Merge release 1.12 into release 1.13 (#14171)

* ZH-trans: Update coarse-parallel-processing-work-queue.md (#11862)

* ZH-trans: Update coarse-parallel-processing-work-queue.md

* Update coarse-parallel-processing-work-queue.md

* zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller.md (#11799)

* docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller.md

* docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller.md

* docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller.md

* fix

* fix

* fix

* zh-trans: /docs/contribute/style/kubernetes-components.md (#11838)

Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn>

zh-trans: /docs/contribute/generate-ref-docs/kubernetes-components.md; update

Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn>

* Update weave-network-policy.md (#11858)

* ZH-trans: add Update define-environment-variable-container.md (#11859)

* Update define-environment-variable-container.md

* Update define-environment-variable-container.md

* Update define-environment-variable-container.md

* Update define-environment-variable-container.md

* Update define-environment-variable-container.md

* Update fine-parallel-processing-work-queue.md (#11863)

* Update fine-parallel-processing-work-queue.md

* Update fine-parallel-processing-work-queue.md

* Update setup-extension-api-server.md (#11864)

* zh-trans: add / docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-join.md (#11798)

* zh-trans: add / docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-join.md

zh-trans: add / docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-join.md

* Update kubeadm-join.md

* Create kubeadm_join.md

* zh-trans: update docs/concepts/containers/images.md (#11877)

* zh-trans: update docs/concepts/containers/images.md

* zh-trans: update docs/concepts/containers/images.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane.md (#11878)

* 更新第 115 行翻译

* zh_trans: kubeadm_token_generate.md (#11884)

* zh_trans: kubeadm_token_generate.md

zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_token_generate.md

* Better translation  

Better translation
 

* zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-initialization.md (#11886)

zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-initialization.md

* zh-trans:add content/zh/docs/reference/issues-security (#11890)

* zh-trans: add content/zh/docs/tutorials/online-training/overview.md (#11892)

* zh_trans: kubeadm_token_delete.md (#11883)

* zh_trans: kubeadm_token_delete.md

zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_token_create.md

* fix tpye error

fix tpye error

*  Better translation  

Better translation

* zh_trans: independent/create-cluster-kubeadm.md (#11882)

* zh_trans: independent/create-cluster-kubeadm.md

zh_trans: docs/setup/independent/create-cluster-kubeadm.md

* fix word style error

* fix type error

* better zhtran

better zhtran

* fix "Create" -> "create"

fix "Create" -> "create"

* zh-trans: add docs⁩/concept⁨s/storage/storage-classes.md (#11788)

* ZH-trans: fixing formatting errors (#11661)

* ZH-trans: fixing formatting errors

* Update ZH-trans: fixing formatting errors

storage-classes zh part 1

* storage-classes zh trans

* fix typo

update trans for provisioner & fix typo

* fix typo

* 根据校对更新翻译

* zh_trans: kubeadm-token.md (#11898)

zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-token.md

* zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/quality-service-pod.md (#11900)

* zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/quality-service-pod.md

zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/quality-service-pod.md

* Update quality-service-pod.md

* zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node.md (#11897)

zh_trans: Path:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node.md

* zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/storage/volumes.md (#11767)

* zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/storage/volumes.md

zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/storage/volumes.md

* Update volumes.md

* Update volumes.md

* self-review

* Update volumes.md

* fix docs format error (#11934)

fix docs format error of https://v1-12.docs.kubernetes.io/zh/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-join/

* Update cloud-controller.md (#11922)

* zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/approver.md (#11924)

zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/approver.md

* zh-trans: add docs/setup/on-premises-vm/dcos.md (#11891)

* zh-trans: add docs/setup/on-premises-vm/dcos.md

* Update content/zh/docs/setup/on-premises-vm/dcos.md

Co-Authored-By: SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com>

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-persistent-vo… (#11915)

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-persistent-volume-storage.md

zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-persistent-volume-storage.md

* Update configure-persistent-volume-storage.md

* zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha.md (#11902)

* zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha.md

zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha.md

* Better translation

Better translation

* zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/downstream.md (#11931)

* zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/downstream.md

zh-trans: /docs/reference/glossary/downstream.md

* Update downstream.md

* Update downstream.md

* ZH-trans: Update install-kubeadm.md (#11955)

* fix typo of install-kubeadm.md

fix typo of install-kubeadm.md

* Update install-kubeadm.md

* zh-trans: add kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_all.md (#11952)

* zh-trans: add /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_all.md

zh-trans: add /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_all.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_all.md

* renew 的翻译更新为续期

* zh-trans:kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-peer.md (#11953)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-peer.md

/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-peer.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-peer.md

* zh-trans: /docs/contribute/generate-ref-docs/kubectl.md (#11941)

Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn>

* fix docs format error (#11936)

fix docs format error of https://v1-12.docs.kubernetes.io/zh/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-config/

* Update pull request (#11921)

* Update pull request (#11960)

* ZH-trans: add kubefed-options.md (#11956)

* Update ZH-trans: add kubefed-options.md

* Update kubefed-options.md

* ZH-trans: add generated/... (#11880)

* Update pull request

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew.md

* Update pull request (#11881)

* ZH-trans: add generated/... (#11879)

* Update pull request

* Resolving file conflicts

* zh-trans: add zh/ docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-servic… (#11889)

* zh-trans: add zh/ docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-service-account.md

zh-trans: add zh/ docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-service-account.md

* Update configure-service-account.md

* Update configure-service-account.md

* zh-trans: update docs/concepts/cluster-administration/kubelet-garbage-collection.md (#11875)

* zh-trans: update docs/concepts/cluster-administration/kubelet-garbage-collection.md

* zh-trans: update docs/concepts/cluster-administration/kubelet-garbage-collection.md

* zh-trans:update kubelet-garbage-collection.md

* zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_user.md (#11901)

* zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_user.md

zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_user.md

* Better translation

* zh-trans:add docs/reference/using-api/client-libraries.md (#11958)

* zh-trans:add docs/reference/using-api/client-libraries.md

* Update content/zh/docs/reference/using-api/client-libraries.md

Co-Authored-By: SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com>

* zh-trans: add pull-image-private-registry.md (#11912)

* zh-trans: add pull-image-private-registry.md

zh-trans: add pull-image-private-registry.md

* Update pull-image-private-registry.md

* Update pull-image-private-registry.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_annotate-cri.md (#11972)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_annotate-cri.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_annotate-cri.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config.md (#11974)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config.md

* fix Typo "##" -> "## " (#12011)

* fix Typo "##" -> "## "

fix Typo "##" -> "## "

* update basic-stateful-set.md

* fix web style error (#12010)

fix web style error

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_selfhosting.md (#12006)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_apiserver.md (#12005)

* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/resource-usage-monitor… (#11995)

* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/resource-usage-monitoring.md

zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/resource-usage-monitoring.md

* Update resource-usage-monitoring.md

* Update resource-usage-monitoring.md

* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/core-metrics-pipeline.md (#11990)

zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/core-metrics-pipeline.md

* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/troubleshooting.md (#11989)

zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/troubleshooting.md

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver-kubelet-client.md (#11969)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver-kubelet-client.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver-kubelet-client.md

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-init-containers.md (#11962)

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-init-containers.md

zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-init-containers.md

* Update debug-init-containers.md

* zh-trans: docs/reference/glossary/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md (#11930)

* zh-trans: docs/reference/glossary/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md

zh-trans: docs/reference/glossary/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md

* Update horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md

* zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-projected… (#11911)

* zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-projected-volume-storage.md

zh-trans: add /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-projected-volume-storage.md

* Update configure-projected-volume-storage.md

* Update configure-projected-volume-storage.md

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/extended-resource.md (#11918)

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/extended-resource.md

zh-trans: /docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/extended-resource.md

* Update extended-resource.md

* Update extended-resource.md

* zh-trans: add translate-compose-kubernetes.md (#11910)

* zh-trans: add translate-compose-kubernetes.md

zh-trans: add translate-compose-kubernetes.md

* Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md

* Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md

* Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md

* Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md

* Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md

* Update translate-compose-kubernetes.md

* zh-trans: zh/docs/reference/glossary/flexvolume.md (#11925)

* zh-trans: zh/docs/reference/glossary/flexvolume.md

zh-trans: zh/docs/reference/glossary/flexvolume.md

* Update flexvolume.md

* zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_create.md (#11947)

* zh_trans: kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_create.md

zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_create.md

* better translation  

better translation  

* zh-trans:add docs/setup/turnkey/alibaba-cloud.md (#11959)

* zh_trans: kubeadm_completion.md (#11895)

* zh_trans: kubeadm_completion.md

zh_trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node.md

* Better translation  

Better translation

* Update kubeadm_completion.md

* better translation

better translation

* zh-trans: add /zh/ docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/crictl.md (#11961)

* zh-trans: add /zh/ docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/crictl.md

zh-trans: add /zh/ docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/crictl.md

* Update crictl.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_front-proxy-ca.md (#11968)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md (#11970)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_all.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md (#11971)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md

* ZH-trans: Fixed some incorrect translations (#11973)

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/determine-reason-pod-… (#11977)

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/determine-reason-pod-failure.md

zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/determine-reason-pod-failure.md

* Update determine-reason-pod-failure.md

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/local-debugging.md (#11988)

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/local-debugging.md

zh-trans: /docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/local-debugging.md

* Update local-debugging.md

* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/events-stackdriver.md (#11996)

zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/events-stackdriver.md

* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-cont… (#11998)

* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-container.md

zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-container.md

* Update get-shell-running-container.md

* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/logging-elasticsearch-kibana.md (#12001)

zh-trans:/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/logging-elasticsearch-kibana.md

* ZH-trans: ad kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_write-to-disk.md (#12004)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_write-to-disk.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_write-to-disk.md

* Remove old-generated kubefed docs (generated on 25-march-2018) (#12093)

* Update _index.md (#12061)

* Update kubeadm_reset.md (#12047)

* ZH-trasn: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_controller-manager.md (#12032)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_controller-manager.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_controller-manager.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_preflight_node.md (#12035)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_preflight_node.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_preflight_node.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_preflight_node.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_scheduler.md (#12031)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_scheduler.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_controlplane_scheduler.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node_allow-post-csrs.md (#12039)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node_allow-post-csrs.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node_allow-post-csrs.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_write-env-file.md (#12034)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_write-env-file.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_write-env-file.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_upgrade_node_experimental-control-plane.md (#12036)

* Create kubeadm_upgrade_node_experimental-control-plane.md

* Update kubeadm_upgrade_node_experimental-control-plane.md

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_bootstrap-token_node_allow-auto-approve.md (#12038)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_etcd.md (#12040)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-server.md (#12041)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-server.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-server.md

* Update advanced.md (#12044)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-healthcheck-client.md (#12042)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-healthcheck-client.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-healthcheck-client.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_etcd-healthcheck-client.md

* Update kubeadm_version.md (#12046)

* Update _index.md (#12063)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_version.md (#12085)

zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_version.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-peer.md (#12037)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-peer.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-peer.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-peer.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_download.md (#12033)

* Create kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_download.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_download.md

* zh-trans: add docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/_index.md (#12048)

* zh-trans: update cpu-constraint-namespace.md and cpu-default-namespace.md (#12106)

* ZH-trans: update kubeadm_alpha_phase_upload-config.md (#12110)

* zh-tran: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_unjoin.md (#12022)

* zh-tran: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_unjoin.md

zh-tran: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_unjoin.md

* Update kubefed_unjoin.md

* Update kubefed_unjoin.md

* Update kubefed_unjoin.md

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_… (#12114)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver.md

zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver.md

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/kubectl/docker-cli-to-kubectl.md (#12088)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/kubectl/docker-cli-to-kubectl.md

zh-trans:/docs/reference/kubectl/docker-cli-to-kubectl.md

* Update docker-cli-to-kubectl.md

* zh-trans: /docs/reference/kubectl/conventions.md (#12089)

* zh-trans: /docs/reference/kubectl/conventions.md

zh-trans: /docs/reference/kubectl/conventions.md

* Update conventions.md

* zh-trans organize-cluster-access-kubeconfig.md (#12094)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed.md (#12086)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed.md

zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed.md

* Update kubefed.md

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_join.md (#12029)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_join.md

zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_join.md

* Update kubefed_join.md

* Update kubefed_join.md

* zh-trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_init.md (#12020)

* zh-trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_init.md

zh-trans: /docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_init.md

* Update kubefed_init.md

* Update kubefed_init.md

* Update kubefed_init.md

* zh-trans: add docs/setup/independent/control-plane-flags.md (#12043)

* zh-trans: add docs/setup/independent/control-plane-flags.md

* update content/zh/docs/setup/independent/control-plane-flags.md

* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl.md (#11992)

* configure-aggregation-layer.md

* configure-aggregation-layer.md

* configure-aggregation-layer.md

* configure-aggregation-layer.md

* Update configure-aggregation-layer.md

* .

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* zh-trans: add /docs/concepts/cluster-administration/manage-deployment.md (#11899)

* add /docs/concepts/cluster-administration/manage-deployment.md

* 更新部分翻译,去除多余的反引号

* 更新部分翻译

* zh-trans: add docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-sc.md (#12045)

* zh-trans: add docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-sc.md

* update docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-sc.md

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_options.md (#12087)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_options.md

zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed/kubefed_options.md

* Update kubefed_options.md

* Update kubefed_options.md

* zh-trans: Fix some blog links issue (#12115)

* zh-trans: Fix some blog links issue

* Revert the space change

* update Set Kubelet parameters via a config file (#12150)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_all.md (#12185)

zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_all.md

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_… (#12184)

* zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_etcd_local.md

zh-trans:/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_etcd_local.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_etcd_local.md

* zh-trans: kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_upload.md (#12130)

zh-trans: kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_upload.md

* zh-trans: kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_admin.md (#12131)

zh-trans: kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_admin.md

* zh-trans: /docs/contribute/generate-ref-docs/kubernetes-api.md (#12141)

Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn>

* zh-trans:/docs/concepts/overview/object-management-kubectl/imperative… (#12151)

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* ZH-trans: added a blog post Chinese translation: 2018-05-01-developing-on-kubernetes.md (#12009)

* added a blog post chinese translation

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apply some suggested changes per review comments

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cont to review and improve the wording, up to squash

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* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_enable-dynamic.md (#12209)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubelet_config_enable-dynamic.md

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* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver.md (#12210)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_renew_apiserver.md

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* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_front-proxy-client.md (#12212)

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* ZH-trans: add rbac.md (#12263)

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* ZH-trans: add persistent-volume-claim.md (#12264)

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* Update docker-cli-to-kubectl.md (#12288)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_selfhosting_convert-from-staticpods.md (#12285)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_selfhosting_convert-from-staticpods.md

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* ZH-trans: add coredns.md (#12282)

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* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-healthcheck-client.md (#12286)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_etcd-healthcheck-client.md

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* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_kubelet.md (#12284)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_kubeconfig_kubelet.md

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* ZH-trans: add service-account.md (#12261)

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* ZH-trans: add security-context.md (#12262)

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* fix typo "_必须_" -> "必须" (#12300)

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* Create explore-interactive.html (#12311)

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fix docs style error

* ZH-trans: add kube-controller-manager.md (#12260)

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* zh-trans: /docs/contribute/localization.md (#12295)

Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn>

zh-trans: /docs/contribute/localization.md; update

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* ZH-trans: update tools.md (#12320)

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* ZH-trans: fix "kubead -config" -> "kubeadm-config" (#12319)

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zh-trans: /docs/tasks/administer-cluster/limit-storage-consumption.md

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* update link to SSH tunneling (#12615)

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* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/setup/certificates.md (#12620)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver-kubelet-client.md (#12619)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver-kubelet-client.md

* Update kubeadm_alpha_phase_certs_apiserver-kubelet-client.md

* zh-trans: node-conformance.md (#12356)

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* zh-trans: translate docs/getting-started-guides/ubuntu/operational-co… (#12353)

* zh-trans: translate docs/getting-started-guides/ubuntu/operational-considerations.md

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* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/administer-federation/events.md (#12411)

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* zh-trans: /docs/setup/turnkey/azure.md (#12412)

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* zh-trans:/docs/tasks/administer-federation/hpa.md & /docs/tasks/administer-cluster/extended-resource-node.md (#12432)

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* zh-trans: developing-cloud-controller-manager.md (#12413)

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* ZH-trans: add 2018-05-01-developing-on-kubernetes.md (#12814)

* ZH-trans: update encrypt-data.md (#12939)

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* ZH-trans: add example-task-template.md (#12940)

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* Added Instana to tools (#12978)

Instana is already available in the english version of the text, therefore I added it here too. Hope my skills were enough to make the text still correct :-)

* ZH-trans: add expose-interactive.html (#12965)

* ZH-trans: add expose-interactive.html

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* ZH-trans: add cloudstack.md (#12967)

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* ZH-trans: add container-lifecycle-hooks.md (#12941)

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* translate content/zh/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/dns-debugging-resolution.md to chinese (#12904)

* ZH-trans: add expose-external-ip-address.md (#12955)

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* ZH-trans: add dns-horizontal-autoscaling.md (#12948)

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* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/concepts/_index.md (#13182)

* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/node.md (#13181)

* Update dns-horizontal-autoscaling.md (#13119)

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* ZH-trans: add 2018-10-03-kubedirector.md (#13048)

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* ZH-trans: add guestbook.md (#12953)

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* ZH-trans: add set-up-placement-policies-federation.md (#12947)

* ZH-trans: add set-up-placement-policies-federation.md

* update pull request

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* ZH-trans: add service-accounts-admin.md (#13047)

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* ZH-trans: add update-api-object-kubectl-patch.md (#12943)

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* ZH-trans: add parallel-processing-expansion.md (#12944)

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* zh-trans: add 2018-12-05-new-contributor-shanghai.md (#12778)

* add zh 2017-03-00-Five-Days-Of-Kubernetes-1-6.md

add zh 2018-12-05-new-contributor-shanghai.md

* Delete 2017-03-00-Five-Days-Of-Kubernetes-1-6.md

* zh-trans: /docs/contribute/style/write-new-topic.md (#12572)

Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn>

zh-trans: /docs/contribute/style/write-new-topic.md; update

Signed-off-by: liyuan198251 <li.yuan4@zte.com.cn>

* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/setup/salt.md (#13202)

* zh-trans: add docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/generated/kubeadm_token.md (#13198)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_upgrade_diff.md (#13170)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm_upgrade_diff.md

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* zh-trans: update docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authorization.md (#13180)

* zh-trans: update docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-config.md (#13179)

* zh-trans: add docs/concepts/storage/dynamic-provisioning.md (#13171)

* ZH-trans: add 2015-05-00-Kubernetes-On-Openstack.md (#13149)

* ZH-trans: add Kubernetes开源项目产品经理

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* ZH-trans: add 2015-03-00-Welcome-To-Kubernetes-Blog.md (#13131)

* ZH-trans: add 2015-03-00-Welcome-To-Kubernetes-Blog.md

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* ZH-trans: add 2015-06-00-Slides-Cluster-Management-With.md (#13123)

* ZH-trans: add 2015-06-00-Slides-Cluster-Management-With.md

* Update 2015-06-00-Slides-Cluster-Management-With.md

* Create 2015-03-00-Kubernetes-Gathering-Videos.md (#13124)

* ZH-trans: add 2015-03-00-Weekly-Kubernetes-Community-Hangout.md (#13129)

* ZH-trans: add 2015-03-00-Weekly-Kubernetes-Community-Hangout.md

* Update 2015-03-00-Weekly-Kubernetes-Community-Hangout.md

* ZH-trans: add 2015-04-00-Kubernetes-Release-0150.md (#13130)

* ZH-trans: add 2015-04-00-Kubernetes-Release-0150.md

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* ZH-trans: add 2015-04-00-Weekly-Kubernetes-Community-Hangout_17.md (#13132)

* ZH-trans: add 2015-04-00-Weekly-Kubernetes-Community-Hangout_17.md

* Update 2015-04-00-Weekly-Kubernetes-Community-Hangout_17.md

* Update 2015-04-00-Weekly-Kubernetes-Community-Hangout_17.md

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* ZH-trans: add 2015-04-00-Weekly-Kubernetes-Community-Hangout_29.md (#13147)

* ZH-trans: add 2015-05-00-Weekly-Kubernetes-Community-Hangout.md (#13148)

* ZH-trans: add flannel_multi_node_cluster.md (#13195)

* ZH-trans: add flannel_multi_node_cluster.md

* Update flannel_multi_node_cluster.md

* Update flannel_multi_node_cluster.md

* zh-trans: add docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/kubelet-authentication-authorization.md (#13200)

* zh-trans: add docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/kubelet-authentication-authorization.md

* Update kubelet-authentication-authorization.md

* zh-trans: /docs/tasks/administer-cluster/out-of-resource.md (#12879)

* configure-aggregation-layer.md

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* zh-trans: update docs/setup/node-conformance.md (#13201)

* zh-trans: update docs/setup/node-conformance.md

* zh-trans: update docs/setup/on-premises-vm/dcos.md

* zh-trans: add content/zh/blog/_posts/2018-10-15-steering-election-results.md (#13227)

* zh-trans: add content/zh/blog/_posts/2018-10-15-steering-election-results.md

* Update content/zh/blog/_posts/2018-10-15-steering-election-results.md

Co-Authored-By: SataQiu <1527062125@qq.com>

* Add @xichengliudui to sig-docs-zh-owners (release-1.12) (#13167)

* Add @xichengliudui to sig-docs-zh-owners

* Update OWNERS_ALIASES

* ZH-trans: add coreos.md (#13193)

* ZH-trans: coreos.md

* Update coreos.md

* Update coreos.md

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* add SataQiu as a sig-docs-zh-owner (#13271)

* Fix relative links issue in zh content (#13312)

* `http://kubernetes.io/docs/` -> `/docs/`

* `https://kubernetes.io/docs/` -> `/docs/`

* zh-trans: add docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-upgrade.md (#13194)

* zh-trans: add docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-upgrade.md

* Update content/zh/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm-upgrade.md

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* Update kubeadm-upgrade.md

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm-upgrade-ha-1-12.md (#13306)

* ZH-trans: add kubeadm-upgrade-ha-1-12.md

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* Update kubeadm-upgrade-ha-1-12.md

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* Update kubeadm-upgrade-ha-1-12.md

* Update kubeadm-upgrade-ha-1-12.md

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* Update config.toml (#13408)

* zh-trans: add content/zh/blog/_posts/2018-11-08-kubernetes-docs-update-i18n.md (#13221)

* zh-trans: add content/zh/docs/reference/kubernetes-api/labels-annotations-taints.md (#13236)

* zh-trans: add content/zh/blog/_posts/2018-10-16-kubernetes-2018-north-american-contributor-summit.md (#13274)

* zh-trans: add content/zh/docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-helm.md (#13268)

* zh-trans: add content/zh/docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-helm.md

* Update content/zh/docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-helm.md

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* Update content/zh/docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-helm.md

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* Update content/zh/docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-helm.md

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* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/tasks/service-catalog/install-service-catalog-using-helm.md

* ZH-trans: add 2017-10-00-Five-Days-Of-Kubernetes-18.md (#13427)

* ZH-trans: add 2017-10-00-Five-Days-Of-Kubernetes-18.md

* Update 2017-10-00-Five-Days-Of-Kubernetes-18.md

* zh-trans: add content/zh/docs/tasks/administer-federation/daemonset.md (#13239)

* message

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* remove data.json

* ZH-trans: add aws.md (#13276)

* ZH-trans: add aws.md

* Update aws.md

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* ZH-trans: add cluster-interactive.html (#13479)

* ZH-trans: add cluster-interactive.html

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* ZH-trans: add update-intro.html (#13480)

* Create update-intro.html

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* ZH-trans: add README.md (#13235)

* ZH-trans: add vendoring

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* zh: docs/cocepts/cluster-administration/logging.md (#13541)

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* zh-trans: update docker-cli-to-kubectl.md (#13591)

* Update docker-cli-to-kubectl.md

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* zh-trans: update advanced.md (#13592)

* ZH-trans: add 2017-11-00-Autoscaling-In-Kubernetes.md (#13424)

* ZH-trans: add 2017-11-00-Autoscaling-In-Kubernetes.md

* Update 2017-11-00-Autoscaling-In-Kubernetes.md

* ZH-trans: add fedora_manual_config.md (#13439)

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* zh-trans: content/zh/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labe… (#12277)

* zh-trans: content/zh/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels.md

* update trans

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*  zh: docs/contribute/start.md trans (#13632)

* zh:docs/contribute/start.md trans

* Update start.md

* Update start.md

* Update start.md

* Update start.md

* Update content/zh/docs/contribute/start.md

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* Update content/zh/docs/contribute/start.md

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* Update content/zh/docs/contribute/start.md

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* zh-trans: update docs/reference/setup-tools/kubefed (#13729)

* Update 2017-10-00-Five-Days-Of-Kubernetes-18.md (#13472)

* zh-trans: add configure-multiple-schedulers.md (#13492)

* zh-trans: add configure-multiple-schedulers.md

* Update content/zh/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/configure-multiple-schedulers.md

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* Update content/zh/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/configure-multiple-schedulers.md

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* Update configure-multiple-schedulers.md

* Update configure-multiple-schedulers.md

* Update content/zh/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/configure-multiple-schedulers.md

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* Update content/zh/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/configure-multiple-schedulers.md

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* Update content/zh/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/configure-multiple-schedulers.md

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* Update configure-multiple-schedulers.md

* zh-trans: add docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/share-process-namespace.md (#13551)

* zh-trans: add docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/share-process-namespace.md

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* zh-trans: update docs/admin/accessing-the-api.md (#13744)

* zh-trans: add content/zh/blog/_posts/2018-10-11-topology-aware-volume-provisioning.md (#13303)

* ZH-trans: add 2016-02-00-Kubecon-Eu-2016-Kubernetes-Community-In.md (#13241)

* ZH-trans: add 2016-02-00-Kubecon-Eu-2016-Kubernetes-Community-In.md

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* ZH-trans: add  2016-07-00-Citrix-Netscaler-And-Kubernetes.md (#13242)

* ZH-trans: add  2016-07-00-Citrix-Netscaler-And-Kubernetes.md

* Update 2016-07-00-Citrix-Netscaler-And-Kubernetes.md

* Update 2016-07-00-Citrix-Netscaler-And-Kubernetes.md

* zh-trans: update docs/admin/bootstrap-tokens.md (#13770)

* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/cluster-large.md (#13771)

* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/kube-apiserver.md (#13774)

* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/kube-apiserver.md

* Update kube-apiserver.md

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* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/multiple-zones.md (#13775)

* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/multiple-zones.md

* Update multiple-zones.md

* zh-trans: update node-conformance.md and ovs-networking.md (#13776)

* zh-trans: update high-availability/_index.md and authorization/webhook.md (#13780)

* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/_index.md (#13779)

* zh-trans: update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/_index.md

* Update _index.md

* Update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/_index.md

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* Update content/zh/docs/admin/authorization/_index.md

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title: "Storage"
weight: 70
---
-->
-->
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---
title: 动态卷供应
content_template: templates/concept
weight: 40
---
<!--
---
reviewers:
- saad-ali
- jsafrane
- thockin
- msau42
title: Dynamic Volume Provisioning
content_template: templates/concept
weight: 40
---
-->
{{% capture overview %}}
<!--
Dynamic volume provisioning allows storage volumes to be created on-demand.
Without dynamic provisioning, cluster administrators have to manually make
calls to their cloud or storage provider to create new storage volumes, and
then create [`PersistentVolume` objects](/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/)
to represent them in Kubernetes. The dynamic provisioning feature eliminates
the need for cluster administrators to pre-provision storage. Instead, it
automatically provisions storage when it is requested by users.
-->
动态卷供应允许按需创建存储卷。
如果没有动态供应,集群管理员必须手动地联系他们的云或存储提供商来创建新的存储卷,
然后在 Kubernetes 集群创建 [`PersistentVolume` 对象](/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/)来表示这些卷。
动态供应功能消除了集群管理员预先配置存储的需要。 相反,它在用户请求时自动供应存储。
{{% /capture %}}
{{% capture body %}}
<!--
## Background
-->
## 背景
<!--
The implementation of dynamic volume provisioning is based on the API object `StorageClass`
from the API group `storage.k8s.io`. A cluster administrator can define as many
`StorageClass` objects as needed, each specifying a *volume plugin* (aka
*provisioner*) that provisions a volume and the set of parameters to pass to
that provisioner when provisioning.
-->
动态卷供应的实现基于 `storage.k8s.io` API 组中的 `StorageClass` API 对象。
集群管理员可以根据需要定义多个 `StorageClass` 对象,每个对象指定一个*卷插件*(又名 *provisioner*),
卷插件向卷供应商提供在创建卷时需要的数据卷信息及相关参数。
<!--
A cluster administrator can define and expose multiple flavors of storage (from
the same or different storage systems) within a cluster, each with a custom set
of parameters. This design also ensures that end users dont have to worry
about the complexity and nuances of how storage is provisioned, but still
have the ability to select from multiple storage options.
-->
集群管理员可以在集群中定义和公开多种存储(来自相同或不同的存储系统),每种都具有自定义参数集。
该设计也确保终端用户不必担心存储供应的复杂性和细微差别,但仍然能够从多个存储选项中进行选择。
<!--
More information on storage classes can be found
[here](/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/#storageclasses).
-->
点击[这里](/docs/concepts/storage/persistent-volumes/#storageclasses)查阅有关存储类的更多信息。
<!--
## Enabling Dynamic Provisioning
-->
## 启用动态卷供应
<!--
To enable dynamic provisioning, a cluster administrator needs to pre-create
one or more StorageClass objects for users.
StorageClass objects define which provisioner should be used and what parameters
should be passed to that provisioner when dynamic provisioning is invoked.
The following manifest creates a storage class "slow" which provisions standard
disk-like persistent disks.
-->
要启用动态供应功能,集群管理员需要为用户预先创建一个或多个 `StorageClass` 对象。
`StorageClass` 对象定义在进行动态卷供应时应使用哪个卷供应商,以及应该将哪些参数传递给该供应商。
以下清单创建了一个存储类 "slow",它提供类似标准磁盘的永久磁盘。
```yaml
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: slow
provisioner: kubernetes.io/gce-pd
parameters:
type: pd-standard
```
<!--
The following manifest creates a storage class "fast" which provisions
SSD-like persistent disks.
-->
以下清单创建了一个 "fast" 存储类,它提供类似 SSD 的永久磁盘。
```yaml
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: fast
provisioner: kubernetes.io/gce-pd
parameters:
type: pd-ssd
```
<!--
## Using Dynamic Provisioning
-->
## 使用动态卷供应
<!--
Users request dynamically provisioned storage by including a storage class in
their `PersistentVolumeClaim`. Before Kubernetes v1.6, this was done via the
`volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class` annotation.
-->
用户通过在 `PersistentVolumeClaim` 中包含存储类来请求动态供应的存储。
在 Kubernetes v1.6 之前,这通过 `volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class` 注解实现。
<!--
However, this annotation
is deprecated since v1.6. Users now can and should instead use the
`storageClassName` field of the `PersistentVolumeClaim` object. The value of
this field must match the name of a `StorageClass` configured by the
administrator (see [below](#enabling-dynamic-provisioning)).
-->
然而,这个注解自 v1.6 起就不被推荐使用了。
用户现在能够而且应该使用 `PersistentVolumeClaim` 对象的 `storageClassName` 字段。
这个字段的值必须能够匹配到集群管理员配置的 `StorageClass` 名称(见[下面](#enabling-dynamic-provisioning))。
<!--
To select the “fast” storage class, for example, a user would create the
following `PersistentVolumeClaim`:
-->
例如,要选择 "fast" 存储类,用户将创建如下的 `PersistentVolumeClaim`
```yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: claim1
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
storageClassName: fast
resources:
requests:
storage: 30Gi
```
<!--
This claim results in an SSD-like Persistent Disk being automatically
provisioned. When the claim is deleted, the volume is destroyed.
-->
该声明会自动供应一块类似 SSD 的永久磁盘。
在删除该声明后,这个卷也会被销毁。
<!--
## Defaulting Behavior
-->
## 默认行为
<!--
Dynamic provisioning can be enabled on a cluster such that all claims are
dynamically provisioned if no storage class is specified. A cluster administrator
can enable this behavior by:
-->
可以在群集上启用动态卷供应,以便在未指定存储类的情况下动态设置所有声明。
集群管理员可以通过以下方式启用此行为:
<!--
- Marking one `StorageClass` object as *default*;
- Making sure that the [`DefaultStorageClass` admission controller](/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/admission-controllers/#defaultstorageclass)
is enabled on the API server.
-->
- 标记一个 `StorageClass`*默认*
- 确保 [`DefaultStorageClass` 准入控制器](/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/admission-controllers/#defaultstorageclass)在 API 服务端被启用。
<!--
An administrator can mark a specific `StorageClass` as default by adding the
`storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class` annotation to it.
When a default `StorageClass` exists in a cluster and a user creates a
`PersistentVolumeClaim` with `storageClassName` unspecified, the
`DefaultStorageClass` admission controller automatically adds the
`storageClassName` field pointing to the default storage class.
-->
管理员可以通过向其添加 `storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class` 注解来将特定的 `StorageClass` 标记为默认。
当集群中存在默认的 `StorageClass` 并且用户创建了一个未指定 `storageClassName``PersistentVolumeClaim` 时,
`DefaultStorageClass` 准入控制器会自动向其中添加指向默认存储类的 `storageClassName` 字段。
<!--
Note that there can be at most one *default* storage class on a cluster, or
a `PersistentVolumeClaim` without `storageClassName` explicitly specified cannot
be created.
-->
请注意,群集上最多只能有一个 *默认* 存储类,否则无法创建没有明确指定 `storageClassName``PersistentVolumeClaim`
<!--
## Topology Awareness
-->
## 拓扑感知
<!--
In [Multi-Zone](/docs/setup/multiple-zones) clusters, Pods can be spread across
Zones in a Region. Single-Zone storage backends should be provisioned in the Zones where
Pods are scheduled. This can be accomplished by setting the [Volume Binding
Mode](/docs/concepts/storage/storage-classes/#volume-binding-mode).
-->
在[多区域](/docs/setup/multiple-zones)集群中,Pod 可以被分散到多个区域。
单区域存储后端应该被供应到 Pod 被调度到的区域。
这可以通过设置[卷绑定模式](/docs/concepts/storage/storage-classes/#volume-binding-mode)来实现。
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---
title: 特定于节点的卷数限制
content_template: templates/concept
---
<!-- ---
reviewers:
- jsafrane
- saad-ali
- thockin
- msau42
title: Node-specific Volume Limits
content_template: templates/concept
---
-->
{{% capture overview %}}
<!-- This page describes the maximum number of volumes that can be attached
to a Node for various cloud providers. -->
此页面描述了各个云供应商可关联至一个节点的最大卷数。
<!-- Cloud providers like Google, Amazon, and Microsoft typically have a limit on
how many volumes can be attached to a Node. It is important for Kubernetes to
respect those limits. Otherwise, Pods scheduled on a Node could get stuck
waiting for volumes to attach. -->
谷歌、亚马逊和微软等云供应商通常对可以关联到节点的卷数量进行限制。
Kubernetes 需要尊重这些限制。 否则,在节点上调度的 Pod 可能会卡住去等待卷的关联。
{{% /capture %}}
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<!-- ## Kubernetes default limits
The Kubernetes scheduler has default limits on the number of volumes
that can be attached to a Node: -->
## Kubernetes 的默认限制
The Kubernetes 调度器对关联于一个节点的卷数有默认限制:
<!--
<table>
<tr><th>Cloud service</th><th>Maximum volumes per Node</th></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://aws.amazon.com/ebs/">Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)</a></td><td>39</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://cloud.google.com/persistent-disk/">Google Persistent Disk</a></td><td>16</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/main-disks/">Microsoft Azure Disk Storage</a></td><td>16</td></tr>
</table>
-->
<table>
<tr><th>云服务</th><th>每节点最大卷数</th></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://aws.amazon.com/ebs/">Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)</a></td><td>39</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://cloud.google.com/persistent-disk/">Google Persistent Disk</a></td><td>16</td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/main-disks/">Microsoft Azure Disk Storage</a></td><td>16</td></tr>
</table>
<!-- ## Custom limits
You can change these limits by setting the value of the
`KUBE_MAX_PD_VOLS` environment variable, and then starting the scheduler.
Use caution if you set a limit that is higher than the default limit. Consult
the cloud provider's documentation to make sure that Nodes can actually support
the limit you set.
The limit applies to the entire cluster, so it affects all Nodes. -->
## 自定义限制
您可以通过设置 `KUBE_MAX_PD_VOLS` 环境变量的值来设置这些限制,然后再启动调度器。
如果设置的限制高于默认限制,请谨慎使用。请参阅云提供商的文档以确保节点可支持您设置的限制。
此限制应用于整个集群,所以它会影响所有节点。
<!-- ## Dynamic volume limits -->
## 动态卷限制
{{< feature-state state="beta" for_k8s_version="v1.12" >}}
<!-- Kubernetes 1.11 introduced support for dynamic volume limits based on Node type as an Alpha feature.
In Kubernetes 1.12 this feature is graduating to Beta and will be enabled by default.
Dynamic volume limits is supported for following volume types.
- Amazon EBS
- Google Persistent Disk
- Azure Disk
- CSI -->
Kubernetes 1.11 引入了基于节点类型的动态卷限制的支持作为 Alpha 功能。
在 Kubernetes 1.12 中,此功能升级到 Beta 版,将默认开启。
以下卷类型支持动态卷限制。
- Amazon EBS
- Google Persistent Disk
- Azure Disk
- CSI
<!-- When the dynamic volume limits feature is enabled, Kubernetes automatically
determines the Node type and enforces the appropriate number of attachable
volumes for the node. For example: -->
启用动态卷限制功能后,Kubernetes 会自动确定节点类型并确保节点上可关联的卷数目合规。 例如:
<!-- * On
<a href="https://cloud.google.com/compute/">Google Compute Engine</a>,
up to 128 volumes can be attached to a node, [depending on the node
type](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/disks/#pdnumberlimits).
* For Amazon EBS disks on M5,C5,R5,T3 and Z1D instance types, Kubernetes allows only 25
volumes to be attached to a Node. For other instance types on
<a href="https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/">Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)</a>,
Kubernetes allows 39 volumes to be attached to a Node.
* On Azure, up to 64 disks can be attached to a node, depending on the node type. For more details, refer to [Sizes for virtual machines in Azure](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/windows/sizes).
* For CSI, any driver that advertises volume attach limits via CSI specs will have those limits available as the Node's allocatable property
and the Scheduler will not schedule Pods with volumes on any Node that is already at its capacity. Refer to the [CSI specs](https://github.com/container-storage-interface/spec/blob/master/spec.md#nodegetinfo) for more details. -->
*
<a href="https://cloud.google.com/compute/">Google Compute Engine</a>环境中,
[根据节点类型](https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/disks/#pdnumberlimits)最多可以将128个卷关联到节点。
* 对于 M5、C5、R5、T3 和 Z1D 类型实例的 Amazon EBS 磁盘,Kubernetes 仅允许 25 个卷关联到节点。
对于 ec2 上的其他实例类型
<a href="https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/">Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)</a>,
Kubernetes 允许 39 个卷关联至节点。
* 在 Azure 环境中, 根据节点类型,最多 64 个磁盘可以关联至一个节点。
更多详细信息,请参阅[Azure 虚拟机的数量大小](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/windows/sizes)。
* 对于 CSI,任何符合 CSI 规范中卷关联限制的驱动都将这些限制作为 Node 的 allocatable 属性。调度器不会往已经达到其容量限制的任何节点上调度具有卷的Pod。 参考 [CSI 规范](https://github.com/container-storage-interface/spec/blob/master/spec.md#nodegetinfo) 获取更多详细信息。
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---
title: 卷快照类
content_template: templates/concept
weight: 30
---
{{% capture overview %}}
<!-- This document describes the concept of `VolumeSnapshotClass` in Kubernetes. Familiarity
with [volume snapshots](/docs/concepts/storage/volume-snapshots/) and
[storage classes](/docs/concepts/storage/storage-classes) is suggested. -->
本文档描述了 Kubernetes 中 `VolumeSnapshotClass` 的概念。 建议熟悉[卷快照(Volume Snapshots](/docs/concepts/storage/volume-snapshots/)和[存储类(Storage Class](/docs/concepts/storage/storage-classes)。
{{% /capture %}}
{{% capture body %}}
<!-- ## Introduction
Just like `StorageClass` provides a way for administrators to describe the "classes"
of storage they offer when provisioning a volume, `VolumeSnapshotClass` provides a
way to describe the "classes" of storage when provisioning a volume snapshot. -->
## 介绍
就像 `StorageClass` 为管理员提供了一种在配置卷时描述存储“类”的方法,`VolumeSnapshotClass` 提供了一种在配置卷快照时描述存储“类”的方法。
<!-- ## The VolumeSnapshotClass Resource
Each `VolumeSnapshotClass` contains the fields `snapshotter` and `parameters`,
which are used when a `VolumeSnapshot` belonging to the class needs to be
dynamically provisioned.
The name of a `VolumeSnapshotClass` object is significant, and is how users can
request a particular class. Administrators set the name and other parameters
of a class when first creating `VolumeSnapshotClass` objects, and the objects cannot
be updated once they are created.
Administrators can specify a default `VolumeSnapshotClass` just for VolumeSnapshots
that don't request any particular class to bind to.
-->
## VolumeSnapshotClass 资源
每个 `VolumeSnapshotClass` 都包含 `snapshotter``parameters` 字段,当需要动态配置属于该类的 `VolumeSnapshot` 时使用。
`VolumeSnapshotClass` 对象的名称很重要,是用户可以请求特定类的方式。
管理员在首次创建 `VolumeSnapshotClass` 对象时设置类的名称和其他参数,对象一旦创建就无法更新。
管理员可以为不请求任何特定类绑定的 VolumeSnapshots 指定默认的 `VolumeSnapshotClass`
```yaml
apiVersion: snapshot.storage.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: VolumeSnapshotClass
metadata:
name: csi-hostpath-snapclass
snapshotter: csi-hostpath
parameters:
```
<!--
### Snapshotter
Volume snapshot classes have a snapshotter that determines what CSI volume plugin is
used for provisioning VolumeSnapshots. This field must be specified.
-->
### 快照生成器(Snapshotter
卷快照类具有一个快照生成器,用于确定配置 VolumeSnapshot 的 CSI 卷插件。 必须指定此字段。
<!-- ## Parameters
Volume snapshot classes have parameters that describe volume snapshots belonging to
the volume snapshot class. Different parameters may be accepted depending on the
`snapshotter`. -->
## 参数
卷快照类具有描述属于卷快照类的卷快照参数。 可根据 `snapshotter` 接受不同的参数。
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