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Karen Bradshaw
2020-06-01 09:23:39 -04:00
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content/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/cron-jobs.md
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title: CronJob
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title: CronJob
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有关创建和使用 CronJob 的说明及规范文件的示例，请参见[使用 CronJob 运行自动化任务](/docs/tasks/job/automated-tasks-with-cron-jobs)。
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## Cron Job Limitations
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CronJob 仅负责创建与其调度时间相匹配的 Job，而 Job 又负责管理其代表的 Pod。
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content/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset.md
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title: DaemonSet
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A _DaemonSet_ ensures that all (or some) Nodes run a copy of a Pod. As nodes are added to the
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一个稍微复杂的用法是单独对每种 daemon 类型使用多个 DaemonSet，但具有不同的标志，
并且对不同硬件类型具有不同的内存、CPU 要求。
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## Writing a DaemonSet Spec
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为无状态的 Service 使用 Deployments，比如前端 Frontend 服务，实现对副本的数量进行扩缩容、平滑升级，比基于精确控制 Pod 运行在某个主机上要重要得多。
需要 Pod 副本总是运行在全部或特定主机上，并需要先于其他 Pod 启动，当这被认为非常重要时，应该使用 Daemon Controller。
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content/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment.md
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<!-- Kubernetes progressively rolls out changes to your application or its configuration, while monitoring application health to ensure it doesn't kill all your instances at the same time. If something goes wrong, Kubernetes will rollback the change for you. Take advantage of a growing ecosystem of deployment solutions. -->
Kubernetes 会逐步推出针对应用或其配置的更改，确保在监视应用程序运行状况的同时，不会终止所有实例。如果出现问题，Kubernetes 会为您回滚更改。充分利用不断成长的部署解决方案生态系统。
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You describe a _desired state_ in a Deployment, and the Deployment controller changes the actual state to the desired state at a controlled rate. You can define Deployments to create new ReplicaSets, or to remove existing Deployments and adopt all their resources with new Deployments.
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[`kubectl rolling update`](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#rolling-update)更新 Pods 和副本控制器的方式类似。但是，建议采取 Deployments 的方式来更新，因为它们是声明性的，在服务器端，并且具有其他功能，例如，即使在滚动更新完成后，也会回滚到以前的任何修改版本。
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content/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/garbage-collection.md
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The role of the Kubernetes garbage collector is to delete certain objects
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Kubernetes 垃圾收集器的作用是删除某些曾经拥有所有者（owner）但现在不再拥有所有者的对象。
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## Owners and dependents
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跟踪 [#26120](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/26120)
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[设计文档 2](https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/design-proposals/api-machinery/synchronous-garbage-collection.md)
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content/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset.md
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ReplicaSet is the next-generation Replication Controller. The only difference
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ReplicaSet 是下一代的 Replication Controller。 _ReplicaSet_ 和 [_Replication Controller_](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicationcontroller/) 的唯一区别是选择器的支持。ReplicaSet 支持新的基于集合的选择器需求，这在[标签用户指南](/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/#label-selectors)中有描述。而 Replication Controller 仅支持基于相等选择器的需求。
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## How to use a ReplicaSet
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对于管理那些提供主机级别功能（如主机监控和主机日志）的容器，就要用[`DaemonSet`](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/daemonset/) 而不用 ReplicaSet。
这些 Pod 的寿命与主机寿命有关：这些 Pod 需要先于主机上的其他 Pod 运行，并且在机器准备重新启动/关闭时安全地终止。
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content/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicationcontroller.md
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重新启动失败的容器，在节点死亡时替换并重新调度容器，杀死不响应用户定义的健康检查的容器，并且在它们准备好服务之前不会将它们公布给客户端。
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Restarts containers that fail, replaces and reschedules containers when nodes die, kills containers that don't respond to your user-defined health check, and doesn't advertise them to clients until they are ready to serve.
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A [`Deployment`](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/) that configures a [`ReplicaSet`](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset/) is now the recommended way to set up replication.
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_ReplicationController_ 确保在任何时候都有特定数量的 pod 副本处于运行状态。
换句话说，ReplicationController 确保一个 pod 或一组同类的 pod 总是可用的。
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## How a ReplicationController Works
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请阅读[运行无状态的 Replication Controller](/docs/tutorials/stateless-application/run-stateless-ap-replication-controller/)。
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content/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/statefulset.md
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StatefulSet is the workload API object used to manage stateful applications.
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StatefulSet 是用来管理有状态应用的工作负载 API 对象。
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## Using StatefulSets
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恢复模板后，还必须删除 StatefulSet 尝试使用错误的配置来运行的 Pod。这样，StatefulSet 才会开始使用被还原的模板来重新创建 Pod。
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* Follow an example of [deploying a stateful application](/docs/tutorials/stateful-application/basic-stateful-set/).
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* 示例二：[使用 StatefulSet 部署 Cassandra](/docs/tutorials/stateful-application/cassandra/)。
* 示例三：[运行多副本的有状态应用程序](/docs/tasks/run-application/run-replicated-stateful-application/)。
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content/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/ttlafterfinished.md
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Alpha 免责声明：此功能目前是 alpha 版，并且可以通过 kube-apiserver 和 kube-controller-manager [特性开关](/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/feature-gates/) `TTLAfterFinished` 启用。
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## TTL Controller
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在 Kubernetes 中，需要在所有节点上运行 NTP（参见 [#6159](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/6159#issuecomment-93844058)）以避免时间偏差。时钟并不总是如此正确，但差异应该很小。设置非零 TTL 时请注意避免这种风险。
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[Clean up Jobs automatically](/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/jobs-run-to-completion/#clean-up-finished-jobs-automatically)
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[设计文档](https://github.com/kubernetes/enhancements/blob/master/keps/sig-apps/0026-ttl-after-finish.md)
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content/zh/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/disruptions.md
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This guide is for application owners who want to build
highly available applications, and thus need to understand
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文档同样适用于想要执行自动化集群操作（例如升级和自动扩展集群）的集群管理员。
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## Voluntary and Involuntary Disruptions
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- 编写可容忍干扰的应用程序是棘手的，但对于支持容忍自愿干扰所做的工作，和支持自动扩缩和容忍非
愿干扰所做工作相比，有大量的重叠
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* Follow steps to protect your application by [configuring a Pod Disruption Budget](/docs/tasks/run-application/configure-pdb/).
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* 了解更多关于[排空节点](/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/safely-drain-node/)的信息。
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临时容器处于早期的 alpha 阶段，不适用于生产环境集群。应该预料到临时容器在某些情况下不起作用，例如在定位容器的命名空间时。根据 [Kubernetes 弃用政策](/docs/reference/using-api/deprecation-policy/)，该 alpha 功能将来可能发生重大变化或完全删除。
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## Understanding ephemeral containers
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This page provides an overview of init containers: specialized containers that run before app containers in a {{< glossary_tooltip text="Pod" term_id="pod" >}}.
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本页提供了 Init 容器的概览，它是一种专用的容器，在{{< glossary_tooltip text="Pod" term_id="pod" >}}内的应用容器启动之前运行，并包括一些应用镜像中不存在的实用工具和安装脚本。
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You can specify init containers in the Pod specification alongside the `containers` array (which describes app containers).
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你可以在Pod的规格信息中与containers数组同级的位置指定 Init 容器。
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* Read about [creating a Pod that has an init container](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-initialization/#create-a-pod-that-has-an-init-container)
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* 阅读[创建包含 Init 容器的 Pod](/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-pod-initialization/#create-a-pod-that-has-an-init-container)
* 学习如何[调测 Init 容器](/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-init-containers/)
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{{< comment >}}Updated: 4/14/2015{{< /comment >}}
{{< comment >}}Edited and moved to Concepts section: 2/2/17{{< /comment >}}
该页面将描述 Pod 的生命周期。
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## Pod phase
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This page provides an overview of `Pod`, the smallest deployable object in the Kubernetes object model.
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本节提供了 `Pod` 的概览信息，`Pod` 是最小可部署的 Kubernetes 对象模型。
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这与 Pod 形成有意的对比，Pod 指定了属于 Pod 的所有容器的当前期望状态。
这种方法从根本上简化了系统语义，增加了原语的灵活性。
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* Learn more about [Pods](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/)
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* 详细了解 [Pod](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/)
* 了解有关 Pod 行为的更多信息：
* [Pod 的终止](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod/#termination-of-pods)
* [Pod 的生命周期](/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/)
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## Prerequisites
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- pod 匹配到污点节点是允许的。参考 [Issue 80921](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/80921)。
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_Pods_ are the smallest deployable units of computing that can be created and
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_Pod_ 是可以在 Kubernetes 中创建和管理的、最小的可部署的计算单元。
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## What is a Pod?
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Pod 是 Kubernetes REST API 中的顶级资源。
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本文提供了 PodPreset 的概述。 在 Pod 创建时，用户可以使用 PodPreset 对象将特定信息注入 Pod 中，这些信息可以包括 secret、 卷、卷挂载和环境变量。
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* [使用 PodPreset 将信息注入 Pod](/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/podpreset/)
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