Various manual fixes for syntax highlighting and lists; much prettier docs ensue.
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@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
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---
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title: "Considerations for running multiple Kubernetes clusters"
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---
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You may want to set up multiple Kubernetes clusters, both to
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have clusters in different regions to be nearer to your users, and to tolerate failures and/or invasive maintenance.
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This document describes some of the issues to consider when making a decision about doing so.
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@@ -15,7 +14,9 @@ we [plan to do this in the future](../proposals/federation).
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On IaaS providers such as Google Compute Engine or Amazon Web Services, a VM exists in a
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[zone](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/zones) or [availability
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zone](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-regions-availability-zones).
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We suggest that all the VMs in a Kubernetes cluster should be in the same availability zone, because:
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- compared to having a single global Kubernetes cluster, there are fewer single-points of failure
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- compared to a cluster that spans availability zones, it is easier to reason about the availability properties of a
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single-zone cluster.
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@@ -24,12 +25,14 @@ We suggest that all the VMs in a Kubernetes cluster should be in the same availa
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It is okay to have multiple clusters per availability zone, though on balance we think fewer is better.
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Reasons to prefer fewer clusters are:
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- improved bin packing of Pods in some cases with more nodes in one cluster (less resource fragmentation)
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- reduced operational overhead (though the advantage is diminished as ops tooling and processes matures)
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- reduced costs for per-cluster fixed resource costs, e.g. apiserver VMs (but small as a percentage
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of overall cluster cost for medium to large clusters).
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Reasons to have multiple clusters include:
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- strict security policies requiring isolation of one class of work from another (but, see Partitioning Clusters
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below).
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- test clusters to canary new Kubernetes releases or other cluster software.
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