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---
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title: Installing Addons
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content_template: templates/concept
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content_type: concept
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---
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{{% capture overview %}}
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<!-- overview -->
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Add-ons extend the functionality of Kubernetes.
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@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ This page lists some of the available add-ons and links to their respective inst
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Add-ons in each section are sorted alphabetically - the ordering does not imply any preferential status.
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## Networking and Network Policy
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@@ -55,4 +55,4 @@ There are several other add-ons documented in the deprecated [cluster/addons](ht
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Well-maintained ones should be linked to here. PRs welcome!
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---
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title: Certificates
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content_type: concept
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weight: 20
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---
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When using client certificate authentication, you can generate certificates
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manually through `easyrsa`, `openssl` or `cfssl`.
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### easyrsa
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@@ -249,4 +249,4 @@ You can use the `certificates.k8s.io` API to provision
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x509 certificates to use for authentication as documented
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[here](/docs/tasks/tls/managing-tls-in-a-cluster).
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---
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title: Cloud Providers
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content_template: templates/concept
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content_type: concept
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weight: 30
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---
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{{% capture overview %}}
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<!-- overview -->
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This page explains how to manage Kubernetes running on a specific
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cloud provider.
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### kubeadm
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[kubeadm](/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm/) is a popular option for creating kubernetes clusters.
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kubeadm has configuration options to specify configuration information for cloud providers. For example a typical
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@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ Kubernetes network plugin and should appear in the `[Route]` section of the
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[kubenet]: /docs/concepts/cluster-administration/network-plugins/#kubenet
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## OVirt
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@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ reviewers:
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- davidopp
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- lavalamp
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title: Cluster Administration Overview
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content_template: templates/concept
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content_type: concept
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weight: 10
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---
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The cluster administration overview is for anyone creating or administering a Kubernetes cluster.
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It assumes some familiarity with core Kubernetes [concepts](/docs/concepts/).
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<!-- body -->
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## Planning a cluster
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See the guides in [Setup](/docs/setup/) for examples of how to plan, set up, and configure Kubernetes clusters. The solutions listed in this article are called *distros*.
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@@ -68,6 +68,6 @@ Note: Not all distros are actively maintained. Choose distros which have been te
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* [Logging and Monitoring Cluster Activity](/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/logging/) explains how logging in Kubernetes works and how to implement it.
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---
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title: API Priority and Fairness
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content_template: templates/concept
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content_type: concept
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min-kubernetes-server-version: v1.18
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---
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{{< feature-state state="alpha" for_k8s_version="v1.18" >}}
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@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ the `--max-requests-inflight` flag without the API Priority and
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Fairness feature enabled.
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{{< /caution >}}
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## Enabling API Priority and Fairness
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@@ -366,13 +366,13 @@ poorly-behaved workloads that may be harming system health.
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request and the PriorityLevel to which it was assigned.
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## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
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For background information on design details for API priority and fairness, see
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the [enhancement proposal](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-api-machinery/20190228-priority-and-fairness.md).
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You can make suggestions and feature requests via [SIG API
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Machinery](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/tree/master/sig-api-machinery).
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---
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reviewers:
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title: Configuring kubelet Garbage Collection
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content_template: templates/concept
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content_type: concept
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weight: 70
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---
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Garbage collection is a helpful function of kubelet that will clean up unused images and unused containers. Kubelet will perform garbage collection for containers every minute and garbage collection for images every five minutes.
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External garbage collection tools are not recommended as these tools can potentially break the behavior of kubelet by removing containers expected to exist.
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## Image Collection
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@@ -77,10 +77,11 @@ Including:
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| `--low-diskspace-threshold-mb` | `--eviction-hard` or `eviction-soft` | eviction generalizes disk thresholds to other resources |
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| `--outofdisk-transition-frequency` | `--eviction-pressure-transition-period` | eviction generalizes disk pressure transition to other resources |
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## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
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See [Configuring Out Of Resource Handling](/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/out-of-resource/) for more details.
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@@ -3,20 +3,20 @@ reviewers:
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- piosz
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- x13n
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title: Logging Architecture
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content_template: templates/concept
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content_type: concept
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weight: 60
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---
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{{% capture overview %}}
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Application and systems logs can help you understand what is happening inside your cluster. The logs are particularly useful for debugging problems and monitoring cluster activity. Most modern applications have some kind of logging mechanism; as such, most container engines are likewise designed to support some kind of logging. The easiest and most embraced logging method for containerized applications is to write to the standard output and standard error streams.
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However, the native functionality provided by a container engine or runtime is usually not enough for a complete logging solution. For example, if a container crashes, a pod is evicted, or a node dies, you'll usually still want to access your application's logs. As such, logs should have a separate storage and lifecycle independent of nodes, pods, or containers. This concept is called _cluster-level-logging_. Cluster-level logging requires a separate backend to store, analyze, and query logs. Kubernetes provides no native storage solution for log data, but you can integrate many existing logging solutions into your Kubernetes cluster.
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Cluster-level logging architectures are described in assumption that
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a logging backend is present inside or outside of your cluster. If you're
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@@ -267,4 +267,4 @@ You can implement cluster-level logging by exposing or pushing logs directly fro
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every application; however, the implementation for such a logging mechanism
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is outside the scope of Kubernetes.
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reviewers:
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- janetkuo
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title: Managing Resources
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content_template: templates/concept
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content_type: concept
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weight: 40
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---
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You've deployed your application and exposed it via a service. Now what? Kubernetes provides a number of tools to help you manage your application deployment, including scaling and updating. Among the features that we will discuss in more depth are [configuration files](/docs/concepts/configuration/overview/) and [labels](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/).
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## Organizing resource configurations
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@@ -449,11 +449,12 @@ kubectl edit deployment/my-nginx
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That's it! The Deployment will declaratively update the deployed nginx application progressively behind the scene. It ensures that only a certain number of old replicas may be down while they are being updated, and only a certain number of new replicas may be created above the desired number of pods. To learn more details about it, visit [Deployment page](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/).
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## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
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- Learn about [how to use `kubectl` for application introspection and debugging](/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-application-introspection/).
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- See [Configuration Best Practices and Tips](/docs/concepts/configuration/overview/).
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@@ -4,21 +4,21 @@ reviewers:
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- brancz
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- logicalhan
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- RainbowMango
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content_template: templates/concept
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content_type: concept
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weight: 60
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aliases:
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- controller-metrics.md
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---
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{{% capture overview %}}
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System component metrics can give a better look into what is happening inside them. Metrics are particularly useful for building dashboards and alerts.
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Metrics in Kubernetes control plane are emitted in [prometheus format](https://prometheus.io/docs/instrumenting/exposition_formats/) and are human readable.
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## Metrics in Kubernetes
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cloudprovider_gce_api_request_duration_seconds { request = "list_disk"}
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```
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## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
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* Read about the [Prometheus text format](https://github.com/prometheus/docs/blob/master/content/docs/instrumenting/exposition_formats.md#text-based-format) for metrics
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* See the list of [stable Kubernetes metrics](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/test/instrumentation/testdata/stable-metrics-list.yaml)
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* Read about the [Kubernetes deprecation policy](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/using-api/deprecation-policy/#deprecating-a-feature-or-behavior )
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reviewers:
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- thockin
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title: Cluster Networking
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weight: 50
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Networking is a central part of Kubernetes, but it can be challenging to
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understand exactly how it is expected to work. There are 4 distinct networking
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problems to address:
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3. Pod-to-Service communications: this is covered by [services](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/).
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4. External-to-Service communications: this is covered by [services](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/).
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Kubernetes is all about sharing machines between applications. Typically,
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sharing machines requires ensuring that two applications do not try to use the
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@@ -312,12 +312,13 @@ Weave Net runs as a [CNI plug-in](https://www.weave.works/docs/net/latest/cni-pl
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or stand-alone. In either version, it doesn't require any configuration or extra code
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to run, and in both cases, the network provides one IP address per pod - as is standard for Kubernetes.
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## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
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The early design of the networking model and its rationale, and some future
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plans are described in more detail in the [networking design
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document](https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/design-proposals/network/networking.md).
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---
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title: Proxies in Kubernetes
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content_template: templates/concept
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content_type: concept
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weight: 90
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This page explains proxies used with Kubernetes.
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## Proxies
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Proxies have replaced redirect capabilities. Redirects have been deprecated.
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