[zh] Fix links in concepts section (6)
This commit is contained in:
@@ -1,11 +1,16 @@
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---
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reviewers:
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- tallclair
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- dchen1107
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title: 容器运行时类(Runtime Class)
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content_type: concept
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weight: 20
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---
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<!--
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reviewers:
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- tallclair
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- dchen1107
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title: Runtime Class
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content_type: concept
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weight: 20
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-->
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<!-- overview -->
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@@ -13,26 +18,19 @@ weight: 20
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<!--
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This page describes the RuntimeClass resource and runtime selection mechanism.
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-->
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本页面描述了 RuntimeClass 资源和运行时的选择机制。
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<!--
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RuntimeClass is a feature for selecting the container runtime configuration. The container runtime
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configuration is used to run a Pod's containers.
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-->
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本页面描述了 RuntimeClass 资源和运行时的选择机制。
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RuntimeClass 是一个用于选择容器运行时配置的特性,容器运行时配置用于运行 Pod 中的容器。
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<!-- body -->
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<!--
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## Motivation
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-->
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## 动机
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<!--
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You can set a different RuntimeClass between different Pods to provide a balance of
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performance versus security. For example, if part of your workload deserves a high
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level of information security assurance, you might choose to schedule those Pods so
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@@ -40,37 +38,37 @@ that they run in a container runtime that uses hardware virtualization. You'd th
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benefit from the extra isolation of the alternative runtime, at the expense of some
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additional overhead.
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-->
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您可以在不同的 pod 之间设置不同的 RuntimeClass,以提供性能与安全性之间的平衡。
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例如,如果您的部分工作负载需要高级别的信息安全保证,那么您可以选择性地调度这些 pod,
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使它们在使用硬件虚拟化的容器运行时中运行。
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然后,您将从可选运行时的额外隔离中获益,代价是一些额外的开销。
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## 动机 {#motivation}
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你可以在不同的 Pod 设置不同的 RuntimeClass,以提供性能与安全性之间的平衡。
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例如,如果你的部分工作负载需要高级别的信息安全保证,你可以决定在调度这些 Pod
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时尽量使它们在使用硬件虚拟化的容器运行时中运行。
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这样,你将从这些不同运行时所提供的额外隔离中获益,代价是一些额外的开销。
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<!--
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You can also use RuntimeClass to run different Pods with the same container runtime
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but with different settings.
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-->
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您还可以使用 RuntimeClass 运行具有相同容器运行时但具有不同设置的pod。
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你还可以使用 RuntimeClass 运行具有相同容器运行时但具有不同设置的 Pod。
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<!--
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## Setup
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-->
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## 设置
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<!--
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Ensure the RuntimeClass feature gate is enabled (it is by default). See [Feature
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Gates](/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/feature-gates/) for an explanation of enabling
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feature gates. The `RuntimeClass` feature gate must be enabled on apiservers _and_ kubelets.
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-->
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## 设置 {#setup}
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确保 RuntimeClass 特性开关处于开启状态(默认为开启状态)。
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关于特性开关的详细介绍,请查阅
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[Feature Gates](/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/feature-gates/)。
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`RuntimeClass` 特性开关必须在 apiserver 和 kubelet 同时开启。
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关于特性开关的详细介绍,请参阅
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[特性门控](/zh/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/feature-gates/)。
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`RuntimeClass` 特性开关必须在 API 服务器和 kubelet 端同时开启。
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<!--
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1. Configure the CRI implementation on nodes (runtime dependent)
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2. Create the corresponding RuntimeClass resources
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-->
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1. 在节点上配置 CRI 的实现(取决于所选用的运行时)
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2. 创建相应的 RuntimeClass 资源
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@@ -87,11 +85,12 @@ CRI implementation for how to configure.
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RuntimeClass 的配置依赖于 运行时接口(CRI)的实现。
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根据你使用的 CRI 实现,查阅相关的文档([下方](#cri-configuration))来了解如何配置。
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{{< note >}}
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<!--
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RuntimeClass assumes a homogeneous node configuration across the cluster by default (which means
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that all nodes are configured the same way with respect to container runtimes). To support
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heterogenous node configurations, see [Scheduling](#scheduling) below.-->
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heterogenous node configurations, see [Scheduling](#scheduling) below.
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-->
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{{< note >}}
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RuntimeClass 假设集群中的节点配置是同构的(换言之,所有的节点在容器运行时方面的配置是相同的)。
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如果需要支持异构节点,配置方法请参阅下面的 [调度](#scheduling)。
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{{< /note >}}
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@@ -105,13 +104,12 @@ handler 必须符合 DNS-1123 命名规范(字母、数字、或 `-`)。
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<!--
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### 2. Create the corresponding RuntimeClass resources
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-->
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### 2. 创建相应的 RuntimeClass 资源
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<!--
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The configurations setup in step 1 should each have an associated `handler` name, which identifies
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the configuration. For each handler, create a corresponding RuntimeClass object.
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-->
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### 2. 创建相应的 RuntimeClass 资源
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在上面步骤 1 中,每个配置都需要有一个用于标识配置的 `handler`。
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针对每个 handler 需要创建一个 RuntimeClass 对象。
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@@ -123,31 +121,32 @@ RuntimeClass 资源当前只有两个重要的字段:RuntimeClass 名 (`metada
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对象定义如下所示:
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```yaml
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apiVersion: node.k8s.io/v1beta1 # RuntimeClass is defined in the node.k8s.io API group
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apiVersion: node.k8s.io/v1beta1 # RuntimeClass 定义于 node.k8s.io API 组
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kind: RuntimeClass
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metadata:
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name: myclass # The name the RuntimeClass will be referenced by
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# RuntimeClass is a non-namespaced resource
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handler: myconfiguration # The name of the corresponding CRI configuration
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name: myclass # 用来引用 RuntimeClass 的名字
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# RuntimeClass 是一个集群层面的资源
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handler: myconfiguration # 对应的 CRI 配置的名称
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```
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{{< note >}}
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<!--
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It is recommended that RuntimeClass write operations (create/update/patch/delete) be
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restricted to the cluster administrator. This is typically the default. See [Authorization
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Overview](/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authorization/) for more details.-->建议将 RuntimeClass 写操作(create、update、patch 和 delete)限定于集群管理员使用。
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通常这是默认配置。参阅[授权概述](/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authorization/)了解更多信息。
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Overview](/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authorization/) for more details.
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-->
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{{< note >}}
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建议将 RuntimeClass 写操作(create、update、patch 和 delete)限定于集群管理员使用。
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通常这是默认配置。参阅[授权概述](/zh/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authorization/)了解更多信息。
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{{< /note >}}
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<!--
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## Usage
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-->
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## 使用说明
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<!--
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Once RuntimeClasses are configured for the cluster, using them is very simple. Specify a
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`runtimeClassName` in the Pod spec. For example:
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-->
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## 使用说明 {#usage}
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一旦完成集群中 RuntimeClasses 的配置,使用起来非常方便。
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在 Pod spec 中指定 `runtimeClassName` 即可。例如:
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@@ -168,9 +167,11 @@ RuntimeClass does not exist, or the CRI cannot run the corresponding handler, th
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corresponding [event](/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-application-introspection/) for an
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error message.
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-->
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这一设置会告诉 Kubelet 使用所指的 RuntimeClass 来运行该 pod。
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如果所指的 RuntimeClass 不存在或者 CRI 无法运行相应的 handler,那么 pod 将会进入 `Failed` 终止[阶段](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/#pod-phase)。
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你可以查看相应的[事件](/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-application-introspection/),获取出错信息。
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这一设置会告诉 kubelet 使用所指的 RuntimeClass 来运行该 pod。
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如果所指的 RuntimeClass 不存在或者 CRI 无法运行相应的 handler,
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那么 pod 将会进入 `Failed` 终止[阶段](/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/#pod-phase)。
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你可以查看相应的[事件](/zh/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-application-introspection/),
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获取出错信息。
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<!--
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If no `runtimeClassName` is specified, the default RuntimeHandler will be used, which is equivalent
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@@ -180,20 +181,20 @@ to the behavior when the RuntimeClass feature is disabled.
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<!--
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### CRI Configuration
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-->
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### CRI 配置
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<!--
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For more details on setting up CRI runtimes, see [CRI installation](/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes/).
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-->
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关于如何安装 CRI 运行时,请查阅 [CRI 安装](/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes/)。
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### CRI 配置 {#cri-configuration}
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关于如何安装 CRI 运行时,请查阅
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[CRI 安装](/zh/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes/)。
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#### dockershim
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<!--
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Kubernetes built-in dockershim CRI does not support runtime handlers.
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-->
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Kubernetes 内置 dockershim CRI 不支持配置运行时 handler。
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Kubernetes 内置的 dockershim CRI 不支持配置运行时 handler。
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#### [containerd](https://containerd.io/)
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@@ -223,8 +224,9 @@ handlers are configured under the [crio.runtime
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table](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-o/blob/master/docs/crio.conf.5.md#crioruntime-table):
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-->
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通过 cri-o 的 `/etc/crio/crio.conf` 配置文件来配置运行时 handler。
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handler 需要配置在 [crio.runtime 表](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-o/blob/master/docs/crio.conf.5.md#crioruntime-table)
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下方:
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handler 需要配置在
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[crio.runtime 表](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-o/blob/master/docs/crio.conf.5.md#crioruntime-table)
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下面:
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```
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[crio.runtime.runtimes.${HANDLER_NAME}]
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@@ -232,16 +234,14 @@ handler 需要配置在 [crio.runtime 表](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cr
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```
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<!--
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See cri-o's config documentation for more details:
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https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-o/blob/master/cmd/crio/config.go
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See CRI-O's [config documentation](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cri-o/cri-o/9f11d1d/docs/crio.conf.5.md) for more details.
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-->
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更详细信息,请查阅 containerd 配置文档:
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https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-o/blob/master/cmd/crio/config.go
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更详细信息,请查阅 CRI-O [配置文档](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cri-o/cri-o/9f11d1d/docs/crio.conf.5.md)。
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<!--
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## Scheduling
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-->
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## 调度
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## 调度 {#scheduling}
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{{< feature-state for_k8s_version="v1.16" state="beta" >}}
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@@ -253,7 +253,9 @@ the [RuntimeClass admission controller][] enabled (the default, as of 1.16).
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-->
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在 Kubernetes v1.16 版本里,RuntimeClass 特性引入了 `scheduling` 字段来支持异构集群。
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通过该字段,可以确保 pod 被调度到支持指定运行时的节点上。
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该调度支持,需要确保 [RuntimeClass admission controller][] 处于开启状态(1.16 版本默认开启)。
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该调度支持,需要确保
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[RuntimeClass 准入控制器](/zh/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/admission-controllers/#runtimeclass)
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处于开启状态(1.16 版本默认开启)。
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<!--
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To ensure pods land on nodes supporting a specific RuntimeClass, that set of nodes should have a
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@@ -280,14 +282,12 @@ To learn more about configuring the node selector and tolerations, see [Assignin
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Nodes](/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/).
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-->
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更多有关 node selector 和 tolerations 的配置信息,请查阅
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[Assigning Pods to Nodes](/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/)。
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[RuntimeClass admission controller]: /docs/reference/access-authn-authz/admission-controllers/
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[将 Pod 分派到节点](/zh/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/assign-pod-node/)。
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<!--
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### Pod Overhead
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-->
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### Pod 开销
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### Pod 开销 {#pod-overhead}
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{{< feature-state for_k8s_version="v1.18" state="beta" >}}
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@@ -298,19 +298,20 @@ To use Pod overhead, you must have the PodOverhead [feature gate](/docs/referenc
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enabled (it is on by default).
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-->
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你可以指定与运行 Pod 相关的 _开销_ 资源。声明开销即允许集群(包括调度器)在决策 Pod 和资源时将其考虑在内。
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若要使用 Pod 开销特性,你必须确保 PodOverhead [特性开关](/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/feature-gates/) 处于开启状态(默认为启用状态)。
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若要使用 Pod 开销特性,你必须确保 PodOverhead
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[特性门控](/zh/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/feature-gates/)
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处于启用状态(默认为启用状态)。
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<!--
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Pod overhead is defined in RuntimeClass through the `Overhead` fields. Through the use of these fields,
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you can specify the overhead of running pods utilizing this RuntimeClass and ensure these overheads
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are accounted for in Kubernetes.
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-->
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Pod 开销通过 RuntimeClass 的 `overhead` 字段定义。通过使用这些字段,你可以指定使用该 RuntimeClass 运行 Pod 时的开销并确保 Kubernetes 将这些开销计算在内。
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Pod 开销通过 RuntimeClass 的 `overhead` 字段定义。
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通过使用这些字段,你可以指定使用该 RuntimeClass 运行 Pod 时的开销并确保 Kubernetes 将这些开销计算在内。
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## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
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<!--
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- [RuntimeClass Design](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-node/runtime-class.md)
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- [RuntimeClass Scheduling Design](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-node/runtime-class-scheduling.md)
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@@ -319,7 +320,7 @@ Pod 开销通过 RuntimeClass 的 `overhead` 字段定义。通过使用这些
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-->
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- [RuntimeClass 设计](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-node/runtime-class.md)
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- [RuntimeClass 调度设计](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-node/runtime-class-scheduling.md)
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- 阅读关于 [Pod 开销](/docs/concepts/configuration/pod-overhead/) 的概念
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- 阅读关于 [Pod 开销](/zh/docs/concepts/configuration/pod-overhead/) 的概念
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- [PodOverhead 特性设计](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-node/20190226-pod-overhead.md)
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