Merge release 1.12 into release 1.13 (#14171)
* ZH-trans: Update coarse-parallel-processing-work-queue.md (#11862) * ZH-trans: Update coarse-parallel-processing-work-queue.md * Update coarse-parallel-processing-work-queue.md * zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller.md (#11799) * docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller.md * docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller.md * docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller.md * fix * fix * fix * zh-trans: /docs/contribute/style/kubernetes-components.md (#11838) Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn> zh-trans: /docs/contribute/generate-ref-docs/kubernetes-components.md; update Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn> * Update weave-network-policy.md (#11858) * ZH-trans: add Update define-environment-variable-container.md (#11859) * Update define-environment-variable-container.md * Update define-environment-variable-container.md * Update define-environment-variable-container.md * Update define-environment-variable-container.md * Update define-environment-variable-container.md * Update fine-parallel-processing-work-queue.md (#11863) * Update fine-parallel-processing-work-queue.md * Update fine-parallel-processing-work-queue.md * Update setup-extension-api-server.md (#11864) * zh-trans: add / docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-join.md (#11798) * zh-trans: add / docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-join.md zh-trans: add / docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-join.md * Update kubeadm-join.md * Create kubeadm_join.md * zh-trans: update docs/concepts/containers/images.md (#11877) * zh-trans: update docs/concepts/containers/images.md * zh-trans: update docs/concepts/containers/images.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane.md (#11878) * 更新第 115 行翻译 * zh_trans: kubeadm_token_generate.md (#11884) * zh_trans: kubeadm_token_generate.md zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_token_generate.md * Better translation Better translation * zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-initialization.md (#11886) zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-initialization.md * zh-trans:add content/zh/docs/reference/issues-security (#11890) * zh-trans: add content/zh/docs/tutorials/online-training/overview.md (#11892) * zh_trans: kubeadm_token_delete.md (#11883) * zh_trans: kubeadm_token_delete.md zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_token_create.md * fix tpye error fix tpye error * Better translation Better translation * zh_trans: independent/create-cluster-kubeadm.md (#11882) * zh_trans: independent/create-cluster-kubeadm.md zh_trans: docs/setup/independent/create-cluster-kubeadm.md * fix word style error * fix type error * better zhtran better zhtran * fix "Create" -> "create" fix "Create" -> "create" * zh-trans: add docs/concepts/storage/storage-classes.md (#11788) * ZH-trans: fixing formatting errors (#11661) * ZH-trans: fixing formatting errors * Update ZH-trans: fixing formatting errors storage-classes zh part 1 * storage-classes zh trans * fix typo update trans for provisioner & fix typo * fix typo * 根据校对更新翻译 * zh_trans: kubeadm-token.md (#11898) zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-token.md * zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/quality-service-pod.md (#11900) * zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/quality-service-pod.md zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/quality-service-pod.md * Update quality-service-pod.md * zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node.md (#11897) zh_trans: Path：/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node.md * zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/storage/volumes.md (#11767) * zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/storage/volumes.md zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/storage/volumes.md * Update volumes.md * Update volumes.md * self-review * Update volumes.md * fix docs format error (#11934) fix docs format error of https://v1-12.docs.kubernetes.io/zh/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-join/ * Update cloud-controller.md (#11922) * zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/approver.md (#11924) zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/approver.md * zh-trans: add docs/setup/on-premises-vm/dcos.md (#11891) * zh-trans: add docs/setup/on-premises-vm/dcos.md * Update content/zh/docs/setup/on-premises-vm/dcos.md Co-Authored-By: SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com> * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-persistent-vo… (#11915) * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-persistent-volume-storage.md zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-persistent-volume-storage.md * Update configure-persistent-volume-storage.md * zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha.md (#11902) * zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha.md zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha.md * Better translation Better translation * zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/downstream.md (#11931) * zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/downstream.md zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/downstream.md * Update downstream.md * Update downstream.md * ZH-trans: Update install-kubeadm.md (#11955) * fix typo of install-kubeadm.md fix typo of install-kubeadm.md * Update install-kubeadm.md * zh-trans: add kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_all.md (#11952) * zh-trans: add /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_all.md zh-trans: add /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_all.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_all.md * renew 的翻译更新为续期 * zh-trans:kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-peer.md (#11953) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-peer.md /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-peer.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-peer.md * zh-trans: /docs/contribute/generate-ref-docs/kubectl.md (#11941) Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn> * fix docs format error (#11936) fix docs format error of https://v1-12.docs.kubernetes.io/zh/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-config/ * Update pull request (#11921) * Update pull request (#11960) * ZH-trans: add kubefed-options.md (#11956) * Update ZH-trans: add kubefed-options.md * Update kubefed-options.md * ZH-trans: add generated/... (#11880) * Update pull request * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew.md * Update pull request (#11881) * ZH-trans: add generated/... (#11879) * Update pull request * Resolving file conflicts * zh-trans: add zh/ docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-servic… (#11889) * zh-trans: add zh/ docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-service-account.md zh-trans: add zh/ docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-service-account.md * Update configure-service-account.md * Update configure-service-account.md * zh-trans: update docs/concepts/cluster-administration/kubelet-garbage-collection.md (#11875) * zh-trans: update docs/concepts/cluster-administration/kubelet-garbage-collection.md * zh-trans: update docs/concepts/cluster-administration/kubelet-garbage-collection.md * zh-trans:update kubelet-garbage-collection.md * zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_user.md (#11901) * zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_user.md zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_user.md * Better translation * zh-trans:add docs/reference/using-api/client-libraries.md (#11958) * zh-trans:add docs/reference/using-api/client-libraries.md * Update content/zh/docs/reference/using-api/client-libraries.md Co-Authored-By: SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com> * zh-trans: add pull-image-private-registry.md (#11912) * zh-trans: add pull-image-private-registry.md zh-trans: add pull-image-private-registry.md * Update pull-image-private-registry.md * Update pull-image-private-registry.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_annotate-cri.md (#11972) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_annotate-cri.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_annotate-cri.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config.md (#11974) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config.md * fix Typo "##" -> "## " (#12011) * fix Typo "##" -> "## " fix Typo "##" -> "## " * update basic-stateful-set.md * fix web style error (#12010) fix web style error * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_selfhosting.md (#12006) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_apiserver.md (#12005) * zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/resource-usage-monitor… (#11995) * zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/resource-usage-monitoring.md zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/resource-usage-monitoring.md * Update resource-usage-monitoring.md * Update resource-usage-monitoring.md * zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/core-metrics-pipeline.md (#11990) zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/core-metrics-pipeline.md * zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/troubleshooting.md (#11989) zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/troubleshooting.md * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver-kubelet-client.md (#11969) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver-kubelet-client.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver-kubelet-client.md * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-init-containers.md (#11962) * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-init-containers.md zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-init-containers.md * Update debug-init-containers.md * zh-trans: docs/reference/glossary/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md (#11930) * zh-trans: docs/reference/glossary/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md zh-trans: docs/reference/glossary/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md * Update horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md * zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-projected… (#11911) * zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-projected-volume-storage.md zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-projected-volume-storage.md * Update configure-projected-volume-storage.md * Update configure-projected-volume-storage.md * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/extended-resource.md (#11918) * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/extended-resource.md zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/extended-resource.md * Update extended-resource.md * Update extended-resource.md * zh-trans: add translate-compose-kubernetes.md (#11910) * zh-trans: add translate-compose-kubernetes.md zh-trans: add translate-compose-kubernetes.md * Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md * Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md * Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md * Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md * Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md * Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md * zh-trans: zh/docs/reference/glossary/flexvolume.md (#11925) * zh-trans: zh/docs/reference/glossary/flexvolume.md zh-trans: zh/docs/reference/glossary/flexvolume.md * Update flexvolume.md * zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_create.md (#11947) * zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_create.md zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_create.md * better translation better translation * zh-trans:add docs/setup/turnkey/alibaba-cloud.md (#11959) * zh_trans: kubeadm_completion.md (#11895) * zh_trans: kubeadm_completion.md zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node.md * Better translation Better translation * Update kubeadm_completion.md * better translation better translation * zh-trans: add /zh/ docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/crictl.md (#11961) * zh-trans: add /zh/ docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/crictl.md zh-trans: add /zh/ docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/crictl.md * Update crictl.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_front-proxy-ca.md (#11968) * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md (#11970) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md (#11971) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md * ZH-trans: Fixed some incorrect translations (#11973) * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/determine-reason-pod-… (#11977) * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/determine-reason-pod-failure.md zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/determine-reason-pod-failure.md * Update determine-reason-pod-failure.md * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/local-debugging.md (#11988) * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/local-debugging.md zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/local-debugging.md * Update local-debugging.md * zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/events-stackdriver.md (#11996) zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/events-stackdriver.md * zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-cont… (#11998) * zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-container.md zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-container.md * Update get-shell-running-container.md * zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/logging-elasticsearch-kibana.md (#12001) zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/logging-elasticsearch-kibana.md * ZH-trans: ad kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_write-to-disk.md (#12004) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_write-to-disk.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_write-to-disk.md * Remove old-generated kubefed docs (generated on 25-march-2018) (#12093) * Update _index.md (#12061) * Update kubeadm_reset.md (#12047) * ZH-trasn: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_controller-manager.md (#12032) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_controller-manager.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_controller-manager.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_preflight_node.md (#12035) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_preflight_node.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_preflight_node.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_preflight_node.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_scheduler.md (#12031) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_scheduler.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_scheduler.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node_allow-post-csrs.md (#12039) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node_allow-post-csrs.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node_allow-post-csrs.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_write-env-file.md (#12034) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_write-env-file.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_write-env-file.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_upgrade_node_experimental-control-plane.md (#12036) * Create kubeadm_upgrade_node_experimental-control-plane.md * Update kubeadm_upgrade_node_experimental-control-plane.md * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node_allow-auto-approve.md (#12038) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_etcd.md (#12040) * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-server.md (#12041) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-server.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-server.md * Update advanced.md (#12044) * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-healthcheck-client.md (#12042) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-healthcheck-client.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-healthcheck-client.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-healthcheck-client.md * Update kubeadm_version.md (#12046) * Update _index.md (#12063) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_version.md (#12085) zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_version.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-peer.md (#12037) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-peer.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-peer.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-peer.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_download.md (#12033) * Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_download.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_download.md * zh-trans: add docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/_index.md (#12048) * zh-trans: update cpu-constraint-namespace.md and cpu-default-namespace.md (#12106) * ZH-trans: update kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md (#12110) * zh-tran: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_unjoin.md (#12022) * zh-tran: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_unjoin.md zh-tran: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_unjoin.md * Update kubefed_unjoin.md * Update kubefed_unjoin.md * Update kubefed_unjoin.md * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_… (#12114) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver.md zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver.md * zh-trans:/docs/reference/kubectl/docker-cli-to-kubectl.md (#12088) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/kubectl/docker-cli-to-kubectl.md zh-trans:/docs/reference/kubectl/docker-cli-to-kubectl.md * Update docker-cli-to-kubectl.md * zh-trans: /docs/reference/kubectl/conventions.md (#12089) * zh-trans: /docs/reference/kubectl/conventions.md zh-trans: /docs/reference/kubectl/conventions.md * Update conventions.md * zh-trans organize-cluster-access-kubeconfig.md (#12094) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed.md (#12086) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed.md zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed.md * Update kubefed.md * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_join.md (#12029) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_join.md zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_join.md * Update kubefed_join.md * Update kubefed_join.md * zh-trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_init.md (#12020) * zh-trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_init.md zh-trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_init.md * Update kubefed_init.md * Update kubefed_init.md * Update kubefed_init.md * zh-trans: add docs/setup/independent/control-plane-flags.md (#12043) * zh-trans: add docs/setup/independent/control-plane-flags.md * update content/zh/docs/setup/independent/control-plane-flags.md * zh-trans:/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl.md (#11992) * configure-aggregation-layer.md * configure-aggregation-layer.md * configure-aggregation-layer.md * configure-aggregation-layer.md * Update configure-aggregation-layer.md * . * . * . * . * . * . * . * . * configure-aggregation-layer.md * . * . * Update configure-aggregation-layer.md * . * . * . * . * zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/cluster-administration/manage-deployment.md (#11899) * add /docs/concepts/cluster-administration/manage-deployment.md * 更新部分翻译，去除多余的反引号 * 更新部分翻译 * zh-trans: add docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-sc.md (#12045) * zh-trans: add docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-sc.md * update docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-sc.md * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_options.md (#12087) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_options.md zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_options.md * Update kubefed_options.md * Update kubefed_options.md * zh-trans: Fix some blog links issue (#12115) * zh-trans: Fix some blog links issue * Revert the space change * update Set Kubelet parameters via a config file (#12150) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_all.md (#12185) zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_all.md * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_… (#12184) * zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_etcd_local.md zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_etcd_local.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_etcd_local.md * zh-trans: kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_upload.md (#12130) zh-trans: kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_upload.md * zh-trans: kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_admin.md (#12131) zh-trans: kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_admin.md * zh-trans: /docs/contribute/generate-ref-docs/kubernetes-api.md (#12141) Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn> * zh-trans:/docs/concepts/overview/object-management-kubectl/imperative… (#12151) * zh-trans:/docs/concepts/overview/object-management-kubectl/imperative-config.md zh-trans:/docs/concepts/overview/object-management-kubectl/imperative-config.md * Update imperative-config.md * ZH-trans: added a blog post Chinese translation: 2018-05-01-developing-on-kubernetes.md (#12009) * added a blog post chinese translation * Update 2018-05-01-developing-on-kubernetes.md apply some suggested changes per review comments * Update 2018-05-01-developing-on-kubernetes.md cont to review and improve the wording, up to squash * more update and rewording * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_enable-dynamic.md (#12209) * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_enable-dynamic.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_enable-dynamic.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver.md (#12210) * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_front-proxy-client.md (#12212) * fix docs style (#12225) * fix docs style fix docs style * fix docs style fix docs style * ZH-trans: add rbac.md (#12263) * ZH-trans: add rbac.md * Update rbac.md * ZH-trans: add persistent-volume-claim.md (#12264) * ZH-trans: add persistent-volume-claim.md * Update persistent-volume-claim.md * Update persistent-volume-claim.md * Update docker-cli-to-kubectl.md (#12288) * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_selfhosting_convert-from-staticpods.md (#12285) * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_selfhosting_convert-from-staticpods.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_selfhosting_convert-from-staticpods.md * ZH-trans: add coredns.md (#12282) * ZH-trans: add coredns.md * Update coredns.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-healthcheck-client.md (#12286) * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-healthcheck-client.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-healthcheck-client.md * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_kubelet.md (#12284) * ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_kubelet.md * Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_kubelet.md * ZH-trans: add service-account.md (#12261) * ZH-trans: add service-account.md * Update service-account.md * ZH-trans: add security-context.md (#12262) * ZH-trans: add security-context.md * Update security-context.md * Update security-context.md * Update security-context.md * fix typo "_必须_" -> "必须" (#12300) fix typo "_必须_" -> "必须" * fix docs style error (#12307) fix docs style error * Create explore-interactive.html (#12311) * fix docs style error (#12314) fix docs style error * ZH-trans: add kube-controller-manager.md (#12260) * ZH-trans: add kube-controller-manager.md * Update kube-controller-manager.md * Update kube-controller-manager.md * Update kube-controller-manager.md * zh-trans: /docs/contribute/localization.md (#12295) Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn> zh-trans: /docs/contribute/localization.md; update Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn> zh-trans: /docs/contribute/localization.md; update2 Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn> * ZH-trans: update tools.md (#12320) ZH-trans: update tools.md * ZH-trans: fix "kubead -config" -> "kubeadm-config" (#12319) * ZH-trans: update kubeadm_config.md * fix style error * correct 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zh-trans:/docs/tasks/administer-federation/hpa.md & /docs/tasks/administer-cluster/extended-resource-node.md (#12432) * configure-aggregation-layer.md * configure-aggregation-layer.md * configure-aggregation-layer.md * configure-aggregation-layer.md * Update configure-aggregation-layer.md * . * . * . * . * . * . * . * . * configure-aggregation-layer.md * . * . * Update configure-aggregation-layer.md * . * . * . * . * . * Add arm64, ppc64le and s390x platforms for calico (#12666) Signed-off-by: PingWang <wang.ping5@zte.com.cn> add only Signed-off-by: PingWang <wang.ping5@zte.com.cn> * zh-trans: developing-cloud-controller-manager.md (#12413) * zh-trans: /docs/tasks/administer-cluster/developing-cloud-controller-manager.md zh-trans: /docs/tasks/administer-cluster/developing-cloud-controller-manager.md * Update developing-cloud-controller-manager.md * fix typo: delete useless "**" * Update developing-cloud-controller-manager.md * ZH-trans: add 2018-05-01-developing-on-kubernetes.md (#12814) * ZH-trans: update encrypt-data.md (#12939) * ZH-trans: update encrypt-data.md * Update encrypt-data.md * ZH-trans: add example-task-template.md (#12940) * ZH-trans: add example-task-template.md * Update example-task-template.md * Added Instana to tools (#12978) Instana is already available in the english version of the text, therefore I added it here too. 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. * . * . * . * . * . * zh-trans: update docs/setup/node-conformance.md (#13201) * zh-trans: update docs/setup/node-conformance.md * zh-trans: update docs/setup/on-premises-vm/dcos.md * zh-trans: add content/zh/blog/_posts/2018-10-15-steering-election-results.md (#13227) * zh-trans: add content/zh/blog/_posts/2018-10-15-steering-election-results.md * Update content/zh/blog/_posts/2018-10-15-steering-election-results.md Co-Authored-By: SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com> * Add @xichengliudui to sig-docs-zh-owners (release-1.12) (#13167) * Add @xichengliudui to sig-docs-zh-owners * Update OWNERS_ALIASES * ZH-trans: add coreos.md (#13193) * ZH-trans: coreos.md * Update coreos.md * Update coreos.md * Update coreos.md * Update coreos.md * Update coreos.md * Update coreos.md * add SataQiu as a sig-docs-zh-owner (#13271) * Fix relative links issue in zh content (#13312) * `http://kubernetes.io/docs/` -> `/docs/` * `https://kubernetes.io/docs/` -> `/docs/` * zh-trans: add 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SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com> * zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/multiple-zones.md (#13775) * zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/multiple-zones.md * Update multiple-zones.md * zh-trans: update node-conformance.md and ovs-networking.md (#13776) * zh-trans: update high-availability/_index.md and authorization/webhook.md (#13780) * zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/_index.md (#13779) * zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/_index.md * Update _index.md * Update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/_index.md Co-Authored-By: SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com> * Update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/_index.md Co-Authored-By: SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com> * Update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/_index.md Co-Authored-By: SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com> * zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/abac.md (#13777) * zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/abac.md * Update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/abac.md Co-Authored-By: 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- "/docs/concepts/jobs/cron-jobs/"
|
||||
- "/docs/concepts/jobs/cron-jobs.html"
|
||||
- "/docs/user-guide/cron-jobs/"
|
||||
- "/docs/user-guide/cron-jobs.html"
|
||||
title: CronJob
|
||||
content_template: templates/concept
|
||||
weight: 80
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
{{< toc >}}
|
||||
{{% capture overview %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
A _Cron Job_ creates [Jobs](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/jobs-run-to-completion/) on a time-based schedule.
|
||||
|
||||
One CronJob object is like one line of a _crontab_ (cron table) file. It runs a job periodically
|
||||
on a given schedule, written in [Cron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron) format.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## Cron Job 是什么？
|
||||
_Cron Job_ 创建基于时间调度的 [Jobs](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/jobs-run-to-completion/)。
|
||||
|
||||
_Cron Job_ 管理基于时间的 [Job](/docs/concepts/jobs/run-to-completion-finite-workloads/)，即：
|
||||
一个 CronJob 对象就像 _crontab_ (cron table) 文件中的一行。它用 [Cron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron) 格式进行编写，并周期性的在给定的调度时间执行 Job。
|
||||
|
||||
* 在给定时间点只运行一次
|
||||
* 在给定时间点周期性地运行
|
||||
{{< note >}}
|
||||
<!--All **CronJob** `schedule:` times are denoted in UTC.-->
|
||||
所有 **CronJob** 的 `schedule:` 时间都是用 UTC 表示。
|
||||
{{< /note >}}
|
||||
|
||||
一个 CronJob 对象类似于 _crontab_ （cron table）文件中的一行。它根据指定的预定计划周期性地运行一个 Job，格式可以参考 [Cron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron) 。
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
For instructions on creating and working with cron jobs, and for an example of a spec file for a cron job, see [Running automated tasks with cron jobs](/docs/tasks/job/automated-tasks-with-cron-jobs).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
有关创建和使用 CronJob 的说明及规范文件的示例，请参见 [使用 CronJob 运行自动任务](/docs/tasks/job/automated-tasks-with-cron-jobs)。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
**注意：** 在预定计划中，问号（`?`）和星号（`*`）的意义是相同的，表示给定字段的取值是任意可用值。
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
|
||||
**注意：** 在 Kubernetes 1.4 版本引入了 ScheduledJob 资源，但从 1.5 版本开始改成了 CronJob。
|
||||
|
||||
典型的用法如下所示：
|
||||
{{% capture body %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Cron Job Limitations
|
||||
|
||||
A cron job creates a job object _about_ once per execution time of its schedule. We say "about" because there
|
||||
are certain circumstances where two jobs might be created, or no job might be created. We attempt to make these rare,
|
||||
but do not completely prevent them. Therefore, jobs should be _idempotent_.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
* 在给定的时间点调度 Job 运行
|
||||
* 创建周期性运行的 Job，例如：数据库备份、发送邮件。
|
||||
## CronJob 限制
|
||||
|
||||
### 前提条件
|
||||
CronJob 创建 Job 对象，每个 Job 的执行次数大约为一次。
|
||||
我们之所以说 "大约"，是因为在某些情况下，可能会创建两个 Job，或者不会创建任何 Job。
|
||||
我们试图使这些情况尽量少发生，但不能完全杜绝。因此，Job 应该是 _幂等的_。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
If `startingDeadlineSeconds` is set to a large value or left unset (the default)
|
||||
and if `concurrencyPolicy` is set to `Allow`, the jobs will always run
|
||||
at least once.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
如果 `startingDeadlineSeconds` 设置为很大的数值或未设置（默认），并且 `concurrencyPolicy` 设置为 `Allow`，则作业将始终至少运行一次。
|
||||
|
||||
当使用的 Kubernetes 集群，版本 >= 1.4（对 ScheduledJob），>= 1.5（对 CronJob），当启动 API Server（参考 [为集群开启或关闭 API 版本](/docs/admin/cluster-management/#turn-on-or-off-an-api-version-for-your-cluster) 获取更多信息）时，通过传递选项 `--runtime-config=batch/v2alpha1=true` 可以开启 batch/v2alpha1 API。
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
For every CronJob, the CronJob controller checks how many schedules it missed in the duration from its last scheduled time until now. If there are more than 100 missed schedules, then it does not start the job and logs the error
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 创建 Cron Job
|
||||
对于每个 CronJob，CronJob 控制器检查从上一次调度的时间点到现在所错过了调度次数。如果错过的调度次数超过 100 次，那么它就不会启动这个任务，并记录这个错误:
|
||||
|
||||
下面是一个 Cron Job 的例子。它会每分钟运行一个 Job，打印出当前时间并输出问候语 hello。
|
||||
````
|
||||
Cannot determine if job needs to be started. Too many missed start time (> 100). Set or decrease .spec.startingDeadlineSeconds or check clock skew.
|
||||
|
||||
% include code.html language="yaml" file="cronjob.yaml" ghlink="/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/cronjob.yaml" %}
|
||||
````
|
||||
|
||||
下载并运行该示例 Cron Job，然后执行如下命令：
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
It is important to note that if the `startingDeadlineSeconds` field is set (not `nil`), the controller counts how many missed jobs occurred from the value of `startingDeadlineSeconds` until now rather than from the last scheduled time until now. For example, if `startingDeadlineSeconds` is `200`, the controller counts how many missed jobs occurred in the last 200 seconds.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ kubectl create -f ./cronjob.yaml
|
||||
cronjob "hello" created
|
||||
```
|
||||
需要注意的是，如果设置 `startingDeadlineSeconds` 字段非空，则控制器会统计从 `startingDeadlineSeconds` 的值到现在而不是从上一个计划时间到现在错过了多少次 Job。例如，如果 `startingDeadlineSeconds` 是 `200`，则控制器会统计在过去 200 秒中错过了多少次 Job。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
A CronJob is counted as missed if it has failed to be created at its scheduled time. For example, If `concurrencyPolicy` is set to `Forbid` and a CronJob was attempted to be scheduled when there was a previous schedule still running, then it would count as missed.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
如果未能在调度时间内创建 CronJob，则计为错过。例如，如果 `concurrencyPolicy` 被设置为 `Forbid`，并且当前有一个调度仍在运行的情况下，试图调度的 CronJob 将被计算为错过。
|
||||
|
||||
可选地，使用 `kubectl run` 创建一个 Cron Job，不需要写完整的配置：
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
For example, suppose a cron job is set to start at exactly `08:30:00` and its
|
||||
`startingDeadlineSeconds` is set to 10, if the CronJob controller happens to
|
||||
be down from `08:29:00` to `08:42:00`, the job will not start.
|
||||
Set a longer `startingDeadlineSeconds` if starting later is better than not
|
||||
starting at all.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ kubectl run hello --schedule="*/1 * * * *" --restart=OnFailure --image=busybox -- /bin/sh -c "date; echo Hello from the Kubernetes cluster"
|
||||
cronjob "hello" created
|
||||
```
|
||||
例如，假设一个 CronJob 被设置为`08:30:00` 准时开始，它的 `startingDeadlineSeconds` 属性被设置为10，如果在`08:29:00` 时将 CronJob 控制器的时间改为 `08:42:00`，Job 将不会启动。
|
||||
如果觉得晚些开始比没有启动好，那请设置一个较长的 `startingDeadlineSeconds`。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The Cronjob is only responsible for creating Jobs that match its schedule, and
|
||||
the Job in turn is responsible for the management of the Pods it represents.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
CronJob 只负责创建与其时间表相匹配的 Job，相应的 Job 又会负责管理它所代表的Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
创建该 Cron Job 之后，通过如下命令获取它的状态信息：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ kubectl get cronjob hello
|
||||
NAME SCHEDULE SUSPEND ACTIVE LAST-SCHEDULE
|
||||
hello */1 * * * * False 0 <none>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
如上所示，既没有 active 的 Job，也没有被调度的 Job。
|
||||
|
||||
等待并观察创建的 Job，大约一分钟时间：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ kubectl get jobs --watch
|
||||
NAME DESIRED SUCCESSFUL AGE
|
||||
hello-4111706356 1 1 2s
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
现在能看到一个名称为 hello 的 Job 在运行。我们可以停止观察，并再次获取该 Job 的状态信息：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ kubectl get cronjob hello
|
||||
NAME SCHEDULE SUSPEND ACTIVE LAST-SCHEDULE
|
||||
hello */1 * * * * False 0 Mon, 29 Aug 2016 14:34:00 -0700
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
应该能够看到名称为 “hello” 的 Job 在 `LAST-SCHEDULE` 指定的时间点被调度了。当前存在 0 个活跃（Active）的 Job，说明该 Job 已经被调度运行完成或失败。
|
||||
|
||||
现在，找到最近一次被调度的 Job 创建的 Pod，能够看到其中一个 Pod 的标准输出。注意，Job 名称和 Pod 名称是不一样的。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# Replace "hello-4111706356" with the job name in your system
|
||||
$ pods=$(kubectl get pods --selector=job-name=hello-4111706356 --output=jsonpath={.items..metadata.name})
|
||||
|
||||
$ echo $pods
|
||||
hello-4111706356-o9qcm
|
||||
|
||||
$ kubectl logs $pods
|
||||
Mon Aug 29 21:34:09 UTC 2016
|
||||
Hello from the Kubernetes cluster
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## 删除 Cron Job
|
||||
|
||||
一旦不再需要 Cron Job，简单地可以使用 `kubectl` 命令删除它：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ kubectl delete cronjob hello
|
||||
cronjob "hello" deleted
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
这将会终止正在创建的 Job。然而，运行中的 Job 将不会被终止，不会删除 Job 或 它们的 Pod。为了清理那些 Job 和 Pod，需要列出该 Cron Job 创建的全部 Job，然后删除它们：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ kubectl get jobs
|
||||
NAME DESIRED SUCCESSFUL AGE
|
||||
hello-1201907962 1 1 11m
|
||||
hello-1202039034 1 1 8m
|
||||
...
|
||||
|
||||
$ kubectl delete jobs hello-1201907962 hello-1202039034 ...
|
||||
job "hello-1201907962" deleted
|
||||
job "hello-1202039034" deleted
|
||||
...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
一旦 Job 被删除，由 Job 创建的 Pod 也会被删除。注意，所有由名称为 “hello” 的 Cron Job 创建的 Job 会以前缀字符串 “hello-” 进行命名。如果想要删除当前 Namespace 中的所有 Job，可以通过命令 `kubectl delete jobs --all` 立刻删除它们。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Cron Job 限制
|
||||
|
||||
Cron Job 在每次调度运行时间内 _大概_ 会创建一个 Job 对象。我们之所以说 _大概_ ，是因为在特定的环境下可能会创建两个 Job，或者一个 Job 都没创建。我们尝试少发生这种情况，但却不能完全避免。因此，创建 Job 操作应该是 _幂等的_。
|
||||
|
||||
Job 根据它所创建的 Pod 的并行度，负责重试创建 Pod，并就决定这一组 Pod 的成功或失败。Cron Job 根本不会去检查 Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## 编写 Cron Job 规约
|
||||
|
||||
和其它 Kubernetes 配置一样，Cron Job 需要 `apiVersion`、 `kind`、和 `metadata` 这三个字段。
|
||||
关于如何实现一个配置文件的更新信息，参考文档 [部署应用](/docs/user-guide/deploying-applications)、
|
||||
[配置容器](/docs/user-guide/configuring-containers) 和
|
||||
[使用 kubectl 管理资源](/docs/user-guide/working-with-resources)。
|
||||
|
||||
Cron Job 也需要 [`.spec` 段](https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status)。
|
||||
|
||||
**注意：** 对一个 Cron Job 的所有修改，尤其是对其 `.spec` 的修改，仅会在下一次运行的时候生效。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 调度
|
||||
|
||||
`.spec.schedule` 是 `.spec` 中必需的字段，它的值是 [Cron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron) 格式字的符串，例如：`0 * * * *`，或者 `@hourly`，根据指定的调度时间 Job 会被创建和执行。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Job 模板
|
||||
|
||||
`.spec.jobTemplate` 是另一个 `.spec` 中必需的字段。它是 Job 的模板。
|
||||
除了它可以是嵌套的，并且不具有 `apiVersion` 或 `kind` 字段之外，它和 [Job](/docs/concepts/jobs/run-to-completion-finite-workloads/) 一样具有完全相同的模式（schema）。
|
||||
参考 [编写 Job 规格](/docs/concepts/jobs/run-to-completion-finite-workloads/#writing-a-job-spec)。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 启动 Job 的期限（秒级别）
|
||||
|
||||
`.spec.startingDeadlineSeconds` 字段是可选的。它表示启动 Job 的期限（秒级别），如果因为任何原因而错过了被调度的时间，那么错过执行时间的 Job 将被认为是失败的。如果没有指定，则没有期限。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 并发策略
|
||||
|
||||
`.spec.concurrencyPolicy` 字段也是可选的。它指定了如何处理被 Cron Job 创建的 Job 的并发执行。只允许指定下面策略中的一种：
|
||||
|
||||
* `Allow`（默认）：允许并发运行 Job
|
||||
* `Forbid`：禁止并发运行，如果前一个还没有完成，则直接跳过下一个
|
||||
* `Replace`：取消当前正在运行的 Job，用一个新的来替换
|
||||
|
||||
注意，当前策略只能应用于同一个 Cron Job 创建的 Job。如果存在多个 Cron Job，它们创建的 Job 之间总是允许并发运行。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### 挂起
|
||||
|
||||
`.spec.suspend` 字段也是可选的。如果设置为 `true`，后续所有执行都将被挂起。它对已经开始执行的 Job 不起作用。默认值为 `false`。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Job 历史限制
|
||||
|
||||
`.spec.successfulJobsHistoryLimit` 和 `.spec.failedJobsHistoryLimit` 这两个字段是可选的。它们指定了可以保留完成和失败 Job 数量的限制。
|
||||
|
||||
默认没有限制，所有成功和失败的 Job 都会被保留。然而，当运行一个 Cron Job 时，很快就会堆积很多 Job，推荐设置这两个字段的值。设置限制值为 `0`，相关类型的 Job 完成后将不会被保留。
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ redirect_from:
|
||||
|
||||
- 运行集群存储 daemon，例如在每个节点上运行 `glusterd`、`ceph`。
|
||||
- 在每个节点上运行日志收集 daemon，例如`fluentd`、`logstash`。
|
||||
- 在每个节点上运行监控 daemon，例如 [Prometheus Node Exporter](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter)、`collectd`、Datadog 代理、New Relic 代理，或 Ganglia `gmond`。
|
||||
- 在每个节点上运行监控 daemon，例如 [Prometheus Node Exporter](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter)、`collectd`、Datadog 代理、New Relic 代理, Ganglia `gmond`, 或 [Instana Agent](https://www.instana.com/supported-integrations/kubernetes-monitoring/)。
|
||||
|
||||
一个简单的用法是在所有的节点上都启动一个 DaemonSet，将被作为每种类型的 daemon 使用。
|
||||
一个稍微复杂的用法是单独对每种 daemon 类型使用多个 DaemonSet，但具有不同的标志，和/或对不同硬件类型具有不同的内存、CPU要求。
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
reviewers:
|
||||
- Kashomon
|
||||
- bprashanth
|
||||
- madhusudancs
|
||||
title: ReplicaSet
|
||||
content_template: templates/concept
|
||||
weight: 10
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
{{% capture overview %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
ReplicaSet is the next-generation Replication Controller. The only difference
|
||||
between a _ReplicaSet_ and a
|
||||
[_Replication Controller_](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicationcontroller/) right now is
|
||||
the selector support. ReplicaSet supports the new set-based selector requirements
|
||||
as described in the [labels user guide](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/#label-selectors)
|
||||
whereas a Replication Controller only supports equality-based selector requirements.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
ReplicaSet 是下一代的 Replication Controller。 _ReplicaSet_ 和 [_Replication Controller_](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicationcontroller/) 的唯一区别是选择器的支持。ReplicaSet 支持新的基于集合的选择器需求，这在[标签用户指南](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/#label-selectors)中有描述。而 Replication Controller 仅支持基于相等选择器的需求。
|
||||
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
|
||||
{{% capture body %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## How to use a ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
Most [`kubectl`](/docs/user-guide/kubectl/) commands that support
|
||||
Replication Controllers also support ReplicaSets. One exception is the
|
||||
[`rolling-update`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#rolling-update) command. If
|
||||
you want the rolling update functionality please consider using Deployments
|
||||
instead. Also, the
|
||||
[`rolling-update`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#rolling-update) command is
|
||||
imperative whereas Deployments are declarative, so we recommend using Deployments
|
||||
through the [`rollout`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#rollout) command.
|
||||
|
||||
While ReplicaSets can be used independently, today it's mainly used by
|
||||
[Deployments](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) as a mechanism to orchestrate pod
|
||||
creation, deletion and updates. When you use Deployments you don't have to worry
|
||||
about managing the ReplicaSets that they create. Deployments own and manage
|
||||
their ReplicaSets.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 怎样使用 ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
大多数支持 Replication Controllers 的[`kubectl`](/docs/user-guide/kubectl/)命令也支持 ReplicaSets。但[`rolling-update`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#rolling-update) 命令是个例外。如果您想要滚动更新功能请考虑使用 Deployment。[`rolling-update`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#rolling-update) 命令是必需的，而 Deployment 是声明性的，因此我们建议通过 [`rollout`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#rollout)命令使用 Deployment。
|
||||
|
||||
虽然 ReplicaSets 可以独立使用，但今天它主要被[Deployments](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) 用作协调 Pod 创建、删除和更新的机制。
|
||||
当您使用 Deployment 时，您不必担心还要管理它们创建的 ReplicaSet。Deployment 会拥有并管理它们的 ReplicaSet。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## When to use a ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
A ReplicaSet ensures that a specified number of pod replicas are running at any given
|
||||
time. However, a Deployment is a higher-level concept that manages ReplicaSets and
|
||||
provides declarative updates to pods along with a lot of other useful features.
|
||||
Therefore, we recommend using Deployments instead of directly using ReplicaSets, unless
|
||||
you require custom update orchestration or don't require updates at all.
|
||||
|
||||
This actually means that you may never need to manipulate ReplicaSet objects:
|
||||
use a Deployment instead, and define your application in the spec section.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 什么时候使用 ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
ReplicaSet 确保任何时间都有指定数量的 Pod 副本在运行。
|
||||
然而，Deployment 是一个更高级的概念，它管理 ReplicaSet，并向 Pod 提供声明式的更新以及许多其他有用的功能。
|
||||
因此，我们建议使用 Deployment 而不是直接使用 ReplicaSet，除非您需要自定义更新业务流程或根本不需要更新。
|
||||
|
||||
这实际上意味着，您可能永远不需要操作 ReplicaSet 对象：而是使用 Deployment，并在 spec 部分定义您的应用。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Example
|
||||
-->
|
||||
## 示例
|
||||
|
||||
{{< codenew file="controllers/frontend.yaml" >}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Saving this manifest into `frontend.yaml` and submitting it to a Kubernetes cluster should
|
||||
create the defined ReplicaSet and the pods that it manages.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
将此清单保存到 `frontend.yaml` 中，并将其提交到 Kubernetes 集群，应该就能创建 yaml 文件所定义的 ReplicaSet 及其管理的 Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$ kubectl create -f http://k8s.io/examples/controllers/frontend.yaml
|
||||
replicaset.apps/frontend created
|
||||
$ kubectl describe rs/frontend
|
||||
Name: frontend
|
||||
Namespace: default
|
||||
Selector: tier=frontend,tier in (frontend)
|
||||
Labels: app=guestbook
|
||||
tier=frontend
|
||||
Annotations: <none>
|
||||
Replicas: 3 current / 3 desired
|
||||
Pods Status: 3 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed
|
||||
Pod Template:
|
||||
Labels: app=guestbook
|
||||
tier=frontend
|
||||
Containers:
|
||||
php-redis:
|
||||
Image: gcr.io/google_samples/gb-frontend:v3
|
||||
Port: 80/TCP
|
||||
Requests:
|
||||
cpu: 100m
|
||||
memory: 100Mi
|
||||
Environment:
|
||||
GET_HOSTS_FROM: dns
|
||||
Mounts: <none>
|
||||
Volumes: <none>
|
||||
Events:
|
||||
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Type Reason Message
|
||||
--------- -------- ----- ---- ------------- -------- ------ -------
|
||||
1m 1m 1 {replicaset-controller } Normal SuccessfulCreate Created pod: frontend-qhloh
|
||||
1m 1m 1 {replicaset-controller } Normal SuccessfulCreate Created pod: frontend-dnjpy
|
||||
1m 1m 1 {replicaset-controller } Normal SuccessfulCreate Created pod: frontend-9si5l
|
||||
$ kubectl get pods
|
||||
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||||
frontend-9si5l 1/1 Running 0 1m
|
||||
frontend-dnjpy 1/1 Running 0 1m
|
||||
frontend-qhloh 1/1 Running 0 1m
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Writing a ReplicaSet Spec
|
||||
|
||||
As with all other Kubernetes API objects, a ReplicaSet needs the `apiVersion`, `kind`, and `metadata` fields. For
|
||||
general information about working with manifests, see [object management using kubectl](/docs/concepts/overview/object-management-kubectl/overview/).
|
||||
|
||||
A ReplicaSet also needs a [`.spec` section](https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 编写 ReplicaSet Spec
|
||||
|
||||
与所有其他 Kubernetes API 对象一样，ReplicaSet 也需要 `apiVersion`、`kind`、和 `metadata` 字段。有关使用清单的一般信息，请参见 [使用 kubectl 管理对象](/docs/concepts/overview/object-management-kubectl/overview/)。
|
||||
|
||||
ReplicaSet 也需要 [`.spec`](https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status) 部分。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Pod Template
|
||||
|
||||
The `.spec.template` is the only required field of the `.spec`. The `.spec.template` is a
|
||||
[pod template](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-overview/#pod-templates). It has exactly the same schema as a
|
||||
[pod](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/), except that it is nested and does not have an `apiVersion` or `kind`.
|
||||
|
||||
In addition to required fields of a pod, a pod template in a ReplicaSet must specify appropriate
|
||||
labels and an appropriate restart policy.
|
||||
|
||||
For labels, make sure to not overlap with other controllers. For more information, see [pod selector](#pod-selector).
|
||||
|
||||
For [restart policy](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/#restart-policy), the only allowed value for `.spec.template.spec.restartPolicy` is `Always`, which is the default.
|
||||
|
||||
For local container restarts, ReplicaSet delegates to an agent on the node,
|
||||
for example the [Kubelet](/docs/admin/kubelet/) or Docker.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### Pod 模版
|
||||
|
||||
`.spec.template` 是 `.spec` 唯一需要的字段。`.spec.template` 是 [Pod 模版](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-overview/#pod-templates)。它和 [Pod](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/) 的语法几乎完全一样，除了它是嵌套的并没有 `apiVersion` 和 `kind`。
|
||||
|
||||
除了所需的 Pod 字段之外，ReplicaSet 中的 Pod 模板必须指定适当的标签和适当的重启策略。
|
||||
|
||||
对于标签，请确保不要与其他控制器重叠。更多信息请参考 [Pod 选择器](#pod-selector)。
|
||||
|
||||
对于 [重启策略](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/#restart-policy)，`.spec.template.spec.restartPolicy` 唯一允许的取值是 `Always`，这也是默认值.
|
||||
|
||||
对于本地容器重新启动，ReplicaSet 委托给了节点上的代理去执行，例如[Kubelet](/docs/admin/kubelet/) 或 Docker 去执行。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Pod Selector
|
||||
|
||||
The `.spec.selector` field is a [label selector](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/). A ReplicaSet
|
||||
manages all the pods with labels that match the selector. It does not distinguish
|
||||
between pods that it created or deleted and pods that another person or process created or
|
||||
deleted. This allows the ReplicaSet to be replaced without affecting the running pods.
|
||||
|
||||
The `.spec.template.metadata.labels` must match the `.spec.selector`, or it will
|
||||
be rejected by the API.
|
||||
|
||||
In Kubernetes 1.9 the API version `apps/v1` on the ReplicaSet kind is the current version and is enabled by default. The API version `apps/v1beta2` is deprecated.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### Pod 选择器
|
||||
|
||||
`.spec.selector` 字段是[标签选择器](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/)。ReplicaSet 管理所有标签匹配与标签选择器的 Pod。它不区分自己创建或删除的 Pod 和其他人或进程创建或删除的pod。这允许在不影响运行中的 Pod 的情况下替换副本集。
|
||||
|
||||
`.spec.template.metadata.labels` 必须匹配 `.spec.selector`，否则它将被 API 拒绝。
|
||||
|
||||
Kubernetes 1.9 版本中，API 版本 `apps/v1` 中的 ReplicaSet 类型的版本是当前版本并默认开启。API 版本 `apps/v1beta2` 被弃用。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Also you should not normally create any pods whose labels match this selector, either directly, with
|
||||
another ReplicaSet, or with another controller such as a Deployment. If you do so, the ReplicaSet thinks that it
|
||||
created the other pods. Kubernetes does not stop you from doing this.
|
||||
|
||||
If you do end up with multiple controllers that have overlapping selectors, you
|
||||
will have to manage the deletion yourself.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
另外，通常您不应该创建标签与此选择器匹配的任何 Pod，或者直接与另一个 ReplicaSet 或另一个控制器（如 Deployment）标签匹配的任何 Pod。
|
||||
如果你这样做，ReplicaSet 会认为它创造了其他 Pod。Kubernetes 并不会阻止您这样做。
|
||||
|
||||
如果您最终使用了多个具有重叠选择器的控制器，则必须自己负责删除。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Labels on a ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
The ReplicaSet can itself have labels (`.metadata.labels`). Typically, you
|
||||
would set these the same as the `.spec.template.metadata.labels`. However, they are allowed to be
|
||||
different, and the `.metadata.labels` do not affect the behavior of the ReplicaSet.
|
||||
|
||||
### Replicas
|
||||
|
||||
You can specify how many pods should run concurrently by setting `.spec.replicas`. The number running at any time may be higher
|
||||
or lower, such as if the replicas were just increased or decreased, or if a pod is gracefully
|
||||
shut down, and a replacement starts early.
|
||||
|
||||
If you do not specify `.spec.replicas`, then it defaults to 1.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### Replicas
|
||||
|
||||
通过设置 `.spec.replicas` 您可以指定要同时运行多少个 Pod。
|
||||
在任何时间运行的 Pod 数量可能高于或低于 `.spec.replicas` 指定的数量，例如在副本刚刚被增加或减少后、或者 Pod 正在被优雅地关闭、以及替换提前开始。
|
||||
|
||||
如果您没有指定 `.spec.replicas`, 那么默认值为 1。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Working with ReplicaSets
|
||||
|
||||
### Deleting a ReplicaSet and its Pods
|
||||
|
||||
To delete a ReplicaSet and all of its Pods, use [`kubectl delete`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#delete). The [Garbage collector](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/garbage-collection/) automatically deletes all of the dependent Pods by default.
|
||||
|
||||
When using the REST API or the `client-go` library, you must set `propagationPolicy` to `Background` or `Foreground` in delete option. e.g. :
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 使用 ReplicaSets 的具体方法
|
||||
|
||||
### 删除 ReplicaSet 和它的 Pod
|
||||
|
||||
要删除 ReplicaSet 和它的所有 Pod，使用[`kubectl delete`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#delete) 命令。
|
||||
默认情况下，[垃圾收集器](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/garbage-collection/) 自动删除所有依赖的 Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
当使用 REST API 或 `client-go` 库时，您必须在删除选项中将 `propagationPolicy` 设置为 `Background` 或 `Foreground`。例如：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
kubectl proxy --port=8080
|
||||
curl -X DELETE 'localhost:8080/apis/extensions/v1beta1/namespaces/default/replicasets/frontend' \
|
||||
> -d '{"kind":"DeleteOptions","apiVersion":"v1","propagationPolicy":"Foreground"}' \
|
||||
> -H "Content-Type: application/json"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Deleting just a ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
You can delete a ReplicaSet without affecting any of its pods using [`kubectl delete`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#delete) with the `--cascade=false` option.
|
||||
When using the REST API or the `client-go` library, you must set `propagationPolicy` to `Orphan`, e.g. :
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### 只删除 ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
您可以只删除 ReplicaSet 而不影响它的 Pod，方法是使用[`kubectl delete`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#delete) 命令并设置 `--cascade=false` 选项。
|
||||
|
||||
当使用 REST API 或 `client-go` 库时，您必须将 `propagationPolicy` 设置为 `Orphan`。例如：
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
kubectl proxy --port=8080
|
||||
curl -X DELETE 'localhost:8080/apis/extensions/v1beta1/namespaces/default/replicasets/frontend' \
|
||||
> -d '{"kind":"DeleteOptions","apiVersion":"v1","propagationPolicy":"Orphan"}' \
|
||||
> -H "Content-Type: application/json"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Once the original is deleted, you can create a new ReplicaSet to replace it. As long
|
||||
as the old and new `.spec.selector` are the same, then the new one will adopt the old pods.
|
||||
However, it will not make any effort to make existing pods match a new, different pod template.
|
||||
To update pods to a new spec in a controlled way, use a [rolling update](#rolling-updates).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
一旦删除了原来的 ReplicaSet，就可以创建一个新的来替换它。
|
||||
由于新旧 ReplicaSet 的 `.spec.selector` 是相同的，新的 ReplicaSet 将接管老的 Pod。
|
||||
但是，它不会努力使现有的 Pod 与新的、不同的 Pod 模板匹配。
|
||||
若想要以可控的方式将 Pod 更新到新的 spec，就要使用 [滚动更新](#rolling-updates)的方式。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
|
||||
### Isolating pods from a ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
Pods may be removed from a ReplicaSet's target set by changing their labels. This technique may be used to remove pods
|
||||
from service for debugging, data recovery, etc. Pods that are removed in this way will be replaced automatically (
|
||||
assuming that the number of replicas is not also changed).
|
||||
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### 将 Pod 从 ReplicaSet 中隔离
|
||||
|
||||
可以通过改变标签来从 ReplicaSet 的目标集中移除 Pod。这种技术可以用来从服务中去除 Pod，以便进行排错、数据恢复等。
|
||||
以这种方式移除的 Pod 将被自动替换（假设副本的数量没有改变）。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Scaling a ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
A ReplicaSet can be easily scaled up or down by simply updating the `.spec.replicas` field. The ReplicaSet controller
|
||||
ensures that a desired number of pods with a matching label selector are available and operational.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### 缩放 RepliaSet
|
||||
|
||||
通过更新 `.spec.replicas` 字段，ReplicaSet 可以被轻松的进行缩放。ReplicaSet 控制器能确保匹配标签选择器的数量的 Pod 是可用的和可操作的。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### ReplicaSet as an Horizontal Pod Autoscaler Target
|
||||
|
||||
A ReplicaSet can also be a target for
|
||||
[Horizontal Pod Autoscalers (HPA)](/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale/). That is,
|
||||
a ReplicaSet can be auto-scaled by an HPA. Here is an example HPA targeting
|
||||
the ReplicaSet we created in the previous example.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### ReplicaSet 作为水平的 Pod 自动缩放器目标
|
||||
|
||||
ReplicaSet 也可以作为 [水平的 Pod 缩放器 (HPA)](/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale/) 的目标。也就是说，ReplicaSet 可以被 HPA 自动缩放。
|
||||
以下是 HPA 以我们在前一个示例中创建的副本集为目标的示例。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
{{< codenew file="controllers/hpa-rs.yaml" >}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Saving this manifest into `hpa-rs.yaml` and submitting it to a Kubernetes cluster should
|
||||
create the defined HPA that autoscales the target ReplicaSet depending on the CPU usage
|
||||
of the replicated pods.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
将这个列表保存到 `hpa-rs.yaml` 并提交到 Kubernetes 集群，就能创建它所定义的 HPA，进而就能根据复制的 Pod 的 CPU 利用率对目标 ReplicaSet进行自动缩放。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
kubectl create -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/hpa-rs.yaml
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Alternatively, you can use the `kubectl autoscale` command to accomplish the same
|
||||
(and it's easier!)
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
或者，可以使用 `kubectl autoscale` 命令完成相同的操作。
|
||||
(而且它更简单！)
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
kubectl autoscale rs frontend
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Alternatives to ReplicaSet
|
||||
|
||||
### Deployment (Recommended)
|
||||
|
||||
[`Deployment`](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) is a higher-level API object that updates its underlying ReplicaSets and their Pods
|
||||
in a similar fashion as `kubectl rolling-update`. Deployments are recommended if you want this rolling update functionality,
|
||||
because unlike `kubectl rolling-update`, they are declarative, server-side, and have additional features. For more information on running a stateless
|
||||
application using a Deployment, please read [Run a Stateless Application Using a Deployment](/docs/tasks/run-application/run-stateless-application-deployment/).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## ReplicaSet 的替代方案
|
||||
|
||||
### Deployment （推荐）
|
||||
|
||||
[`Deployment`](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) 是一个高级 API 对象，它以 `kubectl rolling-update` 的方式更新其底层副本集及其Pod。
|
||||
如果您需要滚动更新功能，建议使用 Deployment，因为 Deployment 与 `kubectl rolling-update` 不同的是：它是声明式的、服务器端的、并且具有其他特性。
|
||||
有关使用 Deployment 来运行无状态应用的更多信息，请参阅 [使用 Deployment 运行无状态应用](/docs/tasks/run-application/run-stateless-application-deployment/)。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Bare Pods
|
||||
|
||||
Unlike the case where a user directly created pods, a ReplicaSet replaces pods that are deleted or terminated for any reason, such as in the case of node failure or disruptive node maintenance, such as a kernel upgrade. For this reason, we recommend that you use a ReplicaSet even if your application requires only a single pod. Think of it similarly to a process supervisor, only it supervises multiple pods across multiple nodes instead of individual processes on a single node. A ReplicaSet delegates local container restarts to some agent on the node (for example, Kubelet or Docker).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### 裸 Pod
|
||||
|
||||
与用户直接创建 Pod 的情况不同，ReplicaSet 会替换那些由于某些原因被删除或被终止的 Pod，例如在节点故障或破坏性的节点维护（如内核升级）的情况下。
|
||||
因为这个好处，我们建议您使用 ReplicaSet，即使应用程序只需要一个 Pod。
|
||||
想像一下，ReplicaSet 类似于进程监视器，只不过它在多个节点上监视多个 Pod，而不是在单个节点上监视单个进程。
|
||||
ReplicaSet 将本地容器重启的任务委托给了节点上的某个代理（例如，Kubelet 或 Docker）去完成。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Job
|
||||
|
||||
Use a [`Job`](/docs/concepts/jobs/run-to-completion-finite-workloads/) instead of a ReplicaSet for pods that are expected to terminate on their own
|
||||
(that is, batch jobs).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### Job
|
||||
|
||||
使用[`Job`](/docs/concepts/jobs/run-to-completion-finite-workloads/) 代替ReplicaSet，可以用于那些期望自行终止的 Pod。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### DaemonSet
|
||||
|
||||
Use a [`DaemonSet`](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/) instead of a ReplicaSet for pods that provide a
|
||||
machine-level function, such as machine monitoring or machine logging. These pods have a lifetime that is tied
|
||||
to a machine lifetime: the pod needs to be running on the machine before other pods start, and are
|
||||
safe to terminate when the machine is otherwise ready to be rebooted/shutdown.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### DaemonSet
|
||||
|
||||
对于管理那些提供主机级别功能（如主机监控和主机日志）的容器，就要用[`DaemonSet`](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/) 而不用 ReplicaSet。
|
||||
这些 Pod 的寿命与主机寿命有关：这些 Pod 需要先于主机上的其他 Pod 运行，并且在机器准备重新启动/关闭时安全地终止。
|
||||
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
reviewers:
|
||||
- enisoc
|
||||
- erictune
|
||||
- foxish
|
||||
- janetkuo
|
||||
- kow3ns
|
||||
- smarterclayton
|
||||
title: StatefulSets
|
||||
content_template: templates/concept
|
||||
weight: 40
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
---
|
||||
reviewers:
|
||||
- enisoc
|
||||
- erictune
|
||||
- foxish
|
||||
- janetkuo
|
||||
- kow3ns
|
||||
- smarterclayton
|
||||
title: StatefulSets
|
||||
content_template: templates/concept
|
||||
weight: 40
|
||||
---
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
{{% capture overview %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
StatefulSet is the workload API object used to manage stateful applications.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
StatefulSet 是用来管理有状态应用的工作负载 API 对象。
|
||||
|
||||
{{< note >}}
|
||||
<!--**Note:** StatefulSets are stable (GA) in 1.9.-->
|
||||
**注意：** StatefulSets 是在 1.9 版本中正式发布的。
|
||||
{{< /note >}}
|
||||
|
||||
{{< glossary_definition term_id="statefulset" length="all" >}}
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
|
||||
{{% capture body %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Using StatefulSets
|
||||
|
||||
StatefulSets are valuable for applications that require one or more of the
|
||||
following.
|
||||
|
||||
* Stable, unique network identifiers.
|
||||
* Stable, persistent storage.
|
||||
* Ordered, graceful deployment and scaling.
|
||||
* Ordered, automated rolling updates.
|
||||
|
||||
In the above, stable is synonymous with persistence across Pod (re)scheduling.
|
||||
If an application doesn't require any stable identifiers or ordered deployment,
|
||||
deletion, or scaling, you should deploy your application with a controller that
|
||||
provides a set of stateless replicas. Controllers such as
|
||||
[Deployment](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) or
|
||||
[ReplicaSet](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset/) may be better suited to your stateless needs.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 使用 StatefulSets
|
||||
|
||||
StatefulSets 对于需要满足以下一个或多个需求的应用程序很有价值：
|
||||
|
||||
* 稳定的、唯一的网络标识符。
|
||||
* 稳定的、持久的存储。
|
||||
* 有序的、优雅的部署和缩放。
|
||||
* 有序的、自动的滚动更新。
|
||||
|
||||
在上面，稳定意味着 Pod 调度或重调度的整个过程是有持久性的。如果应用程序不需要任何稳定的标识符或有序的部署、删除或伸缩，则应该使用一组无状态的副本控制器来部署应用程序，比如 [Deployment](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) 或者 [ReplicaSet](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset/) 可能更适用于您的无状态需要。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Limitations
|
||||
|
||||
* StatefulSet was a beta resource prior to 1.9 and not available in any Kubernetes release prior to 1.5.
|
||||
* The storage for a given Pod must either be provisioned by a [PersistentVolume Provisioner](https://github.com/kubernetes/examples/tree/{{< param "githubbranch" >}}/staging/persistent-volume-provisioning/README.md) based on the requested `storage class`, or pre-provisioned by an admin.
|
||||
* Deleting and/or scaling a StatefulSet down will *not* delete the volumes associated with the StatefulSet. This is done to ensure data safety, which is generally more valuable than an automatic purge of all related StatefulSet resources.
|
||||
* StatefulSets currently require a [Headless Service](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#headless-services) to be responsible for the network identity of the Pods. You are responsible for creating this Service.
|
||||
* StatefulSets do not provide any guarantees on the termination of pods when a StatefulSet is deleted. To achieve ordered and graceful termination of the pods in the StatefulSet, it is possible to scale the StatefulSet down to 0 prior to deletion.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 限制
|
||||
|
||||
* StatefulSet 在 1.9 版本之前属于 beta 资源，在 1.5 版本之前的任何 Kubernetes 版本中都不可用。
|
||||
* 给定 Pod 的存储必须由 [PersistentVolume 驱动](https://github.com/kubernetes/examples/tree/{{< param "githubbranch" >}}/staging/persistent-volume-provisioning/README.md) 基于所请求的 `storage class` 来提供，或者由管理员预先提供。
|
||||
* 删除和／或收缩 StatefulSet 并*不会*删除它关联的存储卷。这样做是为了保证数据安全，它通常比自动清除 StatefulSet 所有相关的资源更有价值。
|
||||
* StatefulSet 当前需要 [无头服务](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#headless-services) 来负责Pod 的网络标识。您需要负责创建此服务。
|
||||
* 当删除 StatefulSets 时，StatefulSet 不提供任何终止 Pod 的保证。为了实现 StatefulSet 中的 Pod 可以有序和优雅的终止，可以在删除之前将 StatefulSet 缩放为0。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Components
|
||||
The example below demonstrates the components of a StatefulSet.
|
||||
|
||||
* A Headless Service, named nginx, is used to control the network domain.
|
||||
* The StatefulSet, named web, has a Spec that indicates that 3 replicas of the nginx container will be launched in unique Pods.
|
||||
* The volumeClaimTemplates will provide stable storage using [PersistentVolumes](/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/) provisioned by a PersistentVolume Provisioner.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 组件
|
||||
下面的示例演示了 StatefulSet 的组件。
|
||||
|
||||
* 名为 nginx 的无头服务用来控制网络域。
|
||||
* 名为 web 的 StatefulSet 有一个Spec，它表明将在单个 Pod 中启动 nginx 容器的3个副本。
|
||||
* volumeClaimTemplates 将通过 [PersistentVolumes](/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/) 驱动提供的 PersistentVolume 来提供稳定的存储。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
apiVersion: v1
|
||||
kind: Service
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: nginx
|
||||
labels:
|
||||
app: nginx
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
ports:
|
||||
- port: 80
|
||||
name: web
|
||||
clusterIP: None
|
||||
selector:
|
||||
app: nginx
|
||||
---
|
||||
apiVersion: apps/v1
|
||||
kind: StatefulSet
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
name: web
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
selector:
|
||||
matchLabels:
|
||||
app: nginx # has to match .spec.template.metadata.labels
|
||||
serviceName: "nginx"
|
||||
replicas: 3 # by default is 1
|
||||
template:
|
||||
metadata:
|
||||
labels:
|
||||
app: nginx # has to match .spec.selector.matchLabels
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
|
||||
containers:
|
||||
- name: nginx
|
||||
image: k8s.gcr.io/nginx-slim:0.8
|
||||
ports:
|
||||
- containerPort: 80
|
||||
name: web
|
||||
volumeMounts:
|
||||
- name: www
|
||||
mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
|
||||
volumeClaimTemplates:
|
||||
- metadata:
|
||||
name: www
|
||||
spec:
|
||||
accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
|
||||
storageClassName: "my-storage-class"
|
||||
resources:
|
||||
requests:
|
||||
storage: 1Gi
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Pod Selector
|
||||
You must set the `.spec.selector` field of a StatefulSet to match the labels of its `.spec.template.metadata.labels`. Prior to Kubernetes 1.8, the `.spec.selector` field was defaulted when omitted. In 1.8 and later versions, failing to specify a matching Pod Selector will result in a validation error during StatefulSet creation.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## Pod 选择器
|
||||
您必须设置 StatefulSet 的 `.spec.selector` 字段来匹配它的`.spec.template.metadata.labels`标签。在 Kubernetes 1.8 版本之前，忽略`.spec.selector` 字段会提供默认设置。在 1.8 和以后的版本中，指定的 Pod 选择器匹配失败将在创建 StatefulSet 期间导致验证错误。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Pod Identity
|
||||
StatefulSet Pods have a unique identity that is comprised of an ordinal, a
|
||||
stable network identity, and stable storage. The identity sticks to the Pod,
|
||||
regardless of which node it's (re)scheduled on.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## Pod 的身份
|
||||
|
||||
StatefulSet Pod 具有唯一的标识，该标识包括顺序标识、稳定的网络标识和稳定的存储。该标识和 Pod 是绑定的，不管它被调度在哪个节点上。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Ordinal Index
|
||||
|
||||
For a StatefulSet with N replicas, each Pod in the StatefulSet will be
|
||||
assigned an integer ordinal, from 0 up through N-1, that is unique over the Set.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### 序号索引
|
||||
|
||||
对于具有N个副本的 StatefulSet，StatefulSet 中的每个 Pod 将被分配一个整数序号，从 0 到 N-1，该序号在 StatefulSet 上是唯一的。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Stable Network ID
|
||||
|
||||
Each Pod in a StatefulSet derives its hostname from the name of the StatefulSet
|
||||
and the ordinal of the Pod. The pattern for the constructed hostname
|
||||
is `$(statefulset name)-$(ordinal)`. The example above will create three Pods
|
||||
named `web-0,web-1,web-2`.
|
||||
A StatefulSet can use a [Headless Service](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#headless-services)
|
||||
to control the domain of its Pods. The domain managed by this Service takes the form:
|
||||
`$(service name).$(namespace).svc.cluster.local`, where "cluster.local" is the
|
||||
cluster domain.
|
||||
As each Pod is created, it gets a matching DNS subdomain, taking the form:
|
||||
`$(podname).$(governing service domain)`, where the governing service is defined
|
||||
by the `serviceName` field on the StatefulSet.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### 稳定的网络 ID
|
||||
|
||||
StatefulSet 中的每个 Pod 根据 StatefulSet 的名称和 Pod 的序号派生出它的主机名。组合主机名的格式为 `$(statefulset name)-$(ordinal)`。上例将会创建三个名称为 `web-0,web-1,web-2` 的三个 Pod。
|
||||
StatefulSet 可以使用 [无头服务](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#headless-services) 控制它的 Pod 的网络域。管理域的这个服务的格式为：
|
||||
`$(service name).$(namespace).svc.cluster.local`, 其中 "cluster.local" 是集群域。
|
||||
一旦每个 Pod 创建成功，就会得到一个匹配的 DNS 子域，格式为：`$(podname).$(governing service domain)`，其中管理服务由 StatefulSet 的 `serviceName` 域来定义。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Here are some examples of choices for Cluster Domain, Service name,
|
||||
StatefulSet name, and how that affects the DNS names for the StatefulSet's Pods.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
下面给出一些选择集群域、服务名、StatefulSet 名、及其怎样影响 StatefulSet 的 Pod 上的 DNS 名称的示例：
|
||||
|
||||
Cluster Domain | Service (ns/name) | StatefulSet (ns/name) | StatefulSet Domain | Pod DNS | Pod Hostname |
|
||||
-------------- | ----------------- | ----------------- | -------------- | ------- | ------------ |
|
||||
cluster.local | default/nginx | default/web | nginx.default.svc.cluster.local | web-{0..N-1}.nginx.default.svc.cluster.local | web-{0..N-1} |
|
||||
cluster.local | foo/nginx | foo/web | nginx.foo.svc.cluster.local | web-{0..N-1}.nginx.foo.svc.cluster.local | web-{0..N-1} |
|
||||
kube.local | foo/nginx | foo/web | nginx.foo.svc.kube.local | web-{0..N-1}.nginx.foo.svc.kube.local | web-{0..N-1} |
|
||||
|
||||
{{< note >}}
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
**Note:** Cluster Domain will be set to `cluster.local` unless
|
||||
[otherwise configured](/docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service/#how-it-works).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
**注意** 集群域会被设置为 `cluster.local` 除非有[其他配置](/docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service/#how-it-works)。
|
||||
{{< /note >}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Stable Storage
|
||||
|
||||
Kubernetes creates one [PersistentVolume](/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/) for each
|
||||
VolumeClaimTemplate. In the nginx example above, each Pod will receive a single PersistentVolume
|
||||
with a StorageClass of `my-storage-class` and 1 Gib of provisioned storage. If no StorageClass
|
||||
is specified, then the default StorageClass will be used. When a Pod is (re)scheduled
|
||||
onto a node, its `volumeMounts` mount the PersistentVolumes associated with its
|
||||
PersistentVolume Claims. Note that, the PersistentVolumes associated with the
|
||||
Pods' PersistentVolume Claims are not deleted when the Pods, or StatefulSet are deleted.
|
||||
This must be done manually.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### 稳定的存储
|
||||
|
||||
Kubernetes 为每个 VolumeClaimTemplate 创建一个 [PersistentVolume](/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/)。在上面的 nginx 示例中，每个 Pod 将会得到基于 StorageClass `my-storage-class` 提供的 1 Gib 的 PersistentVolume。如果没有声明 StorageClass，就会使用默认的 StorageClass。当一个 Pod 被安排到节点上时，它的 `volumeMounts` 挂载了与其 PersistentVolumeClaims 相关联的 PersistentVolume。请注意，当 Pod 或者 StatefulSet 被删除时，与PersistentVolumeClaims 相关联的 PersistentVolume 并不会被删除。要删除它必须通过手动方式来完成。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Pod Name Label
|
||||
|
||||
When the StatefulSet controller creates a Pod, it adds a label, `statefulset.kubernetes.io/pod-name`,
|
||||
that is set to the name of the Pod. This label allows you to attach a Service to a specific Pod in
|
||||
the StatefulSet.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### Pod 名称标签
|
||||
|
||||
当 StatefulSet 创建 Pod 时，它会添加一个标签 `statefulset.kubernetes.io/pod-name`，该标签设置为 Pod 名称。这个标签允许您给 StatefulSet 中的特定 Pod 绑定一个 Service。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Deployment and Scaling Guarantees
|
||||
|
||||
* For a StatefulSet with N replicas, when Pods are being deployed, they are created sequentially, in order from {0..N-1}.
|
||||
* When Pods are being deleted, they are terminated in reverse order, from {N-1..0}.
|
||||
* Before a scaling operation is applied to a Pod, all of its predecessors must be Running and Ready.
|
||||
* Before a Pod is terminated, all of its successors must be completely shutdown.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 部署和伸缩保证
|
||||
|
||||
* 对于包含 N 个 副本的 StatefulSet，当部署 Pod 时，它们是依次创建的，顺序为 {0..N-1}。
|
||||
* 当删除 Pod 时，它们是逆序终止的，顺序为 {N-1..0}。
|
||||
* 在将缩放操作应用到 Pod 之前，它前面的所有 Pod 必须是 Running 和 Ready 状态。
|
||||
* 在 Pod 终止之前，所有的继任者必须完全关闭。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The StatefulSet should not specify a `pod.Spec.TerminationGracePeriodSeconds` of 0. This practice is unsafe and strongly discouraged. For further explanation, please refer to [force deleting StatefulSet Pods](/docs/tasks/run-application/force-delete-stateful-set-pod/).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
StatefulSet 不应该声明 `pod.Spec.TerminationGracePeriodSeconds` 为 0。这种做法是不安全的，要强烈阻止。更多的解释请参考 [强制删除 StatefulSet Pods](/docs/tasks/run-application/force-delete-stateful-set-pod/)。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
When the nginx example above is created, three Pods will be deployed in the order
|
||||
web-0, web-1, web-2. web-1 will not be deployed before web-0 is
|
||||
[Running and Ready](/docs/user-guide/pod-states/), and web-2 will not be deployed until
|
||||
web-1 is Running and Ready. If web-0 should fail, after web-1 is Running and Ready, but before
|
||||
web-2 is launched, web-2 will not be launched until web-0 is successfully relaunched and
|
||||
becomes Running and Ready.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
在上面的 nginx 示例被创建后，会按照 web-0、web-1、web-2 的顺序部署三个 Pod。在 web-0 进入[Running 和 Ready](/docs/user-guide/pod-states/)状态前不会部署 web-1。在 web-1 进入Running 和 Ready 状态前不会部署 web-2。如果 web-1 已经处于 Running 和 Ready 状态，而 web-2 尚未部署，在此期间发生了 web-0 运行失败，那么 web-2 将不会被部署，要等到 web-0 部署完成并进入 Running 和 Ready 状态后，才会部署 web-2。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
If a user were to scale the deployed example by patching the StatefulSet such that
|
||||
`replicas=1`, web-2 would be terminated first. web-1 would not be terminated until web-2
|
||||
is fully shutdown and deleted. If web-0 were to fail after web-2 has been terminated and
|
||||
is completely shutdown, but prior to web-1's termination, web-1 would not be terminated
|
||||
until web-0 is Running and Ready.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
如果用户想将示例中的 StatefulSet 收缩为 `replicas=1`，首先被终止的是 web-2。在 web-2 没有被完全停止和删除前，web-1 不会被终止。当 web-2 已被终止和删除、web-1尚未被终止，如果在此期间发生 web-0 运行失败，那么就不会终止 web-1，必须等到 web-0 进入 Running 和 Ready 状态后才会终止 web-1。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Pod Management Policies
|
||||
In Kubernetes 1.7 and later, StatefulSet allows you to relax its ordering guarantees while
|
||||
preserving its uniqueness and identity guarantees via its `.spec.podManagementPolicy` field.
|
||||
|
||||
#### OrderedReady Pod Management
|
||||
|
||||
`OrderedReady` pod management is the default for StatefulSets. It implements the behavior
|
||||
described [above](#deployment-and-scaling-guarantees).
|
||||
|
||||
#### Parallel Pod Management
|
||||
|
||||
`Parallel` pod management tells the StatefulSet controller to launch or
|
||||
terminate all Pods in parallel, and to not wait for Pods to become Running
|
||||
and Ready or completely terminated prior to launching or terminating another
|
||||
Pod.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### Pod 管理策略
|
||||
在 Kubernetes 1.7及以后的版本中，StatefulSet 允许您放松其排序保证，同时通过它的 `.spec.podManagementPolicy` 域保持其唯一性和身份保证。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 有序的 Pod 管理
|
||||
|
||||
`有序的` Pod 管理是 StatefulSet 的默认功能。它实现了 [上面](#deployment-and-scaling-guarantees)描述的行为。
|
||||
|
||||
#### 并行的 Pod 管理
|
||||
|
||||
`并行` Pod 管理让 StatefulSet 控制器并行的启动或终止所有的 Pod，启动或者终止其他 Pod 前，无需等待 Pod 进入 Running 和 ready 或者完全停止状态。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Update Strategies
|
||||
|
||||
In Kubernetes 1.7 and later, StatefulSet's `.spec.updateStrategy` field allows you to configure
|
||||
and disable automated rolling updates for containers, labels, resource request/limits, and
|
||||
annotations for the Pods in a StatefulSet.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 更新策略
|
||||
|
||||
在 Kubernetes 1.7 及以后的版本中，StatefulSet 的 `.spec.updateStrategy` 字段让您可以配置和禁用掉自动滚动更新 Pod 的容器、标签、资源请求／限制、以及注解。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### On Delete
|
||||
|
||||
The `OnDelete` update strategy implements the legacy (1.6 and prior) behavior. When a StatefulSet's
|
||||
`.spec.updateStrategy.type` is set to `OnDelete`, the StatefulSet controller will not automatically
|
||||
update the Pods in a StatefulSet. Users must manually delete Pods to cause the controller to
|
||||
create new Pods that reflect modifications made to a StatefulSet's `.spec.template`.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### On Delete
|
||||
|
||||
`OnDelete` 更新策略实现了 1.6 及以前版本的历史遗留行为。当 StatefulSet 的 `.spec.updateStrategy.type` 设置为 `OnDelete` 时，它的控制器将不会自动更新 StatefulSet 中的 Pod。用户必须手动删除 Pod 以便让控制器创建新的 Pod，以此来对 StatefulSet 的 `.spec.template` 的变动作出反应。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### Rolling Updates
|
||||
|
||||
The `RollingUpdate` update strategy implements automated, rolling update for the Pods in a
|
||||
StatefulSet. It is the default strategy when `.spec.updateStrategy` is left unspecified. When a StatefulSet's `.spec.updateStrategy.type` is set to `RollingUpdate`, the
|
||||
StatefulSet controller will delete and recreate each Pod in the StatefulSet. It will proceed
|
||||
in the same order as Pod termination (from the largest ordinal to the smallest), updating
|
||||
each Pod one at a time. It will wait until an updated Pod is Running and Ready prior to
|
||||
updating its predecessor.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### 滚动更新（Rolling Updates）
|
||||
|
||||
`RollingUpdate` 更新策略对 StatefulSet 中的 Pod 执行自动的滚动更新。在没有声明`.spec.updateStrategy`时，`RollingUpdate` 是默认配置。
|
||||
当 StatefulSet 的 `.spec.updateStrategy.type` 被设置为 `RollingUpdate` 时，StatefulSet 控制器会删除和重建 StatefulSet 中的每个 Pod。
|
||||
它将按照与 Pod 终止相同的顺序（从最大序号到最小序号）进行，每次更新一个 Pod。它会等到被更新的 Pod 进入 Running 和 Ready状态，然后再更新其前身。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
#### Partitions
|
||||
|
||||
The `RollingUpdate` update strategy can be partitioned, by specifying a
|
||||
`.spec.updateStrategy.rollingUpdate.partition`. If a partition is specified, all Pods with an
|
||||
ordinal that is greater than or equal to the partition will be updated when the StatefulSet's
|
||||
`.spec.template` is updated. All Pods with an ordinal that is less than the partition will not
|
||||
be updated, and, even if they are deleted, they will be recreated at the previous version. If a
|
||||
StatefulSet's `.spec.updateStrategy.rollingUpdate.partition` is greater than its `.spec.replicas`,
|
||||
updates to its `.spec.template` will not be propagated to its Pods.
|
||||
In most cases you will not need to use a partition, but they are useful if you want to stage an
|
||||
update, roll out a canary, or perform a phased roll out.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
#### 分区
|
||||
|
||||
通过声明 `.spec.updateStrategy.rollingUpdate.partition`的方式，`RollingUpdate` 更新策略可以实现分区。如果声明了一个分区，当 StatefulSet 的`.spec.template` 被更新时，所有序号大于等于该分区序号的 Pod 都会被更新。所有序号小于该分区序号的 Pod 都不会被更新，并且，即使他们被删除也会依据之前的版本进行重建。如果 StatefulSet 的 `.spec.updateStrategy.rollingUpdate.partition` 大于它的 `.spec.replicas`，对它的 `.spec.template` 的更新将不会传递到它的 Pod。
|
||||
在大多数情况下，您不需要使用分区，但如果您希望进行阶段更新、执行金丝雀或执行分阶段展开，则这些分区会非常有用。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
{{% capture whatsnext %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
* Follow an example of [deploying a stateful application](/docs/tutorials/stateful-application/basic-stateful-set/).
|
||||
* Follow an example of [deploying Cassandra with Stateful Sets](/docs/tutorials/stateful-application/cassandra/).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
* 示例一： [部署有状态应用](/docs/tutorials/stateful-application/basic-stateful-set/)。
|
||||
* 示例二： [使用 StatefulSet 部署 Cassandra](/docs/tutorials/stateful-application/cassandra/)。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
{{% /capture %}}
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user