Switch language name 'zh' to 'zh-cn'

This is the first step to rename 'zh' to 'zh-cn'. There are several reasons why we rename the language name. - The upstream docsy theme changed the language name, leading to many warnings during site build; The side-effect is that the i18n strings are no longer working. - We believe renaming the language is the right thing to do, because this move can make room for other variants of Chinese language, such as 'zh-tw', 'zh-sg' etc. There would be several follow-ups to this PR, such as fixing the intra-site links, adding redirects etc. We will lock up changes to zh/zh-cn pages for the moment, until this one gets in. This PR is based on commit cdad0a7342.
2022-06-10 20:25:27 +08:00
parent 3d345b1816
commit c52818c03d
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+---
+title: 使用服务来访问集群中的应用
+content_type: tutorial
+weight: 60
+---
+
+<!--
+title: Use a Service to Access an Application in a Cluster
+content_type: tutorial
+weight: 60
+-->
+
+<!-- overview -->
+
+<!--
+This page shows how to create a Kubernetes Service object that external
+clients can use to access an application running in a cluster. The Service
+provides load balancing for an application that has two running instances.
+-->
+本文展示如何创建一个 Kubernetes 服务对象，能让外部客户端访问在集群中运行的应用。
+该服务为一个应用的两个运行实例提供负载均衡。
+
+## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}}
+
+{{< include "task-tutorial-prereqs.md" >}} {{< version-check >}}
+
+## {{% heading "objectives" %}}
+
+<!--
+* Run two instances of a Hello World application.
+* Create a Service object that exposes a node port.
+* Use the Service object to access the running application.
+-->
+* 运行 Hello World 应用的两个实例。
+* 创建一个服务对象来暴露 node port。
+* 使用服务对象来访问正在运行的应用。
+
+<!-- lessoncontent -->
+
+<!--
+## Creating a service for an application running in two pods
+
+Here is the configuration file for the application Deployment:
+-->
+## 为运行在两个 pod 中的应用创建一个服务
+
+这是应用程序部署的配置文件：
+
+{{< codenew file="service/access/hello-application.yaml" >}}
+
+<!--
+1. Run a Hello World application in your cluster:
+   Create the application Deployment using the file above:
+   ```shell
+   kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/service/access/hello-application.yaml
+   ```
+   The preceding command creates a
+   [Deployment](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/)
+   object and an associated
+   [ReplicaSet](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset/)
+   object. The ReplicaSet has two
+   [Pods](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/),
+   each of which runs the Hello World application.
+-->
+
+1. 在你的集群中运行一个 Hello World 应用：
+   使用上面的文件创建应用程序 Deployment：
+
+   ```shell
+   kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/service/access/hello-application.yaml
+   ```
+
+   上面的命令创建一个 [Deployment](/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) 对象
+   和一个关联的 [ReplicaSet](/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset/) 对象。
+   这个 ReplicaSet 有两个 [Pod](/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/)，
+   每个 Pod 都运行着 Hello World 应用。
+  
+<!--
+1. Display information about the Deployment:
+-->
+2. 展示 Deployment 的信息：
+
+   ```shell
+   kubectl get deployments hello-world
+   kubectl describe deployments hello-world
+   ```
+
+<!--
+1. Display information about your ReplicaSet objects:
+-->
+3. 展示你的 ReplicaSet 对象信息：
+
+   ```shell
+   kubectl get replicasets
+   kubectl describe replicasets
+   ```
+
+<!--
+1. Create a Service object that exposes the deployment:
+-->
+4. 创建一个服务对象来暴露 Deployment：
+
+   ```shell
+   kubectl expose deployment hello-world --type=NodePort --name=example-service
+   ```
+
+<!--
+1. Display information about the Service:
+-->
+5. 展示 Service 信息：
+
+   ```shell
+   kubectl describe services example-service
+   ```
+
+   <!--
+   The output is similar to this:
+   -->
+   输出类似于：
+
+   ```shell
+   Name:                   example-service
+   Namespace:              default
+   Labels:                 run=load-balancer-example
+   Annotations:            <none>
+   Selector:               run=load-balancer-example
+   Type:                   NodePort
+   IP:                     10.32.0.16
+   Port:                   <unset> 8080/TCP
+   TargetPort:             8080/TCP
+   NodePort:               <unset> 31496/TCP
+   Endpoints:              10.200.1.4:8080,10.200.2.5:8080
+   Session Affinity:       None
+   Events:                 <none>
+   ```
+
+   <!--
+   Make a note of the NodePort value for the service. For example,
+   in the preceding output, the NodePort value is 31496.
+   -->
+   注意服务中的 NodePort 值。例如在上面的输出中，NodePort 是 31496。
+
+<!--
+1. List the pods that are running the Hello World application:
+-->
+7. 列出运行 Hello World 应用的 Pod：
+
+   ```shell
+   kubectl get pods --selector="run=load-balancer-example" --output=wide
+   ```
+
+   <!--
+   The output is similar to this:
+   -->
+   输出类似于：
+
+   ```shell
+   NAME                           READY   STATUS    ...  IP           NODE
+   hello-world-2895499144-bsbk5   1/1     Running   ...  10.200.1.4   worker1
+   hello-world-2895499144-m1pwt   1/1     Running   ...  10.200.2.5   worker2
+   ```
+<!--
+1. Get the public IP address of one of your nodes that is running
+   a Hello World pod. How you get this address depends on how you set
+   up your cluster. For example, if you are using Minikube, you can
+   see the node address by running `kubectl cluster-info`. If you are
+   using Google Compute Engine instances, you can use the
+   `gcloud compute instances list` command to see the public addresses of your
+   nodes.
+
+1. On your chosen node, create a firewall rule that allows TCP traffic
+   on your node port. For example, if your Service has a NodePort value of
+   31568, create a firewall rule that allows TCP traffic on port 31568. Different
+   cloud providers offer different ways of configuring firewall rules.
+
+1. Use the node address and node port to access the Hello World application:
+-->
+8. 获取运行 Hello World 的 pod 的其中一个节点的公共 IP 地址。如何获得此地址取决于你设置集群的方式。
+   例如，如果你使用的是 Minikube，则可以通过运行 `kubectl cluster-info` 来查看节点地址。
+   如果你使用的是 Google Compute Engine 实例，则可以使用 `gcloud compute instances list` 命令查看节点的公共地址。
+
+9. 在你选择的节点上，创建一个防火墙规则以开放节点端口上的 TCP 流量。
+   例如，如果你的服务的 NodePort 值为 31568，请创建一个防火墙规则以允许 31568 端口上的 TCP 流量。
+   不同的云提供商提供了不同方法来配置防火墙规则。
+
+10. 使用节点地址和 node port 来访问 Hello World 应用：
+
+   ```shell
+   curl http://<public-node-ip>:<node-port>
+   ```
+
+   <!--
+   where `<public-node-ip>` is the public IP address of your node,
+   and `<node-port>` is the NodePort value for your service. The
+   response to a successful request is a hello message:
+   -->
+   这里的 `<public-node-ip>` 是你节点的公共 IP 地址，`<node-port>` 是你服务的 NodePort 值。
+   对于请求成功的响应是一个 hello 消息：
+
+   ```shell
+   Hello Kubernetes!
+   ```
+
+<!--
+## Using a service configuration file
+
+As an alternative to using `kubectl expose`, you can use a
+[service configuration file](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/)
+to create a Service.
+-->
+## 使用服务配置文件
+
+作为 `kubectl expose` 的替代方法，你可以使用
+[服务配置文件](/zh/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/) 来创建服务。
+
+## {{% heading "cleanup" %}}
+
+<!--
+To delete the Service, enter this command:
+-->
+想要删除服务，输入以下命令：
+
+```shell
+kubectl delete services example-service
+```
+
+<!--
+To delete the Deployment, the ReplicaSet, and the Pods that are running
+the Hello World application, enter this command:
+-->
+想要删除运行 Hello World 应用的 Deployment、ReplicaSet 和 Pod，输入以下命令：
+
+```shell
+kubectl delete deployment hello-world
+```
+
+## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
+
+<!--
+Learn more about
+[connecting applications with services](/docs/concepts/services-networking/connect-applications-service/).
+-->
+- 进一步了解[通过服务连接应用](/zh/docs/concepts/services-networking/connect-applications-service/)。
+