[zh] Resync setup section (2)
This commit is contained in:
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ You need to install a
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into each node in the cluster so that Pods can run there. This page outlines
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what is involved and describes related tasks for setting up nodes.
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-->
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你需要在集群内每个节点上安装一个{{< glossary_tooltip text="容器运行时" term_id="container-runtime" >}}
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你需要在集群内每个节点上安装一个
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{{< glossary_tooltip text="容器运行时" term_id="container-runtime" >}}
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以使 Pod 可以运行在上面。本文概述了所涉及的内容并描述了与节点设置相关的任务。
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<!-- body -->
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@@ -59,7 +60,8 @@ systemd means that there will be two different cgroup managers.
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-->
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控制组用来约束分配给进程的资源。
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当某个 Linux 系统发行版使用 [systemd](https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/) 作为其初始化系统时,初始化进程会生成并使用一个 root 控制组 (`cgroup`), 并充当 cgroup 管理器。
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当某个 Linux 系统发行版使用 [systemd](https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/)
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作为其初始化系统时,初始化进程会生成并使用一个 root 控制组 (`cgroup`), 并充当 cgroup 管理器。
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Systemd 与 cgroup 集成紧密,并将为每个 systemd 单元分配一个 cgroup。
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你也可以配置容器运行时和 kubelet 使用 `cgroupfs`。
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连同 systemd 一起使用 `cgroupfs` 意味着将有两个不同的 cgroup 管理器。
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@@ -72,9 +74,12 @@ In the field, people have reported cases where nodes that are configured to use
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for the kubelet and Docker, but `systemd` for the rest of the processes, become unstable under
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resource pressure.
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-->
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单个 cgroup 管理器将简化分配资源的视图,并且默认情况下将对可用资源和使用中的资源具有更一致的视图。
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单个 cgroup 管理器将简化分配资源的视图,并且默认情况下将对可用资源和使用
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中的资源具有更一致的视图。
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当有两个管理器共存于一个系统中时,最终将对这些资源产生两种视图。
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在此领域人们已经报告过一些案例,某些节点配置让 kubelet 和 docker 使用 `cgroupfs`,而节点上运行的其余进程则使用 systemd; 这类节点在资源压力下会变得不稳定。
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在此领域人们已经报告过一些案例,某些节点配置让 kubelet 和 docker 使用
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`cgroupfs`,而节点上运行的其余进程则使用 systemd; 这类节点在资源压力下
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会变得不稳定。
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<!--
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Changing the settings such that your container runtime and kubelet use `systemd` as the cgroup driver
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@@ -95,8 +100,11 @@ configuration, or reinstall it using automation.
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{{< /caution >}}
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-->
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注意:更改已加入集群的节点的 cgroup 驱动是一项敏感的操作。
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如果 kubelet 已经使用某 cgroup 驱动的语义创建了 pod,更改运行时以使用别的 cgroup 驱动,当为现有 Pods 重新创建 PodSandbox 时会产生错误。重启 kubelet 也可能无法解决此类问题。
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如果你有切实可行的自动化方案,使用其他已更新配置的节点来替换该节点,或者使用自动化方案来重新安装。
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如果 kubelet 已经使用某 cgroup 驱动的语义创建了 pod,更改运行时以使用
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别的 cgroup 驱动,当为现有 Pods 重新创建 PodSandbox 时会产生错误。
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重启 kubelet 也可能无法解决此类问题。
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如果你有切实可行的自动化方案,使用其他已更新配置的节点来替换该节点,
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或者使用自动化方案来重新安装。
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<!--
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### Migrating to the `systemd` driver in kubeadm managed clusters
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@@ -104,7 +112,7 @@ configuration, or reinstall it using automation.
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### 将 kubeadm 托管的集群迁移到 `systemd` 驱动
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<!--
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Follow this [Migration guide](docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubeadm/configure-cgroup-driver)
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Follow this [Migration guide](/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubeadm/configure-cgroup-driver)
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if you wish to migrate to the `systemd` cgroup driver in existing kubeadm managed clusters.
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-->
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如果你想迁移到现有 kubeadm 托管集群中的 `systemd` cgroup 驱动程序,
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@@ -125,26 +133,6 @@ This section contains the necessary steps to use containerd as CRI runtime.
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Use the following commands to install Containerd on your system:
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Install and configure prerequisites:
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```shell
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cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf
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overlay
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br_netfilter
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EOF
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sudo modprobe overlay
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sudo modprobe br_netfilter
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# Setup required sysctl params, these persist across reboots.
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cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-cri.conf
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net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
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net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
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net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
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EOF
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# Apply sysctl params without reboot
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sudo sysctl --system
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```
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-->
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本节包含使用 containerd 作为 CRI 运行时的必要步骤。
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@@ -183,7 +171,10 @@ Install containerd:
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<!--
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1. Install the `containerd.io` package from the official Docker repositories. Instructions for setting up the Docker repository for your respective Linux distribution and installing the `containerd.io` package can be found at [Install Docker Engine](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/#server).
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-->
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1. 从官方Docker仓库安装 `containerd.io` 软件包。可以在 [安装 Docker 引擎](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/#server) 中找到有关为各自的 Linux 发行版设置 Docker 存储库和安装 `containerd.io` 软件包的说明。
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1. 从官方Docker仓库安装 `containerd.io` 软件包。可以在
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[安装 Docker 引擎](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/#server)
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中找到有关为各自的 Linux 发行版设置 Docker 存储库和安装 `containerd.io`
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软件包的说明。
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<!--
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2. Configure containerd:
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@@ -206,10 +197,12 @@ Install containerd:
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{{% /tab %}}
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{{% tab name="Windows (PowerShell)" %}}
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<!--
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Start a Powershell session, set `$Version` to the desired version (ex: `$Version=1.4.3`), and then run the following commands:
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-->
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启动 Powershell 会话,将 `$Version` 设置为所需的版本(例如:`$ Version=1.4.3`),然后运行以下命令:
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启动 Powershell 会话,将 `$Version` 设置为所需的版本(例如:`$ Version=1.4.3`),
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然后运行以下命令:
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<!--
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1. Download containerd:
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@@ -230,18 +223,17 @@ Start a Powershell session, set `$Version` to the desired version (ex: `$Version
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cd $Env:ProgramFiles\containerd\
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.\containerd.exe config default | Out-File config.toml -Encoding ascii
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# Review the configuration. Depending on setup you may want to adjust:
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# - the sandbox_image (Kubernetes pause image)
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# - cni bin_dir and conf_dir locations
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# 检查配置。根据你的配置,可能需要调整:
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# - sandbox_image (Kubernetes pause 镜像)
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# - cni bin_dir 和 conf_dir 位置
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Get-Content config.toml
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# (Optional - but highly recommended) Exclude containerd from Windows Defender Scans
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# (可选 - 不过强烈建议) 禁止 Windows Defender 扫描 containerd
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Add-MpPreference -ExclusionProcess "$Env:ProgramFiles\containerd\containerd.exe"
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```
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<!--
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3. Start containerd:
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-->
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3. 启动 containerd:
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```powershell
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@@ -260,15 +252,7 @@ Start a Powershell session, set `$Version` to the desired version (ex: `$Version
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<!--
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To use the `systemd` cgroup driver in `/etc/containerd/config.toml` with `runc`, set
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```
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[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]
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...
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[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
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SystemdCgroup = true
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```
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-->
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结合 `runc` 使用 `systemd` cgroup 驱动,在 `/etc/containerd/config.toml` 中设置
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```
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@@ -292,7 +276,7 @@ When using kubeadm, manually configure the
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[cgroup driver for kubelet](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/#configure-cgroup-driver-used-by-kubelet-on-control-plane-node).
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-->
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当使用 kubeadm 时,请手动配置
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[kubelet 的 cgroup 驱动](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/#configure-cgroup-driver-used-by-kubelet-on-control-plane-node).
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[kubelet 的 cgroup 驱动](/zh/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/#configure-cgroup-driver-used-by-kubelet-on-control-plane-node).
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### CRI-O
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@@ -300,47 +284,29 @@ When using kubeadm, manually configure the
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This section contains the necessary steps to install CRI-O as a container runtime.
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Use the following commands to install CRI-O on your system:
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{{< note >}}
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The CRI-O major and minor versions must match the Kubernetes major and minor versions.
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For more information, see the [CRI-O compatibility matrix](https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o#compatibility-matrix-cri-o--kubernetes).
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{{< /note >}}
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Install and configure prerequisites:
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```shell
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# Create the .conf file to load the modules at bootup
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cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/crio.conf
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overlay
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br_netfilter
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EOF
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sudo modprobe overlay
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sudo modprobe br_netfilter
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# Set up required sysctl params, these persist across reboots.
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cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-cri.conf
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net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
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net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
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net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
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EOF
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sudo sysctl --system
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```
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-->
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本节包含安装 CRI-O 作为容器运行时的必要步骤。
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使用以下命令在系统中安装 CRI-O:
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提示:CRI-O 的主要以及次要版本必须与 Kubernetes 的主要和次要版本相匹配。
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更多信息请查阅 [CRI-O 兼容性列表](https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o#compatibility-matrix-cri-o--kubernetes)。
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{{< note >}}
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<!--
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The CRI-O major and minor versions must match the Kubernetes major and minor versions.
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For more information, see the [CRI-O compatibility matrix](https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o#compatibility-matrix-cri-o--kubernetes).
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-->
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CRI-O 的主要以及次要版本必须与 Kubernetes 的主要和次要版本相匹配。
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更多信息请查阅
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[CRI-O 兼容性列表](https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o#compatibility-matrix-cri-o--kubernetes)。
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{{< /note >}}
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安装以及配置的先决条件:
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<!--
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Install and configure prerequisites:
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-->
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安装并配置前置环境:
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```shell
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# 创建 .conf 文件,以便在系统启动时加载内核模块
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# 创建 .conf 文件以在启动时加载模块
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cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/crio.conf
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overlay
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br_netfilter
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@@ -349,7 +315,7 @@ EOF
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sudo modprobe overlay
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sudo modprobe br_netfilter
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# 设置必需的 sysctl 参数,这些参数在重新启动后仍然存在。
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# 配置 sysctl 参数,这些配置在重启之后仍然起作用
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cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-cri.conf
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net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
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net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
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@@ -379,7 +345,7 @@ To install version 1.20.0, set `VERSION=1.20:1.20.0`.
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<br />
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Then run
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-->
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-->
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在下列操作系统上安装 CRI-O, 使用下表中合适的值设置环境变量 `OS`:
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| 操作系统 | `$OS` |
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@@ -395,6 +361,7 @@ Then run
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<br />
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然后执行
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```shell
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cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable.list
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deb https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/$OS/ /
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@@ -532,10 +499,6 @@ sudo dnf module list cri-o
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CRI-O does not support pinning to specific releases on Fedora.
|
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Then run
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```shell
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sudo dnf module enable cri-o:$VERSION
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sudo dnf install cri-o
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||||
```
|
||||
-->
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将 `$VERSION` 设置为与你的 Kubernetes 相匹配的 CRI-O 版本。
|
||||
例如,如果要安装 CRI-O 1.20,请设置 `VERSION=1.20`。
|
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@@ -544,9 +507,11 @@ sudo dnf install cri-o
|
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```shell
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sudo dnf module list cri-o
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```
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||||
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CRI-O 不支持在 Fedora 上固定到特定的版本。
|
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|
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然后执行
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|
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```shell
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sudo dnf module enable cri-o:$VERSION
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sudo dnf install cri-o --now
|
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@@ -557,24 +522,32 @@ sudo dnf install cri-o --now
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||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Start CRI-O:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
启动 CRI-O:
|
||||
|
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```shell
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sudo systemctl daemon-reload
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sudo systemctl enable crio --no
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Refer to the [CRI-O installation guide](https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o/blob/master/install.md)
|
||||
for more information.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
参阅[CRI-O 安装指南](https://github.com/cri-o/cri-o/blob/master/install.md)
|
||||
了解进一步的详细信息。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
#### cgroup driver
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
|
||||
CRI-O uses the systemd cgroup driver per default. To switch to the `cgroupfs`
|
||||
cgroup driver, either edit `/etc/crio/crio.conf` or place a drop-in
|
||||
configuration in `/etc/crio/crio.conf.d/02-cgroup-manager.conf`, for example:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
默认情况下,CRI-O 使用 systemd cgroup 驱动程序。切换到`
|
||||
`cgroupfs`
|
||||
cgroup 驱动程序,或者编辑 `/ etc / crio / crio.conf` 或放置一个插件
|
||||
-->
|
||||
#### cgroup 驱动
|
||||
|
||||
默认情况下,CRI-O 使用 systemd cgroup 驱动程序。要切换到 `cgroupfs`
|
||||
驱动程序,或者编辑 `/ etc / crio / crio.conf` 或放置一个插件
|
||||
在 `/etc/crio/crio.conf.d/02-cgroup-manager.conf` 中的配置,例如:
|
||||
|
||||
```toml
|
||||
@@ -582,27 +555,31 @@ cgroup 驱动程序,或者编辑 `/ etc / crio / crio.conf` 或放置一个插
|
||||
conmon_cgroup = "pod"
|
||||
cgroup_manager = "cgroupfs"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Please also note the changed `conmon_cgroup`, which has to be set to the value
|
||||
`pod` when using CRI-O with `cgroupfs`. It is generally necessary to keep the
|
||||
cgroup driver configuration of the kubelet (usually done via kubeadm) and CRI-O
|
||||
in sync.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
另请注意更改后的 `conmon_cgroup` ,必须将其设置为
|
||||
`pod`将 CRI-O 与 `cgroupfs` 一起使用时。通常有必要保持
|
||||
kubelet 的 cgroup 驱动程序配置(通常透过 kubeadm 完成)和CRI-O 同步中。
|
||||
另请注意更改后的 `conmon_cgroup`,将 CRI-O 与 `cgroupfs` 一起使用时,
|
||||
必须将其设置为 `pod`。通常有必要保持 kubelet 的 cgroup 驱动程序配置
|
||||
(通常透过 kubeadm 完成)和 CRI-O 一致。
|
||||
|
||||
### Docker
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
1. On each of your nodes, install the Docker for your Linux distribution as per [Install Docker Engine](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/#server). You can find the latest validated version of Docker in this [dependencies](https://git.k8s.io/kubernetes/build/dependencies.yaml) file.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
1. 在每个节点上,根据[安装 Docker 引擎](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/#server) 为你的 Linux 发行版安装 Docker。
|
||||
你可以在此文件中找到最新的经过验证的 Docker 版本[依赖关系](https://git.k8s.io/kubernetes/build/dependencies.yaml)。
|
||||
1. 在每个节点上,根据[安装 Docker 引擎](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/#server)
|
||||
为你的 Linux 发行版安装 Docker。
|
||||
你可以在此文件中找到最新的经过验证的 Docker 版本
|
||||
[依赖关系](https://git.k8s.io/kubernetes/build/dependencies.yaml)。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
2. Configure the Docker daemon, in particular to use systemd for the management of the container’s cgroups.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
2. 配置 Docker 守护程序,尤其是使用 systemd 来管理容器的cgroup。
|
||||
2. 配置 Docker 守护程序,尤其是使用 systemd 来管理容器的 cgroup。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
sudo mkdir /etc/docker
|
||||
@@ -621,14 +598,16 @@ kubelet 的 cgroup 驱动程序配置(通常透过 kubeadm 完成)和CRI-O
|
||||
{{< note >}}
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
`overlay2` is the preferred storage driver for systems running Linux kernel version 4.0 or higher, or RHEL or CentOS using version 3.10.0-514 and above.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
对于运行 Linux 内核版本 4.0 或更高版本,或使用 3.10.0-51 及更高版本的 RHEL 或 CentOS 的系统,`overlay2`是首选的存储驱动程序。
|
||||
-->
|
||||
对于运行 Linux 内核版本 4.0 或更高版本,或使用 3.10.0-51 及更高版本的 RHEL
|
||||
或 CentOS 的系统,`overlay2`是首选的存储驱动程序。
|
||||
{{< /note >}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
3. Restart Docker and enable on boot:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
3. 重新启动 Docker 并在启动时启用:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
sudo systemctl enable docker
|
||||
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
|
||||
@@ -641,9 +620,9 @@ For more information refer to
|
||||
- [Configure the Docker daemon](https://docs.docker.com/config/daemon/)
|
||||
- [Control Docker with systemd](https://docs.docker.com/config/daemon/systemd/)
|
||||
-->
|
||||
有关更多信息,请参阅
|
||||
|
||||
- [配置 Docker 守护程序](https://docs.docker.com/config/daemon/)
|
||||
- [使用 systemd 控制 Docker](https://docs.docker.com/config/daemon/systemd/)
|
||||
{{< /note >}}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
有关更多信息,请参阅
|
||||
- [配置 Docker 守护程序](https://docs.docker.com/config/daemon/)
|
||||
- [使用 systemd 控制 Docker](https://docs.docker.com/config/daemon/systemd/)
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ It uses a tool called [`kops`](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops).
|
||||
本篇使用了一个名为 [`kops`](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops) 的工具。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
kops is an opinionated provisioning system:
|
||||
kops is an automated provisioning system:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
kops 是一个自用的供应系统:
|
||||
kops 是一个自动化的制备系统:
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
* Fully automated installation
|
||||
@@ -33,80 +33,170 @@ kops 是一个自用的供应系统:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
* 全自动安装流程
|
||||
* 使用 DNS 识别集群
|
||||
* 自我修复:一切都在自动扩展组中运行
|
||||
* 自我修复:一切都在自动扩缩组中运行
|
||||
* 支持多种操作系统(如 Debian、Ubuntu 16.04、CentOS、RHEL、Amazon Linux 和 CoreOS) - 参考 [images.md](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/blob/master/docs/operations/images.md)
|
||||
* 支持高可用 - 参考 [high_availability.md](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/blob/master/docs/high_availability.md)
|
||||
* 可以直接提供或者生成 terraform 清单 - 参考 [terraform.md](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/blob/master/docs/terraform.md)
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
If your opinions differ from these you may prefer to build your own cluster using [kubeadm](/docs/admin/kubeadm/) as
|
||||
a building block. kops builds on the kubeadm work.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
如果你有不同的观点,你可能更喜欢使用 [kubeadm](/zh/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/)
|
||||
作为构建工具来构建自己的集群。kops 建立在 kubeadm 工作的基础上。
|
||||
## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- body -->
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
* You must have [kubectl](/docs/tasks/tools/) installed.
|
||||
|
||||
* You must [install](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops#installing) `kops` on a 64-bit (AMD64 and Intel 64) device architecture.
|
||||
|
||||
* You must have an [AWS account](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/polly/latest/dg/setting-up.html), generate [IAM keys](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/aws-sec-cred-types.html#access-keys-and-secret-access-keys) and [configure](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-chap-configure.html#cli-quick-configuration) them. The IAM user will need [adequate permissions](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/blob/master/docs/getting_started/aws.md#setup-iam-user).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
* 你必须安装 [kubectl](/zh/docs/tasks/tools/)。
|
||||
* 你必须安装[安装](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops#installing) `kops`
|
||||
到 64 位的(AMD64 和 Intel 64)设备架构上。
|
||||
* 你必须拥有一个 [AWS 账户](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/polly/latest/dg/setting-up.html),
|
||||
生成 [IAM 秘钥](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/aws-sec-cred-types.html#access-keys-and-secret-access-keys)
|
||||
并[配置](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-chap-configure.html#cli-quick-configuration)
|
||||
该秘钥。IAM 用户需要[足够的权限许可](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/blob/master/docs/getting_started/aws.md#setup-iam-user)。
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- steps -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Creating a cluster
|
||||
|
||||
### (1/5) Install kops
|
||||
|
||||
#### Requirements
|
||||
#### Installation
|
||||
|
||||
You must have [kubectl](/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/) installed in order for kops to work.
|
||||
Download kops from the [releases page](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases) (it is also convenient to build from source):
|
||||
-->
|
||||
## 创建集群
|
||||
|
||||
### (1/5) 安装 kops
|
||||
|
||||
#### 前提条件
|
||||
|
||||
你必须安装 [kubectl](/zh/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/) 才能使 kops 工作。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
#### Installation
|
||||
|
||||
Download kops from the [releases page](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases) (it is also easy to build from source):
|
||||
-->
|
||||
#### 安装
|
||||
|
||||
从[下载页面](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases)下载 kops(从源代码构建也很容易):
|
||||
从[下载页面](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases)下载 kops
|
||||
(从源代码构建也很方便):
|
||||
|
||||
{{< tabs name="kops_installation" >}}
|
||||
{{% tab name="macOS" %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
On macOS:
|
||||
# you can also install using Homebrew
|
||||
Download the latest release with the command:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
在 macOS 上:
|
||||
使用下面的命令下载最新发布版本:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
curl -LO https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases/download/$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/kubernetes/kops/releases/latest | grep tag_name | cut -d '"' -f 4)/kops-darwin-amd64
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
To download a specific version, replace the following portion of the command with the specific kops version.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
要下载特定版本,使用特定的 kops 版本替换下面命令中的部分:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/kubernetes/kops/releases/latest | grep tag_name | cut -d '"' -f 4)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
For example, to download kops version v1.20.0 type:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
例如,要下载 kops v1.20.0,输入:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
curl -LO https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases/download/v1.20.0/kops-darwin-amd64
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Make the kops binary executable.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
令 kops 二进制文件可执行:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
curl -OL https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases/download/1.10.0/kops-darwin-amd64
|
||||
chmod +x kops-darwin-amd64
|
||||
mv kops-darwin-amd64 /usr/local/bin/kops
|
||||
# 你也可以使用 Homebrew 安装 kops
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Move the kops binary in to your PATH.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
将 kops 二进制文件移到你的 PATH 下:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
sudo mv kops-darwin-amd64 /usr/local/bin/kops
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
你也可以使用 [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/) 安装 kops:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
brew update && brew install kops
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /tab %}}
|
||||
{{% tab name="Linux" %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Download the latest release with the command:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
使用命令下载最新发布版本:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
curl -LO https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases/download/$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/kubernetes/kops/releases/latest | grep tag_name | cut -d '"' -f 4)/kops-linux-amd64
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
To download a specific version of kops, replace the following portion of the command with the specific kops version.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
要下载 kops 的特定版本,用特定的 kops 版本替换下面命令中的部分:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/kubernetes/kops/releases/latest | grep tag_name | cut -d '"' -f 4)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
For example, to download kops version v1.20.0 type:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
例如,要下载 kops v1.20 版本,输入:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
curl -LO https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases/download/v1.20.0/kops-linux-amd64
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Make the kops binary executable
|
||||
-->
|
||||
令 kops 二进制文件可执行:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
chmod +x kops-linux-amd64
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Move the kops binary in to your PATH.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
将 kops 二进制文件移到 PATH 下:
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
sudo mv kops-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/kops
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
你也可以使用 [Homebrew](https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-on-Linux)
|
||||
来安装 kops:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
brew update && brew install kops
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
On Linux:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
在 Linux 上:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
wget https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/releases/download/1.10.0/kops-linux-amd64
|
||||
chmod +x kops-linux-amd64
|
||||
mv kops-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/kops
|
||||
```
|
||||
{{% /tab %}}
|
||||
{{< /tabs >}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### (2/5) Create a route53 domain for your cluster
|
||||
|
||||
kops uses DNS for discovery, both inside the cluster and so that you can reach the kubernetes API server
|
||||
kops uses DNS for discovery, both inside the cluster and outside, so that you can reach the kubernetes API server
|
||||
from clients.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
### (2/5) 为你的集群创建一个 route53 域名
|
||||
|
||||
kops 在集群内部都使用 DNS 进行发现操作,因此你可以从客户端访问 kubernetes API 服务器。
|
||||
kops 在集群内部和外部都使用 DNS 进行发现操作,这样你可以从客户端访问
|
||||
kubernetes API 服务器。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
kops has a strong opinion on the cluster name: it should be a valid DNS name. By doing so you will
|
||||
@@ -120,8 +210,8 @@ kops 对集群名称有明显的要求:它应该是有效的 DNS 名称。这
|
||||
You can, and probably should, use subdomains to divide your clusters. As our example we will use
|
||||
`useast1.dev.example.com`. The API server endpoint will then be `api.useast1.dev.example.com`.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
你应该使用子域名来划分集群。作为示例,我们将使用域名 `useast1.dev.example.com`。
|
||||
然后,API 服务器端点域名将为 `api.useast1.dev.example.com`。
|
||||
你可以,或许应该使用子域名来划分集群。作为示例,我们将使用域名 `useast1.dev.example.com`。
|
||||
这样,API 服务器端点域名将为 `api.useast1.dev.example.com`。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
A Route53 hosted zone can serve subdomains. Your hosted zone could be `useast1.dev.example.com`,
|
||||
@@ -154,10 +244,10 @@ records at your domain registrar (e.g. `example.com` would need to be configured
|
||||
例如,你需要在购买 `example.com` 的地方配置 `example.com`。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
This step is easy to mess up (it is the #1 cause of problems!) You can double-check that
|
||||
Verify your route53 domain setup (it is the #1 cause of problems!). You can double-check that
|
||||
your cluster is configured correctly if you have the dig tool by running:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
这一步很容易搞砸(这是问题的第一大原因!)
|
||||
检查你的 route53 域已经被正确设置(这是导致问题的最常见原因!)。
|
||||
如果你安装了 dig 工具,则可以通过运行以下步骤再次检查集群是否配置正确:
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
@@ -187,8 +277,10 @@ administer the same clusters - this is much easier than passing around kubecfg f
|
||||
to the S3 bucket will have administrative access to all your clusters, so you don't want to share it beyond
|
||||
the operations team.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
多个集群可以使用同一 S3 存储桶,并且你可以在管理同一集群的同事之间共享一个 S3 存储桶 - 这比传递 kubecfg 文件容易得多。
|
||||
但是有权访问 S3 存储桶的任何人都将拥有对所有集群的管理访问权限,因此你不想在运营团队之外共享它。
|
||||
多个集群可以使用同一 S3 存储桶,并且你可以在管理同一集群的同事之间共享一个
|
||||
S3 存储桶 - 这比传递 kubecfg 文件容易得多。
|
||||
但是有权访问 S3 存储桶的任何人都将拥有对所有集群的管理访问权限,
|
||||
因此你不想在运营团队之外共享它。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
So typically you have one S3 bucket for each ops team (and often the name will correspond
|
||||
@@ -200,7 +292,8 @@ to the name of the hosted zone above!)
|
||||
In our example, we chose `dev.example.com` as our hosted zone, so let's pick `clusters.dev.example.com` as
|
||||
the S3 bucket name.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
在我们的示例中,我们选择 `dev.example.com` 作为托管区域,因此让我们选择 `clusters.dev.example.com` 作为 S3 存储桶名称。
|
||||
在我们的示例中,我们选择 `dev.example.com` 作为托管区域,因此我们选择
|
||||
`clusters.dev.example.com` 作为 S3 存储桶名称。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
* Export `AWS_PROFILE` (if you need to select a profile for the AWS CLI to work)
|
||||
@@ -210,17 +303,18 @@ the S3 bucket name.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
* 导出 `AWS_PROFILE` 文件(如果你需要选择一个配置文件用来使 AWS CLI 正常工作)
|
||||
* 使用 `aws s3 mb s3://clusters.dev.example.com` 创建 S3 存储桶
|
||||
* 你可以进行 `export KOPS_STATE_STORE=s3://clusters.dev.example.com` 操作,然后 kops 将默认使用此位置。
|
||||
* 你可以进行 `export KOPS_STATE_STORE=s3://clusters.dev.example.com` 操作,
|
||||
然后 kops 将默认使用此位置。
|
||||
我们建议将其放入你的 bash profile 文件或类似文件中。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### (4/5) Build your cluster configuration
|
||||
|
||||
Run "kops create cluster" to create your cluster configuration:
|
||||
Run `kops create cluster` to create your cluster configuration:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
### (4/5) 建立你的集群配置
|
||||
|
||||
运行 "kops create cluster" 以创建你的集群配置:
|
||||
运行 `kops create cluster` 以创建你的集群配置:
|
||||
|
||||
`kops create cluster --zones=us-east-1c useast1.dev.example.com`
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -229,7 +323,8 @@ kops will create the configuration for your cluster. Note that it _only_ create
|
||||
not actually create the cloud resources - you'll do that in the next step with a `kops update cluster`. This
|
||||
give you an opportunity to review the configuration or change it.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
kops 将为你的集群创建配置。请注意,它_仅_创建配置,实际上并没有创建云资源 - 你将在下一步中使用 `kops update cluster` 进行配置。
|
||||
kops 将为你的集群创建配置。请注意,它_仅_创建配置,实际上并没有创建云资源 -
|
||||
你将在下一步中使用 `kops update cluster` 进行配置。
|
||||
这使你有机会查看配置或进行更改。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
@@ -312,18 +407,6 @@ See the [list of add-ons](/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/) to expl
|
||||
|
||||
* 删除集群:`kops delete cluster useast1.dev.example.com --yes`
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Feedback
|
||||
-->
|
||||
## 反馈
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
* Slack Channel: [#kops-users](https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/kops-users/)
|
||||
* [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/issues)
|
||||
-->
|
||||
* Slack 频道: [#kops-users](https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/kops-users/)
|
||||
* [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops/issues)
|
||||
|
||||
## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
@@ -332,7 +415,8 @@ See the [list of add-ons](/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/) to expl
|
||||
* See the `kops` [docs](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops) section for tutorials, best practices and advanced configuration options.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
* 了解有关 Kubernetes 的[概念](/zh/docs/concepts/) 和
|
||||
[`kubectl`](/zh/docs/reference/kubectl/overview/) 的更多信息。
|
||||
[`kubectl`](/zh/docs/reference/kubectl/overview/) 有关的更多信息。
|
||||
* 了解 `kops` [高级用法](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops)。
|
||||
* 请参阅 `kops` [文档](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops) 获取教程、最佳做法和高级配置选项。
|
||||
* 请参阅 `kops` [文档](https://github.com/kubernetes/kops) 获取教程、
|
||||
最佳做法和高级配置选项。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -14,12 +14,17 @@ weight: 30
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
This quickstart helps to install a Kubernetes cluster hosted on GCE, Azure, OpenStack, AWS, vSphere, Packet (bare metal), Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (Experimental) or Baremetal with [Kubespray](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
此快速入门有助于使用 [Kubespray](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray) 安装在 GCE、Azure、OpenStack、AWS、vSphere、Packet(裸机)、Oracle Cloud Infrastructure(实验性)或 Baremetal 上托管的 Kubernetes 集群。
|
||||
此快速入门有助于使用 [Kubespray](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray)
|
||||
安装在 GCE、Azure、OpenStack、AWS、vSphere、Packet(裸机)、Oracle Cloud
|
||||
Infrastructure(实验性)或 Baremetal 上托管的 Kubernetes 集群。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Kubespray is a composition of [Ansible](https://docs.ansible.com/) playbooks, [inventory](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/ansible.md), provisioning tools, and domain knowledge for generic OS/Kubernetes clusters configuration management tasks. Kubespray provides:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
Kubespray 是一个由 [Ansible](https://docs.ansible.com/) playbooks、[清单(inventory)](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/ansible.md)、供应工具和通用 OS/Kubernetes 集群配置管理任务的领域知识组成的。 Kubespray 提供:
|
||||
Kubespray 是一个由 [Ansible](https://docs.ansible.com/) playbooks、
|
||||
[清单(inventory)](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/ansible.md)、
|
||||
制备工具和通用 OS/Kubernetes 集群配置管理任务的领域知识组成的。
|
||||
Kubespray 提供:
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
* a highly available cluster
|
||||
@@ -50,17 +55,18 @@ Kubespray 是一个由 [Ansible](https://docs.ansible.com/) playbooks、[清单
|
||||
To choose a tool which best fits your use case, read [this comparison](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/comparisons.md) to
|
||||
[kubeadm](/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/) and [kops](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kops/).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
要选择最适合你的用例的工具,请阅读[此比较](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/comparisons.md)以
|
||||
[kubeadm](/zh/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/) 和 [kops](/zh/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kops/) 。
|
||||
要选择最适合你的用例的工具,请阅读
|
||||
[kubeadm](/zh/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/) 和
|
||||
[kops](/zh/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kops/) 之间的
|
||||
[这份比较](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/comparisons.md)。
|
||||
。
|
||||
<!-- body -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## Creating a cluster
|
||||
|
||||
### (1/5) Meet the underlay requirements
|
||||
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
## 创建集群
|
||||
|
||||
### (1/5)满足下层设施要求
|
||||
@@ -81,11 +87,14 @@ Provision servers with the following [requirements](https://github.com/kubernete
|
||||
-->
|
||||
* 在将运行 Ansible 命令的计算机上安装 Ansible v2.9 和 python-netaddr
|
||||
* **运行 Ansible Playbook 需要 Jinja 2.11(或更高版本)**
|
||||
* 目标服务器必须有权访问 Internet 才能拉取 Docker 镜像。否则,需要其他配置([请参见离线环境](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/offline-environment.md))
|
||||
* 目标服务器必须有权访问 Internet 才能拉取 Docker 镜像。否则,
|
||||
需要其他配置([请参见离线环境](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/offline-environment.md))
|
||||
* 目标服务器配置为允许 IPv4 转发
|
||||
* **你的 SSH 密钥必须复制**到清单中的所有服务器部分
|
||||
* 防火墙不受管理,你将需要按照以前的方式实施自己的规则。为了避免在部署过程中出现任何问题,你应该禁用防火墙
|
||||
* 如果从非 root 用户帐户运行 kubespray,则应在目标服务器中配置正确的特权升级方法。然后应指定“ansible_become” 标志或命令参数 “--become” 或 “-b”
|
||||
* 防火墙不受管理,你将需要按照以前的方式实施自己的规则。
|
||||
为了避免在部署过程中出现任何问题,你应该禁用防火墙
|
||||
* 如果从非 root 用户帐户运行 kubespray,则应在目标服务器中配置正确的特权升级方法。
|
||||
然后应指定“ansible_become” 标志或命令参数 “--become” 或 “-b”
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Kubespray provides the following utilities to help provision your environment:
|
||||
@@ -105,16 +114,18 @@ Kubespray 提供以下实用程序来帮助你设置环境:
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### (2/5) Compose an inventory file
|
||||
|
||||
After you provision your servers, create an [inventory file for Ansible](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/intro_inventory.html). You can do this manually or via a dynamic inventory script. For more information, see "[Building your own inventory](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md#building-your-own-inventory)".
|
||||
After you provision your servers, create an [inventory file for Ansible](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/network/getting_started/first_inventory.html). You can do this manually or via a dynamic inventory script. For more information, see "[Building your own inventory](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md#building-your-own-inventory)".
|
||||
|
||||
### (3/5) Plan your cluster deployment
|
||||
|
||||
Kubespray provides the ability to customize many aspects of the deployment:
|
||||
|
||||
-->
|
||||
### (2/5)编写清单文件
|
||||
|
||||
设置服务器后,请创建一个 [Ansible 的清单文件](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/intro_inventory.html)。你可以手动执行此操作,也可以通过动态清单脚本执行此操作。有关更多信息,请参阅“[建立你自己的清单](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md#building-your-own-inventory)”。
|
||||
设置服务器后,请创建一个
|
||||
[Ansible 的清单文件](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/network/getting_started/first_inventory.html)。
|
||||
你可以手动执行此操作,也可以通过动态清单脚本执行此操作。有关更多信息,请参阅
|
||||
“[建立你自己的清单](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md#building-your-own-inventory)”。
|
||||
|
||||
### (3/5)规划集群部署
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -146,11 +157,12 @@ Kubespray 能够自定义部署的许多方面:
|
||||
* 证书生成方式
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Kubespray customizations can be made to a [variable file](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/playbooks_variables.html). If you are just getting started with Kubespray, consider using the Kubespray defaults to deploy your cluster and explore Kubernetes.
|
||||
Kubespray customizations can be made to a [variable file](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/user_guide/playbooks_variables.html). If you are just getting started with Kubespray, consider using the Kubespray defaults to deploy your cluster and explore Kubernetes.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
可以修改[变量文件](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/playbooks_variables.html)以进行 Kubespray 定制。
|
||||
如果你刚刚开始使用 Kubespray,请考虑使用 Kubespray 默认设置来部署你的集群并探索 Kubernetes 。
|
||||
可以修改[变量文件](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/user_guide/playbooks_variables.html)
|
||||
以进行 Kubespray 定制。
|
||||
如果你刚刚开始使用 Kubespray,请考虑使用 Kubespray 默认设置来部署你的集群
|
||||
并探索 Kubernetes 。
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### (4/5) Deploy a Cluster
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -158,12 +170,12 @@ Next, deploy your cluster:
|
||||
|
||||
Cluster deployment using [ansible-playbook](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md#starting-custom-deployment).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
### (4/5)部署集群
|
||||
|
||||
接下来,部署你的集群:
|
||||
|
||||
使用 [ansible-playbook](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md#starting-custom-deployment) 进行j集群部署。
|
||||
使用 [ansible-playbook](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/getting-started.md#starting-custom-deployment)
|
||||
进行集群部署。
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
ansible-playbook -i your/inventory/inventory.ini cluster.yml -b -v \
|
||||
@@ -172,7 +184,9 @@ ansible-playbook -i your/inventory/inventory.ini cluster.yml -b -v \
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Large deployments (100+ nodes) may require [specific adjustments](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/large-deployments.md) for best results.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
大型部署(超过 100 个节点)可能需要[特定的调整](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/large-deployments.md),以获得最佳效果。
|
||||
大型部署(超过 100 个节点)可能需要
|
||||
[特定的调整](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/large-deployments.md),
|
||||
以获得最佳效果。
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
### (5/5) Verify the deployment
|
||||
@@ -181,7 +195,8 @@ Kubespray provides a way to verify inter-pod connectivity and DNS resolve with [
|
||||
-->
|
||||
### (5/5)验证部署
|
||||
|
||||
Kubespray 提供了一种使用 [Netchecker](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/netcheck.md)
|
||||
Kubespray 提供了一种使用
|
||||
[Netchecker](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/netcheck.md)
|
||||
验证 Pod 间连接和 DNS 解析的方法。
|
||||
Netchecker 确保 netchecker-agents pod 可以解析。
|
||||
DNS 请求并在默认名称空间内对每个请求执行 ping 操作。
|
||||
@@ -241,16 +256,17 @@ When running the reset playbook, be sure not to accidentally target your product
|
||||
-->
|
||||
## 反馈
|
||||
|
||||
* Slack 频道:[#kubespray](https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/kubespray/)(你可以在[此处](https://slack.k8s.io/)获得邀请)
|
||||
* Slack 频道:[#kubespray](https://kubernetes.slack.com/messages/kubespray/)
|
||||
(你可以在[此处](https://slack.k8s.io/)获得邀请)
|
||||
* [GitHub 问题](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/issues)
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Check out planned work on Kubespray's [roadmap](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/roadmap.md).
|
||||
-->
|
||||
## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
查看有关 Kubespray 的[路线图](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/roadmap.md)的计划工作。
|
||||
查看有关 Kubespray 的
|
||||
[路线图](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubespray/blob/master/docs/roadmap.md)
|
||||
的计划工作。
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user