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website/content/zh/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/service-access-application-cluster.md
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Zach Corleissen abcee2dccd Update localization guidelines (#10485)
* Update localization guidelines for language labels

Continuing work

Continuing work

Continuing work

More work in progress

Add local OWNERS folders

Add an OWNERS file to Chinese

Remove shortcode for repos

Add Japanese

Alphabetize languages, change weights accordingly

More updates

Add Korean in Korean

Add English to languageName

Feedback from gochist

Move Chinese content from cn/ to zh/

Move OWNERS from cn/ to zh/

Resolve merge conflicts by updating from master

Add files back in to prep for resolution

After rebase on upstream/master, remove files

Review and update localization guidelines

Feedback from gochist, tnir, cstoku

Add a trailing newline to content/ja/OWNERS

Add a trailing newline to content/zh/OWNERS

Drop requirement for GH repo project

Clarify language about forks/branches

Edits and typos

Remove a shortcode specific to a multi-repo language setup

Update aliases and owners

Add explicit OWNERS for content/en

Migrate content from Chinese repo, update regex in config.toml

Remove untranslated strings

Add trailing newline to content/en/OWNERS

Add trailing newlines to OWNERS files

add Jaguar project description (#10433)

* add Jaguar project description

[Jaguar](https://gitlab.com/sdnlab/jaguar) is an open source solution for Kubernetes's network based on OpenDaylight.
Jaguar provides overlay network using vxlan and Jaguar CNIPlugin provides one IP address per pod.

* Minor newline tweak

blog post for azure vmss (#10538)

Add microk8s to pick-right-solution.md (#10542)

* Add microk8s to pick-right-solution.md

Microk8s is a single-command installation of upstream Kubernetes on any Linux and should be included in the list of local-machine solutions.

* capitalized Istio

Add microk8s to foundational.md (#10543)

* Add microk8s to foundational.md

Adding microk8s as credible and stable alternative to get started with Kubernetes on a local machine. This is especially attractive for those not wanting to incur the overhead of running a VM for a local cluster.

* Update foundational.md

Thank you for your suggestions! LMK if this works now?

* Rewrote first paragraph

And included a bullet list of features of microk8s

* Copyedit

fix typo (#10545)

Fix the kubectl subcommands links. (#10550)

Signed-off-by: William Zhang <warmchang@outlook.com>

Fix command issue (#10515)

Signed-off-by: mooncake <xcoder@tenxcloud.com>

remove imported community files per issue 10184 (#10501)

networking.md: Markdown fix (#10498)

Fix front matter, federation command-line tools (#10500)

Clean up glossary entry (#10399)

update slack link (#10536)

typo in StatefulSet docs (#10558)

fix discription about horizontal pod autoscale (#10557)

Remove redundant symbols (#10556)

Fix issue #10520 (#10554)

Signed-off-by: William Zhang <warmchang@outlook.com>

Update api-concepts.md (#10534)

Revert "Fix command issue (#10515)"

This reverts commit c02a7fb9f9.

Update memory-constraint-namespace.md (#10530)

update memory request to 100MiB corresponding the yaml content

Blog: Introducing Volume Snapshot Alpha for Kubernetes (#10562)

* blog post for azure vmss

* snapshot blog post

Resolve merge conflicts in OWNERS*

Minor typo fix (#10567)

Not sure what's supposed to be here, proposing removing it.

* Feedback from gochist

Tweaks to feedback

* Feedback from ClaudiaJKang
2018-10-12 14:25:01 -07:00

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title: 使用服务来访问集群中的应用 content_template: templates/tutorial weight: 60

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本文展示如何创建一个 Kubernetes 服务对象,能让外部客户端访问在集群中运行的应用。该服务为一个应用的两个运行实例提供负载均衡。

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{{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{< version-check >}}

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  • 运行 Hello World 应用的两个实例。
  • 创建一个服务对象来暴露一个 node port。
  • 使用服务对象来访问正在运行的应用。

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为运行在两个 pod 中的应用创建一个服务:

  1. 在您的集群中运行一个 Hello World 应用:
    kubectl run hello-world --replicas=2 --labels="run=load-balancer-example" --image=gcr.io/google-samples/node-hello:1.0  --port=8080
    
上面的命令创建一个 [Deployment](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) 对象和一个关联的 [ReplicaSet](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset/) 对象。这个 ReplicaSet 有两个 [Pod](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/),每个 Pod 都运行着 Hello World 应用。
  1. 展示 Deployment 的信息:
    kubectl get deployments hello-world
    kubectl describe deployments hello-world
    
  1. 展示您的 ReplicaSet 对象信息:
    kubectl get replicasets
    kubectl describe replicasets
    
  1. 创建一个服务对象来暴露 deployment
    kubectl expose deployment hello-world --type=NodePort --name=example-service
    
  1. 展示服务信息:
    kubectl describe services example-service
    

输出类似于:

Name:                   example-service
Namespace:              default
Labels:                 run=load-balancer-example
Annotations:            <none>
Selector:               run=load-balancer-example
Type:                   NodePort
IP:                     10.32.0.16
Port:                   <unset> 8080/TCP
TargetPort:             8080/TCP
NodePort:               <unset> 31496/TCP
Endpoints:              10.200.1.4:8080,10.200.2.5:8080
Session Affinity:       None
Events:                 <none>

注意服务中的 NodePort 值。例如在上面的输出中,NodePort 是 31496。

  1. 列出运行 Hello World 应用的 pod
    kubectl get pods --selector="run=load-balancer-example" --output=wide
    

输出类似于:

NAME                           READY   STATUS    ...  IP           NODE
hello-world-2895499144-bsbk5   1/1     Running   ...  10.200.1.4   worker1
hello-world-2895499144-m1pwt   1/1     Running   ...  10.200.2.5   worker2
  1. 获取运行 Hello World 的 pod 的其中一个节点的公共 IP 地址。如何获得此地址取决于您设置集群的方式。 例如,如果您使用的是 Minikube,则可以通过运行 kubectl cluster-info 来查看节点地址。 如果您使用的是 Google Compute Engine 实例,则可以使用 gcloud compute instances list 命令查看节点的公共地址。

  2. 在您选择的节点上,创建一个防火墙规则以开放 node port 上的 TCP 流量。 例如,如果您的服务的 NodePort 值为 31568,请创建一个防火墙规则以允许 31568 端口上的 TCP 流量。 不同的云提供商提供了不同方法来配置防火墙规则。

  3. 使用节点地址和 node port 来访问 Hello World 应用:

    curl http://<public-node-ip>:<node-port>
    

这里的 <public-node-ip> 是您节点的公共 IP 地址,<node-port> 是您服务的 NodePort 值。 对于请求成功的响应是一个 hello 消息:

Hello Kubernetes!

使用服务配置文件

作为 kubectl expose 的替代方法,您可以使用 服务配置文件 来创建服务。

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想要删除服务,输入以下命令:

kubectl delete services example-service

想要删除运行 Hello World 应用的 Deployment、ReplicaSet 和 Pod,输入以下命令:

kubectl delete deployment hello-world

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学习更多关于如何 通过服务连接应用。 {{% /capture %}}