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ZH-trans: add expose-external-ip-address.md (#12955)

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* Update expose-external-ip-address.md
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---
title: 公开外部 IP 地址以访问集群中应用程序
content_template: templates/tutorial
weight: 10
---
<!--
---
title: Exposing an External IP Address to Access an Application in a Cluster
content_template: templates/tutorial
weight: 10
---
-->
{{% capture overview %}}
<!--
This page shows how to create a Kubernetes Service object that exposes an
external IP address.
-->
此页面显示如何创建公开外部 IP 地址的 Kubernetes 服务对象。
{{% /capture %}}
{{% capture prerequisites %}}
<!--
* Install [kubectl](/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/).
* Use a cloud provider like Google Kubernetes Engine or Amazon Web Services to
create a Kubernetes cluster. This tutorial creates an
[external load balancer](/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/create-external-load-balancer/),
which requires a cloud provider.
* Configure `kubectl` to communicate with your Kubernetes API server. For
instructions, see the documentation for your cloud provider.
-->
* 安装 [kubectl](/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/).
* 使用 Google Kubernetes Engine 或 Amazon Web Services 等云供应商创建 Kubernetes 群集。
本教程创建了一个[外部负载均衡器](/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/create-external-load-balancer/)，需要云供应商。
* 配置 `kubectl` 与 Kubernetes API 服务器通信。有关说明，请参阅云供应商文档。
{{% /capture %}}
{{% capture objectives %}}
<!--
* Run five instances of a Hello World application.
* Create a Service object that exposes an external IP address.
* Use the Service object to access the running application.
-->
* 运行 Hello World 应用程序的五个实例。
* 创建一个公开外部 IP 地址的 Service 对象。
* 使用 Service 对象访问正在运行的应用程序。
{{% /capture %}}
{{% capture lessoncontent %}}
<!--
## Creating a service for an application running in five pods
-->
## 为一个在五个 pod 中运行的应用程序创建服务
<!--
1. Run a Hello World application in your cluster:
-->
1. 在集群中运行 Hello World 应用程序：
kubectl run hello-world --replicas=5 --labels="run=load-balancer-example" --image=gcr.io/google-samples/node-hello:1.0 --port=8080
<!--
The preceding command creates a
[Deployment](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/)
object and an associated
[ReplicaSet](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset/)
object. The ReplicaSet has five
[Pods](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/),
each of which runs the Hello World application.
-->
前面的命令创建一个 [Deployment](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/)
对象和一个关联的 [ReplicaSet](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset/)对象。
ReplicaSet 有五个 [Pod](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/)，每个都运行 Hello World 应用程序。
<!--
1. Display information about the Deployment:
-->
2. 显示有关 Deployment 的信息：
kubectl get deployments hello-world
kubectl describe deployments hello-world
<!--
1. Display information about your ReplicaSet objects:
-->
3. 显示有关 ReplicaSet 对象的信息：
kubectl get replicasets
kubectl describe replicasets
<!--
1. Create a Service object that exposes the deployment:
-->
4. 创建公开 deployment 的 Service 对象：
kubectl expose deployment hello-world --type=LoadBalancer --name=my-service
<!--
1. Display information about the Service:
-->
5. 显示有关 Service 的信息：
kubectl get services my-service
<!--
The output is similar to this:
-->
输出类似于：
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
my-service ClusterIP 10.3.245.137 104.198.205.71 8080/TCP 54s
<!--
Note: If the external IP address is shown as \<pending\>, wait for a minute
and enter the same command again.
-->
注意：如果外部 IP 地址显示为 \<pending\>，请等待一分钟再次输入相同的命令。
<!--
1. Display detailed information about the Service:
-->
6. 显示有关 Service 的详细信息：
kubectl describe services my-service
<!--
The output is similar to this:
-->
输出类似于：
Name: my-service
Namespace: default
Labels: run=load-balancer-example
Annotations: <none>
Selector: run=load-balancer-example
Type: LoadBalancer
IP: 10.3.245.137
LoadBalancer Ingress: 104.198.205.71
Port: <unset> 8080/TCP
NodePort: <unset> 32377/TCP
Endpoints: 10.0.0.6:8080,10.0.1.6:8080,10.0.1.7:8080 + 2 more...
Session Affinity: None
Events: <none>
<!--
Make a note of the external IP address (`LoadBalancer Ingress`) exposed by
your service. In this example, the external IP address is 104.198.205.71.
Also note the value of `Port` and `NodePort`. In this example, the `Port`
is 8080 and the `NodePort` is 32377.
-->
记下服务公开的外部 IP 地址（`LoadBalancer Ingress`)。
在本例中，外部 IP 地址是 104.198.205.71。还要注意 `Port` 和 `NodePort` 的值。
在本例中，`Port` 是 8080，`NodePort` 是32377。
<!--
1. In the preceding output, you can see that the service has several endpoints:
10.0.0.6:8080,10.0.1.6:8080,10.0.1.7:8080 + 2 more. These are internal
addresses of the pods that are running the Hello World application. To
verify these are pod addresses, enter this command:
-->
7. 在前面的输出中，您可以看到服务有几个端点：
10.0.0.6:8080、10.0.1.6:8080、10.0.1.7:8080 和另外两个，
这些都是正在运行 Hello World 应用程序的 pod 的内部地址。
要验证这些是 pod 地址，请输入以下命令：
kubectl get pods --output=wide
<!--
The output is similar to this:
-->
输出类似于：
NAME ... IP NODE
hello-world-2895499144-1jaz9 ... 10.0.1.6 gke-cluster-1-default-pool-e0b8d269-1afc
hello-world-2895499144-2e5uh ... 10.0.1.8 gke-cluster-1-default-pool-e0b8d269-1afc
hello-world-2895499144-9m4h1 ... 10.0.0.6 gke-cluster-1-default-pool-e0b8d269-5v7a
hello-world-2895499144-o4z13 ... 10.0.1.7 gke-cluster-1-default-pool-e0b8d269-1afc
hello-world-2895499144-segjf ... 10.0.2.5 gke-cluster-1-default-pool-e0b8d269-cpuc
<!--
1. Use the external IP address (`LoadBalancer Ingress`) to access the Hello
World application:
-->
8. 使用外部 IP 地址（`LoadBalancer Ingress`）访问 Hello World 应用程序:
curl http://<external-ip>:<port>
<!--
where `<external-ip>` is the external IP address (`LoadBalancer Ingress`)
of your Service, and `<port>` is the value of `Port` in your Service
description.
If you are using minikube, typing `minikube service my-service` will
automatically open the Hello World application in a browser.
-->
其中 `<external-ip>` 是您的服务的外部 IP 地址（`LoadBalancer Ingress`），
`<port>` 是您的服务描述中的 `port` 的值。
如果您正在使用 minikube，输入 `minikube service my-service` 将在浏览器中自动打开 Hello World 应用程序。
<!--
The response to a successful request is a hello message:
-->
成功请求的响应是一条问候消息：
Hello Kubernetes!
{{% /capture %}}
{{% capture cleanup %}}
<!--
To delete the Service, enter this command:
-->
要删除服务，请输入以下命令：
kubectl delete services my-service
<!--
To delete the Deployment, the ReplicaSet, and the Pods that are running
the Hello World application, enter this command:
-->
要删除正在运行 Hello World 应用程序的 Deployment，ReplicaSet 和 Pod，请输入以下命令：
kubectl delete deployment hello-world
{{% /capture %}}
{{% capture whatsnext %}}
<!--
Learn more about
[connecting applications with services](/docs/concepts/services-networking/connect-applications-service/).
-->
了解更多关于[将应用程序与服务连接](/docs/concepts/services-networking/connect-applications-service/)。
{{% /capture %}}