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@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ such as [EmptyDir volumes](volumes/#emptydir).
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The current system only supports container requests and limits for CPU and Memory.
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It is planned to add new resource types, including a node disk space
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resource, and a framework for adding custom [resource types](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/resources.md#resource-types).
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resource, and a framework for adding custom [resource types](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/resources.md#resource-types).
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Kubernetes supports overcommitment of resources by supporting multiple levels of [Quality of Service](http://issue.k8s.io/168).
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@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ spec: # specification of the pod's contents
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args: ["/bin/echo \"${MESSAGE}\""]
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```
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However, a shell isn't necessary just to expand environment variables. Kubernetes will do it for you if you use [`$(ENVVAR)` syntax](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/docs/design/expansion):
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However, a shell isn't necessary just to expand environment variables. Kubernetes will do it for you if you use [`$(ENVVAR)` syntax](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/expansion):
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```yaml
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command: ["/bin/echo"]
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@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Backend Namespace: default
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```
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First the frontend pod's information is printed. The pod name and
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[namespace](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/docs/design/namespaces.md) are retrieved from the
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[namespace](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/namespaces.md) are retrieved from the
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[Downward API](/{{page.version}}/docs/user-guide/downward-api). Next, `USER_VAR` is the name of
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an environment variable set in the [pod
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definition](show-rc.yaml). Then, the dynamic Kubernetes environment
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@@ -28,21 +28,21 @@ Then, it compares the arithmetic mean of the pods' CPU utilization with the targ
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CPU utilization is the recent CPU usage of a pod divided by the sum of CPU requested by the pod's containers.
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Please note that if some of the pod's containers do not have CPU request set,
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CPU utilization for the pod will not be defined and the autoscaler will not take any action.
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Further details of the autoscaling algorithm are given [here](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#autoscaling-algorithm).
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Further details of the autoscaling algorithm are given [here](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#autoscaling-algorithm).
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Autoscaler uses heapster to collect CPU utilization.
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Therefore, it is required to deploy heapster monitoring in your cluster for autoscaling to work.
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Autoscaler accesses corresponding replication controller or deployment by scale sub-resource.
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Scale is an interface which allows to dynamically set the number of replicas and to learn the current state of them.
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More details on scale sub-resource can be found [here](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#scale-subresource).
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More details on scale sub-resource can be found [here](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#scale-subresource).
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## API Object
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Horizontal pod autoscaler is a top-level resource in the Kubernetes REST API (currently in [beta](../api/#api-versioning)).
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More details about the API object can be found at
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[HorizontalPodAutoscaler Object](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#horizontalpodautoscaler-object).
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[HorizontalPodAutoscaler Object](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#horizontalpodautoscaler-object).
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## Support for horizontal pod autoscaler in kubectl
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@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ the horizontal pod autoscaler will not be bound to the new replication controlle
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## Further reading
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* Design documentation: [Horizontal Pod Autoscaling](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md).
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* Design documentation: [Horizontal Pod Autoscaling](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md).
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* Manual of autoscale command in kubectl: [kubectl autoscale](kubectl/kubectl_autoscale).
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* Usage example of [Horizontal Pod Autoscaler](horizontal-pod-autoscaling/).
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@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ controlled by the php-apache replication controller we created in the first step
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Roughly speaking, the horizontal autoscaler will increase and decrease the number of replicas
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(via the replication controller) so as to maintain an average CPU utilization across all Pods of 50%
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(since each pod requests 200 milli-cores by [kubectl run](#kubectl-run), this means average CPU utilization of 100 milli-cores).
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See [here](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#autoscaling-algorithm) for more details on the algorithm.
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See [here](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#autoscaling-algorithm) for more details on the algorithm.
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We will create the autoscaler by executing the following command:
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@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ For non-unique user-provided attributes, Kubernetes provides [labels](labels) an
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## Names
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Names are generally client-provided. Only one object of a given kind can have a given name at a time (i.e., they are spatially unique). But if you delete an object, you can make a new object with the same name. Names are the used to refer to an object in a resource URL, such as `/api/v1/pods/some-name`. By convention, the names of Kubernetes resources should be up to maximum length of 253 characters and consist of lower case alphanumeric characters, `-`, and `.`, but certain resources have more specific restrictions. See the [identifiers design doc](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/identifiers.md) for the precise syntax rules for names.
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Names are generally client-provided. Only one object of a given kind can have a given name at a time (i.e., they are spatially unique). But if you delete an object, you can make a new object with the same name. Names are the used to refer to an object in a resource URL, such as `/api/v1/pods/some-name`. By convention, the names of Kubernetes resources should be up to maximum length of 253 characters and consist of lower case alphanumeric characters, `-`, and `.`, but certain resources have more specific restrictions. See the [identifiers design doc](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/identifiers.md) for the precise syntax rules for names.
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## UIDs
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@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ my-nginx-o0ef1 1/1 Running 0 1h
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At some point, you'll eventually need to update your deployed application, typically by specifying a new image or image tag, as in the canary deployment scenario above. `kubectl` supports several update operations, each of which is applicable to different scenarios.
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To update a service without an outage, `kubectl` supports what is called ['rolling update'?](kubectl/kubectl_rolling-update), which updates one pod at a time, rather than taking down the entire service at the same time. See the [rolling update design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/simple-rolling-update.md) and the [example of rolling update](update-demo/) for more information.
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To update a service without an outage, `kubectl` supports what is called ['rolling update'?](kubectl/kubectl_rolling-update), which updates one pod at a time, rather than taking down the entire service at the same time. See the [rolling update design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/simple-rolling-update.md) and the [example of rolling update](update-demo/) for more information.
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Let's say you were running version 1.7.9 of nginx:
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@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ spec:
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- containerPort: 80
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```
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To update to version 1.9.1, you can use [`kubectl rolling-update --image`](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/simple-rolling-update.md):
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To update to version 1.9.1, you can use [`kubectl rolling-update --image`](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/simple-rolling-update.md):
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```shell
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$ kubectl rolling-update my-nginx --image=nginx:1.9.1
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@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Then, to add a label to the node you've chosen, run `kubectl label nodes <node-n
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If this fails with an "invalid command" error, you're likely using an older version of kubectl that doesn't have the `label` command. In that case, see the [previous version](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/a053dbc313572ed60d89dae9821ecab8bfd676dc/examples/node-selection/README.md) of this guide for instructions on how to manually set labels on a node.
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Also, note that label keys must be in the form of DNS labels (as described in the [identifiers doc](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/identifiers.md)), meaning that they are not allowed to contain any upper-case letters.
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Also, note that label keys must be in the form of DNS labels (as described in the [identifiers doc](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/identifiers.md)), meaning that they are not allowed to contain any upper-case letters.
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You can verify that it worked by re-running `kubectl get nodes` and checking that the node now has a label.
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@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ apiVersion: v1
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### Capacity
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Generally, a PV will have a specific storage capacity. This is set using the PV's `capacity` attribute. See the Kubernetes [Resource Model](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/resources.md) to understand the units expected by `capacity`.
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Generally, a PV will have a specific storage capacity. This is set using the PV's `capacity` attribute. See the Kubernetes [Resource Model](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/resources.md) to understand the units expected by `capacity`.
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Currently, storage size is the only resource that can be set or requested. Future attributes may include IOPS, throughput, etc.
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@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ Claims use the same conventions as volumes when requesting storage with specific
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### Resources
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Claims, like pods, can request specific quantities of a resource. In this case, the request is for storage. The same [resource model](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/resources.md) applies to both volumes and claims.
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Claims, like pods, can request specific quantities of a resource. In this case, the request is for storage. The same [resource model](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/resources.md) applies to both volumes and claims.
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## Claims As Volumes
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@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ nginx serving content from your persistent volume.
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This guide assumes knowledge of Kubernetes fundamentals and that you have a cluster up and running.
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See [Persistent Storage design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/persistent-storage.md) for more information.
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See [Persistent Storage design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/persistent-storage.md) for more information.
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## Provisioning
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@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ spec:
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name: supersecret
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```
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For more details, see the [secrets document](secrets), [example](secrets/) and [design doc](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/secrets.md).
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For more details, see the [secrets document](secrets), [example](secrets/) and [design doc](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/secrets.md).
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## Authenticating with a private image registry
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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ title: "Secrets"
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Objects of type `secret` are intended to hold sensitive information, such as
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passwords, OAuth tokens, and ssh keys. Putting this information in a `secret`
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is safer and more flexible than putting it verbatim in a `pod` definition or in
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a docker image. See [Secrets design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/secrets.md) for more information.
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a docker image. See [Secrets design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/secrets.md) for more information.
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* TOC
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{:toc}
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@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ data:
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```
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The data field is a map. Its keys must match
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[`DNS_SUBDOMAIN`](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/identifiers.md), except that leading dots are also
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[`DNS_SUBDOMAIN`](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/identifiers.md), except that leading dots are also
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allowed. The values are arbitrary data, encoded using base64. The values of
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username and password in the example above, before base64 encoding,
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are `value-1` and `value-2`, respectively, with carriage return and newline characters at the end.
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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---
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title: "Secrets example"
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---
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Following this example, you will create a [secret](../secrets) and a [pod](../pods) that consumes that secret in a [volume](../volumes). See [Secrets design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/secrets.md) for more information.
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Following this example, you will create a [secret](../secrets) and a [pod](../pods) that consumes that secret in a [volume](../volumes). See [Secrets design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/secrets.md) for more information.
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## Step Zero: Prerequisites
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@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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---
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title: "Security Contexts"
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---
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A security context defines the operating system security settings (uid, gid, capabilities, SELinux role, etc..) applied to a container. See [security context design](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/security_context.md) for more details.
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A security context defines the operating system security settings (uid, gid, capabilities, SELinux role, etc..) applied to a container. See [security context design](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/security_context.md) for more details.
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@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ limitations under the License.
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# Rolling update example
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This example demonstrates the usage of Kubernetes to perform a [rolling update](../kubectl/kubectl_rolling-update) on a running group of [pods](/{{page.version}}/docs/user-guide/pods). See [here](../managing-deployments/#updating-your-application-without-a-service-outage) to understand why you need a rolling update. Also check [rolling update design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/simple-rolling-update.md) for more information.
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This example demonstrates the usage of Kubernetes to perform a [rolling update](../kubectl/kubectl_rolling-update) on a running group of [pods](/{{page.version}}/docs/user-guide/pods). See [here](../managing-deployments/#updating-your-application-without-a-service-outage) to understand why you need a rolling update. Also check [rolling update design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/simple-rolling-update.md) for more information.
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### Step Zero: Prerequisites
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@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ spec:
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A pod definition is a declaration of a _desired state_. Desired state is a very important concept in the Kubernetes model. Many things present a desired state to the system, and it is Kubernetes' responsibility to make sure that the current state matches the desired state. For example, when you create a Pod, you declare that you want the containers in it to be running. If the containers happen to not be running (e.g. program failure, ...), Kubernetes will continue to (re-)create them for you in order to drive them to the desired state. This process continues until the Pod is deleted.
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See the [design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/docs/design/README.md) for more details.
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See the [design document](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/release-1.1/docs/design/README.md) for more details.
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#### Pod Management
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@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@ The API will generally not modify fields that you have set; it just sets ones wh
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## <a name="finding_schema_docs"></a>Finding Documentation on Resource Fields
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You can browse auto-generated API documentation at the [project website](http://kubernetes.io/v1.1/api-ref) or on [github](https://releases.k8s.io/release-1.1/docs/api-reference).
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You can browse auto-generated API documentation at the [project website](/{{page.version}}/docs/api/) or on [github](https://releases.k8s.io/release-1.1/docs/api-reference).
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