---
reviewers:
- soltysh
- sttts
- ericchiang
content_type: concept
title: 使用 Falco 审计
---
<!--
---
reviewers:
- soltysh
- sttts
- ericchiang
content_type: concept
title: Auditing with Falco
---
-->
<!-- overview -->
<!--
### Use Falco to collect audit events
-->
### 使用 Falco 采集审计事件

<!--
[Falco](https://falco.org/) is an open source project for intrusion and abnormality detection for Cloud Native platforms.
This section describes how to set up Falco, how to send audit events to the Kubernetes Audit endpoint exposed by Falco, and how Falco applies a set of rules to automatically detect suspicious behavior.
-->
[Falco](https://falco.org/)是一个开源项目，用于为云原生平台提供入侵和异常检测。本节介绍如何设置 Falco、如何将审计事件发送到 Falco 公开的 Kubernetes Audit 端点、以及 Falco 如何应用一组规则来自动检测可疑行为。



<!-- body -->

<!--
#### Install Falco
-->
#### 安装 Falco

<!--
Install Falco by using one of the following methods:
-->
使用以下方法安装 Falco ：

<!--
- [Standalone Falco][falco_installation]
- [Kubernetes DaemonSet][falco_installation]
- [Falco Helm Chart][falco_helm_chart]
-->
- [独立安装 Falco][falco_installation]
- [Kubernetes DaemonSet][falco_installation]
- [Falco Helm Chart][falco_helm_chart]

<!--
Once Falco is installed make sure it is configured to expose the Audit webhook. To do so, use the following configuration:
-->
安装完成 Falco 后，请确保将其配置为公开 Audit Webhook。为此，请使用以下配置：

```yaml
webserver:
   enabled: true
   listen_port: 8765
   k8s_audit_endpoint: /k8s_audit
   ssl_enabled: false
   ssl_certificate: /etc/falco/falco.pem
```

<!--
This configuration is typically found in the `/etc/falco/falco.yaml` file. If Falco is installed as a Kubernetes DaemonSet, edit the `falco-config` ConfigMap and add this configuration.
-->
此配置通常位于 `/etc/falco/falco.yaml` 文件中。如果 Falco 作为 Kubernetes DaemonSet 安装，请编辑 `falco-config` ConfigMap 并添加此配置。
<!--
#### Configure Kubernetes Audit
-->
#### 配置 Kubernetes 审计

<!--
1. Create a [kubeconfig file](/docs/concepts/configuration/organize-cluster-access-kubeconfig/) for the [kube-apiserver][kube-apiserver] webhook audit backend.

        cat <<EOF > /etc/kubernetes/audit-webhook-kubeconfig
        apiVersion: v1
        kind: Config
        clusters:
        - cluster:
            server: http://<ip_of_falco>:8765/k8s_audit
          name: falco
        contexts:
        - context:
            cluster: falco
            user: ""
          name: default-context
        current-context: default-context
        preferences: {}
        users: []
        EOF
-->
1. 为 [kube-apiserver][kube-apiserver] webhook 审计后端创建一个[kubeconfig](/docs/concepts/configuration/organize-cluster-access-kubeconfig/)文件。

        cat <<EOF > /etc/kubernetes/audit-webhook-kubeconfig
        apiVersion: v1
        kind: Config
        clusters:
        - cluster:
            server: http://<ip_of_falco>:8765/k8s_audit
          name: falco
        contexts:
        - context:
            cluster: falco
            user: ""
          name: default-context
        current-context: default-context
        preferences: {}
        users: []
        EOF
<!--
1. Start [kube-apiserver][kube-apiserver] with the following options:

    ```shell
    --audit-policy-file=/etc/kubernetes/audit-policy.yaml --audit-webhook-config-file=/etc/kubernetes/audit-webhook-kubeconfig
    ```
-->
2. 使用以下选项启动 [kube-apiserver][kube-apiserver]：

    ```shell
    --audit-policy-file=/etc/kubernetes/audit-policy.yaml --audit-webhook-config-file=/etc/kubernetes/audit-webhook-kubeconfig
    ```
<!--
#### Audit Rules
-->
#### 审计规则

<!--
Rules devoted to Kubernetes Audit Events can be found in [k8s_audit_rules.yaml][falco_k8s_audit_rules]. If Audit Rules is installed as a native package or using the official Docker images, Falco copies the rules file to `/etc/falco/`, so they are available for use.

There are three classes of rules.

The first class of rules looks for suspicious or exceptional activities, such as:
-->

专门用于 Kubernetes 审计事件的规则可以在 [k8s_audit_rules.yaml][falco_k8s_audit_rules] 中找到。如果审计规则是作为本机软件包安装或使用官方 Docker 镜像安装的，则 Falco 会将规则文件复制到 `/etc/falco/` 中以便使用。

共有三类规则。

第一类规则用于查找可疑或异常活动，例如：

<!--
- Any activity by an unauthorized or anonymous user.
- Creating a pod with an unknown or disallowed image.
- Creating a privileged pod, a pod mounting a sensitive filesystem from the host, or a pod using host networking.
- Creating a NodePort service.
- Creating a ConfigMap containing private credentials, such as passwords and cloud provider secrets.
- Attaching to or executing a command on a running pod.
- Creating a namespace external to a set of allowed namespaces.
- Creating a pod or service account in the kube-system or kube-public namespaces.
- Trying to modify or delete a system ClusterRole.
- Creating a ClusterRoleBinding to the cluster-admin role.
- Creating a ClusterRole with wildcarded verbs or resources. For example,  overly permissive.
- Creating a ClusterRole with write permissions or a ClusterRole that can execute commands on pods.
-->
-未经授权或匿名用户的任何活动。
-创建使用未知或不允许的镜像的 pod。
-创建特权 Pod，从主机安装敏感文件系统的 Pod 或使用主机网络的 Pod。
-创建 NodePort 服务。
-创建包含私有证书（例如密码和云提供商 secrets ）的 ConfigMap。
-在正在运行的 Pod 上附加或执行命令。
-在一组允许的名称空间之外创建一个名称空间。
-在 kube-system 或 kube-public 命名空间中创建 pod 或服务帐户。
-尝试修改或删除系统 ClusterRole。
-创建一个 ClusterRoleBinding 到 cluster-admin 角色。
-创建 ClusterRole 时在动词或资源中使用通配符。 例如，过度赋权。
-创建具有写权限的 ClusterRole 或可以在 Pod 上执行命令的 ClusterRole。

<!--
A second class of rules tracks resources being created or destroyed, including:

- Deployments
- Services
- ConfigMaps
- Namespaces
- Service accounts
- Role/ClusterRoles
- Role/ClusterRoleBindings
-->
第二类规则跟踪正在创建或销毁的资源，包括：

- Deployments
- Services
- ConfigMaps
- Namespaces
- Service accounts
- Role/ClusterRoles
- Role/ClusterRoleBindings

<!--
The final class of rules simply displays any Audit Event received by Falco. This rule is disabled by default, as it can be quite noisy.

For further details, see [Kubernetes Audit Events][falco_ka_docs] in the Falco documentation.
-->

最后一类规则仅负责显示 Falco 收到的所有审核事件。默认情况下，此规则是禁用的，因为它可能会很吵。

有关更多详细信息，请参阅 Falco 文档中的[Kubernetes审计事件][falco_ka_docs]。

<!--
[kube-apiserver]: /docs/admin/kube-apiserver
[auditing-proposal]: https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/design-proposals/api-machinery/auditing.md
[auditing-api]: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/{{< param "githubbranch" >}}/staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/audit/v1/types.go
[gce-audit-profile]: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/{{< param "githubbranch" >}}/cluster/gce/gci/configure-helper.sh#L735
[kubeconfig]: /docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/configure-access-multiple-clusters/
[fluentd]: http://www.fluentd.org/
[fluentd_install_doc]: https://docs.fluentd.org/v1.0/articles/quickstart#step-1:-installing-fluentd
[fluentd_plugin_management_doc]: https://docs.fluentd.org/v1.0/articles/plugin-management
[logstash]: https://www.elastic.co/products/logstash
[logstash_install_doc]: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/installing-logstash.html
[kube-aggregator]: /docs/concepts/api-extension/apiserver-aggregation
[falco_website]: https://www.falco.org
[falco_k8s_audit_rules]: https://github.com/falcosecurity/falco/blob/master/rules/k8s_audit_rules.yaml
[falco_ka_docs]: https://falco.org/docs/event-sources/kubernetes-audit
[falco_installation]: https://falco.org/docs/installation
[falco_helm_chart]: https://github.com/helm/charts/tree/master/stable/falco
-->
[kube-apiserver]: /docs/admin/kube-apiserver
[auditing-proposal]: https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/design-proposals/api-machinery/auditing.md
[auditing-api]: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/{{< param "githubbranch" >}}/staging/src/k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/audit/v1/types.go
[gce-audit-profile]: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/{{< param "githubbranch" >}}/cluster/gce/gci/configure-helper.sh#L735
[kubeconfig]: /docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/configure-access-multiple-clusters/
[fluentd]: http://www.fluentd.org/
[fluentd_install_doc]: https://docs.fluentd.org/v1.0/articles/quickstart#step-1:-installing-fluentd
[fluentd_plugin_management_doc]: https://docs.fluentd.org/v1.0/articles/plugin-management
[logstash]: https://www.elastic.co/products/logstash
[logstash_install_doc]: https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/installing-logstash.html
[kube-aggregator]: /docs/concepts/api-extension/apiserver-aggregation
[falco_website]: https://www.falco.org
[falco_k8s_audit_rules]: https://github.com/falcosecurity/falco/blob/master/rules/k8s_audit_rules.yaml
[falco_ka_docs]: https://falco.org/docs/event-sources/kubernetes-audit
[falco_installation]: https://falco.org/docs/installation
[falco_helm_chart]: https://github.com/falcosecurity/charts/tree/master/falco