroy](https://github.com/ddebroy)), Jan Šafránek ([jsafrane](https://github.com/jsafrane)), Jordan Liggitt ([liggitt](https://github.com/liggitt)), Michelle Au ([msau42](https://github.com/msau42)), Pengfei Ni ([feiskyer](https://github.com/feiskyer)), Saad Ali ([saad-ali](https://github.com/saad-ali)), Tim Hockin ([thockin](https://github.com/thockin)), and Yecheng Fu ([cofyc](https://github.com/cofyc)).
-->
特别感谢帮助推出此功能的所有贡献者，包括 Cheng Xing ([verult](https://github.com/verult))、Chuqiang Li ([lichuqiang](https://github.com/lichuqiang))、David Zhu ([davidz627](https://github.com/davidz627))、Deep Debroy ([ddebroy](https://github.com/ddebroy))、Jan Šafránek ([jsafrane](https://github.com/jsafrane))、Jordan Liggitt ([liggitt](https://github.com/liggitt))、Michelle Au ([msau42](https://github.com/msau42))、Pengfei Ni ([feiskyer](https://github.com/feiskyer))、Saad Ali ([saad-ali](https://github.com/saad-ali))、Tim Hockin ([thockin](https://github.com/thockin))，以及 Yecheng Fu ([cofyc](https://github.com/cofyc))。
We're pleased to announce the delivery of Kubernetes 1.18, our first release of 2020! Kubernetes 1.18 consists of 38 enhancements: 15 enhancements are moving to stable, 11 enhancements in beta, and 12 enhancements in alpha.
Kubernetes 1.18 is a "fit and finish" release. Significant work has gone into improving beta and stable features to ensure users have a better experience. An equal effort has gone into adding new developments and exciting new features that promise to enhance the user experience even more.
Having almost as many enhancements in alpha, beta, and stable is a great achievement. It shows the tremendous effort made by the community on improving the reliability of Kubernetes as well as continuing to expand its existing functionality.
@@ -39,17 +44,21 @@ Having almost as many enhancements in alpha, beta, and stable is a great achieve
<!--
A beta feature of Kubernetes in release 1.18, the [Topology Manager feature](https://github.com/nolancon/website/blob/f4200307260ea3234540ef13ed80de325e1a7267/content/en/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/topology-manager.md) enables NUMA alignment of CPU and devices (such as SR-IOV VFs) that will allow your workload to run in an environment optimized for low-latency. Prior to the introduction of the Topology Manager, the CPU and Device Manager would make resource allocation decisions independent of each other. This could result in undesirable allocations on multi-socket systems, causing degraded performance on latency critical applications.
-->
Kubernetes 在 1.18 版中的 Beta 阶段功能[拓扑管理器特性](https://github.com/nolancon/website/blob/f4200307260ea3234540ef13ed80de325e1a7267/content/en/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/topology-manager.md)启用 CPU 和设备（例如 SR-IOV VF）的 NUMA 对齐，这将使您的工作负载在针对低延迟而优化的环境中运行。在引入拓扑管理器之前，CPU 和设备管理器将做出彼此独立的资源分配决策。 这可能会导致在多处理器系统上非预期的资源分配结果，从而导致对延迟敏感的应用程序的性能下降。
CPU 和设备（例如 SR-IOV VF）的 NUMA 对齐，这将使你的工作负载在针对低延迟而优化的环境中运行。
在引入拓扑管理器之前，CPU 和设备管理器将做出彼此独立的资源分配决策。
这可能会导致在多处理器系统上非预期的资源分配结果，从而导致对延迟敏感的应用程序的性能下降。
<!--
### Serverside Apply Introduces Beta 2
-->
### Serverside Apply 推出Beta 2
### Serverside Apply 推出Beta 2
<!--
Server-side Apply was promoted to Beta in 1.16, but is now introducing a second Beta in 1.18. This new version will track and manage changes to fields of all new Kubernetes objects, allowing you to know what changed your resources and when.
In Kubernetes 1.18, there are two significant additions to Ingress: A new `pathType` field and a new `IngressClass` resource. The `pathType` field allows specifying how paths should be matched. In addition to the default `ImplementationSpecific` type, there are new `Exact` and `Prefix` path types.
The `IngressClass` resource is used to describe a type of Ingress within a Kubernetes cluster. Ingresses can specify the class they are associated with by using a new `ingressClassName` field on Ingresses. This new resource and field replace the deprecated `kubernetes.io/ingress.class` annotation.
@@ -75,7 +88,12 @@ The `IngressClass` resource is used to describe a type of Ingress within a Kuber
<!--
SIG-CLI was debating the need for a debug utility for quite some time already. With the development of [ephemeral containers](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/ephemeral-containers/), it became more obvious how we can support developers with tooling built on top of `kubectl exec`. The addition of the [`kubectl alpha debug` command](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-cli/20190805-kubectl-debug.md) (it is alpha but your feedback is more than welcome), allows developers to easily debug their Pods inside the cluster. We think this addition is invaluable. This command allows one to create a temporary container which runs next to the Pod one is trying to examine, but also attaches to the console for interactive troubleshooting.
The alpha version of CSI Proxy for Windows is being released with Kubernetes 1.18. CSI proxy enables CSI Drivers on Windows by allowing containers in Windows to perform privileged storage operations.
-->
用于 Windows 的 CSI 代理的 Alpha 版本随 Kubernetes 1.18 一起发布。CSI 代理通过允许Windows 中的容器执行特权存储操作来启用 Windows 上的 CSI 驱动程序。
@@ -158,7 +177,8 @@ The alpha version of CSI Proxy for Windows is being released with Kubernetes 1.1
<!--
Check out the full details of the Kubernetes 1.18 release in our [release notes](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.18.md).
@@ -169,7 +189,10 @@ Check out the full details of the Kubernetes 1.18 release in our [release notes]
<!--
Kubernetes 1.18 is available for download on [GitHub](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases/tag/v1.18.0). To get started with Kubernetes, check out these [interactive tutorials](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tutorials/) or run local Kubernetes clusters using Docker container “nodes” with [kind](https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/). You can also easily install 1.18 using [kubeadm](https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/independent/create-cluster-kubeadm/).
This release is made possible through the efforts of hundreds of individuals who contributed both technical and non-technical content. Special thanks to the [release team](https://github.com/kubernetes/sig-release/blob/master/releases/release-1.18/release_team.md) led by Jorge Alarcon Ochoa, Site Reliability Engineer at Searchable AI. The 34 release team members coordinated many aspects of the release, from documentation to testing, validation, and feature completeness.
As the Kubernetes community has grown, our release process represents an amazing demonstration of collaboration in open source software development. Kubernetes continues to gain new users at a rapid pace. This growth creates a positive feedback cycle where more contributors commit code creating a more vibrant ecosystem. Kubernetes has had over [40,000 individual contributors](https://k8s.devstats.cncf.io/d/24/overall-project-statistics?orgId=1) to date and an active community of more than 3,000 people.
@@ -204,7 +233,10 @@ As the Kubernetes community has grown, our release process represents an amazing
<!--
The LHC is the world’s largest and most powerful particle accelerator. It is the result of the collaboration of thousands of scientists from around the world, all for the advancement of science. In a similar manner, Kubernetes has been a project that has united thousands of contributors from hundreds of organizations – all to work towards the same goal of improving cloud computing in all aspects! "A Bit Quarky" as the release name is meant to remind us that unconventional ideas can bring about great change and keeping an open mind to diversity will lead help us innovate.
-->
LHC 是世界上最大，功能最强大的粒子加速器。它是由来自世界各地成千上万科学家合作的结果，所有这些合作都是为了促进科学的发展。以类似的方式，Kubernetes 已经成为一个聚集了来自数百个组织的数千名贡献者–所有人都朝着在各个方面改善云计算的相同目标努力的项目！ 发布名称“ A Bit Quarky” 的意思是提醒我们，非常规的想法可以带来巨大的变化，对开放性保持开放态度将有助于我们进行创新。
发布名称 “A Bit Quarky” 的意思是提醒我们，非常规的想法可以带来巨大的变化，对开放性保持开放态度将有助于我们进行创新。
<!--
@@ -215,7 +247,9 @@ LHC 是世界上最大，功能最强大的粒子加速器。它是由来自世
<!--
Maru Lango is a designer currently based in Mexico City. While her area of expertise is Product Design, she also enjoys branding, illustration and visual experiments using CSS + JS and contributing to diversity efforts within the tech and design communities. You may find her in most social media as @marulango or check her website: https://marulango.com
- Zendesk is using Kubernetes to [run around 70% of its existing applications](https://www.cncf.io/case-study/zendesk/). It’s also building all new applications to also run on Kubernetes, which has brought time savings, greater flexibility, and increased velocity to its application development.
- LifeMiles has [reduced infrastructure spending by 50%](https://www.cncf.io/case-study/lifemiles/) because of its move to Kubernetes. It has also allowed them to double its available resource capacity.
- The CNCF published the results of its [annual survey](https://www.cncf.io/blog/2020/03/04/2019-cncf-survey-results-are-here-deployments-are-growing-in-size-and-speed-as-cloud-native-adoption-becomes-mainstream/) showing that Kubernetes usage in production is skyrocketing. The survey found that 78% of respondents are using Kubernetes in production compared to 58% last year.
- The “Introduction to Kubernetes” course hosted by the CNCF [surpassed 100,000 registrations](https://www.cncf.io/announcement/2020/01/28/cloud-native-computing-foundation-announces-introduction-to-kubernetes-course-surpasses-100000-registrations/).
The CNCF has continued refining DevStats, an ambitious project to visualize the myriad contributions that go into the project. [K8s DevStats](https://k8s.devstats.cncf.io/d/12/dashboards?orgId=1) illustrates the breakdown of contributions from major company contributors, as well as an impressive set of preconfigured reports on everything from individual contributors to pull request lifecycle times.
This past quarter, 641 different companies and over 6,409 individuals contributed to Kubernetes. [Check out DevStats](https://k8s.devstats.cncf.io/d/11/companies-contributing-in-repository-groups?orgId=1&var-period=m&var-repogroup_name=All) to learn more about the overall velocity of the Kubernetes project and community.
@@ -266,7 +308,8 @@ This past quarter, 641 different companies and over 6,409 individuals contribute
<!--
Kubecon + CloudNativeCon EU 2020 is being pushed back – for the more most up-to-date information, please check the [Novel Coronavirus Update page](https://events.linuxfoundation.org/kubecon-cloudnativecon-europe/attend/novel-coronavirus-update/).
-->
Kubecon + CloudNativeCon EU 2020 已经推迟 - 有关最新信息，请查看[新型肺炎发布页面](https://events.linuxfoundation.org/kubecon-cloudnativecon-europe/attend/novel-coronavirus-update/)。
Join members of the Kubernetes 1.18 release team on April 23rd, 2020 to learn about the major features in this release including kubectl debug, Topography Manager, Ingress to V1 graduation, and client-go. Register here: https://www.cncf.io/webinars/kubernetes-1-18/.
@@ -286,7 +331,9 @@ Join members of the Kubernetes 1.18 release team on April 23rd, 2020 to learn ab
<!--
The simplest way to get involved with Kubernetes is by joining one of the many [Special Interest Groups](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/sig-list.md) (SIGs) that align with your interests. Have something you’d like to broadcast to the Kubernetes community? Share your voice at our weekly [community meeting](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/tree/master/communication), and through the channels below. Thank you for your continued feedback and support.
Blocking a user prevents them from interacting with repositories, such as opening or commenting on pull requests or issues. Learn more about blocking a user.
Kubernetes Prow Robot